Scribd
Upload
12 views35 pages

Goals & Evolution of Human-Computer Interaction

Uploaded by

ziathakur0038
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views35 pages

Goals & Evolution of Human-Computer Interaction

Uploaded by

ziathakur0038
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 35

Human-Computer Interaction

Lecture 4
Goals & Evolution of Human-Computer Interaction

Inam Ullah Khan


Ph.D Scholar
MS-EE, BCS (Hon’s)

1 Virtual University - Human Computer Interaction Imran Hussain | UMT


In Today’s Lecture
• Goals of HCI
– Usability
– User Experience

• History and Evolution of HCI


HCI – A Definition

“Human-Computer Interaction is a discipline


concerned with the design, evaluation and
implementation of interactive computing
systems for human use and with the study
of major phenomena surrounding them”
-ACM/IEEE
Human-Computer Interaction

Usability User Experience

Interface

Interaction

Computer Human
The Shopping Analogy-USER EXPERIENCE
• Types of experiences
– Good or Bad

• Every user is unique


– Experiences are unique
User Experience – A Definition
• The user experience is the holistic combination of everything that
the user
– Sees
– Touches
– Feels
– Interacts with
Good and Bad Experiences

Good experience Satisfaction


Happiness
Elation

Bad experience Frustration


Resentment
Anger
Usability - Abstract-level Constituents

Ease of Use
(Could I use it?)

Usefulness
(Would I use it?)
Usability
• Ensuring that interactive products are easy to learn, effective to user

and enjoyable from the user’s perspective


Perspective ?
• People perceive the same item in different ways

• What do you see in the Image ?


Usability & User Experience

Usability
Goals

User Experience Goals


Usability Goals
• Effectiveness

• Efficiency

• Safety

• Utility

• Learnability

• Memorablity
Effectiveness
• How good the system is at doing what it is supposed to do

– iDrive system being effective since it would perform all the tasks

– Porsche example the system was effective enough to detect the high
intake of Air in Fuel system

– The Alarm clock is effective in the way that it would play music in
exactly the same way it is supposed to

• Are these systems really effective ? Think again !!


– Main goal of HCI is to evaluate things from the User’s perspective
Efficient
• The way system supports its users in carrying out their tasks
– Talk about the three systems

• Does the product help users sustain a high level of productivity?


Safety

• Protecting the user from dangerous conditions


and undesirable situation
– Which of the Cases we discussed earlier you think
was the most unsafe ?
• Plane
Safety
ok
Utility
• System providing the right kind of functionality so that the user can
do what they want
Learnability
• How easy a system is to learn to user

• Ten Minute Rule (Jacob Neilson)

• Was iDrive easy to Learn

• Simple Device VCR


– Task 1: Learning to Play

– Task 2: Pre-Record Two Programs


Memorability
• How easy the system is to remember once learnt

• Riding a bicycle
User Experience Goals
• Satisfying • Aesthetically Pleasing

• Enjoyable • Supportive to Creativity

• Fun • Rewarding

• Entertaining • Emotionally Fullfilling

• Helpful

• Motivating
Fun

Satisfying Emotionally
fullfilling
Efficient to
use
enjoyable Effective Rewarding
Easy to
to use
remember
Usability
Goals

Easy to Supportive of
Safe to creativity
Entertaining learn
use
Have good
utility
Aesthetically
helpful pleasing

Motivating
Today’s Revelation

“Don’t Make me THINK, is the key


to a usable product”
Usability and Quality
• What is Quality?
– You like a product
– Does not break down

• More about Quality later


Software Quality – A Definition
• The extent to which a software product exhibits these characteristics
– Functionality
– Reliability
– Usability
– Efficiency
– Maintainability
– Portability
Evolution and History of HCI
Groundwork for HCI: 1960s – Early 1970s
• developments
– Interactive graphic interfaces
– Interactive text processing systems
– Computer graphics (CAD/CAM)
Early Days of HCI
• Early days of computing computers were used and operated by
Engineers / Technical Staff only

• 1970’s: technology explosion


– Notion of user-interface arises, a.k.a. Man-Machine Interface (MMI)
– User-interface became a concern for system designers and researchers

• Growing realization
– Success depended on improving physical aspect of UI
– ‘user friendly’ was often just lip service and making UI aesthetically
pleasing
Role of Academic Researchers
• Academic researchers were more interested in how computers
enriched human life

• They investigated
– ‘people’ side of interaction
– Limitations and capabilities of humans

• Other issues found


– Training issues
– Working practices
– Management and organizational issues
‘Birth of HCI’
• ‘HCI’ term adopted in mid-1980s

• Another HCI definition


– A set of processes, dialogues, and actions through which a human user
employs and interacts with a computer.
Landmark Systems in Evolution
• Three systems were landmarks in evolution
– Dynabook-
– The Star-
– Apple Lisa-

• Highlighting theme in these three systems were that they were;


– Easy-to-use for all
– Visual spatial-interface
Dynabook – 1970s
• Brainchild of Alan Key and his Associates in Xerox’s Palo Alto
Research Center (PARC), California.

• Intention
– Develop highly-responsive note book-sized PC-with the keyboard on the
bottom and high resolution screen on the top-the concept of personal
computers.
• Color display
• Radio link to a world wide computer network
• Small talk (oops language which later result in windows)
– Could function as
• Secretary
• Mailbox
• Reference Library
• Telephone Center
• Amusement Center
The Star – “build what you use, use what you build”

• Same team of Dynabook

• Desktop Sized Personal Workstation for use in office environment

• Intended for Individual Use

• First Time a Mouse, an icon and window was Used

• Xerox as slow to capitalize/ commercialise on its invention


Apple Lisa – Early 1980s
• Apple exploited this discovery (Star)-idea taken from the
• He xerox

• Lisa developed

• Macintosh developed
– Smaller, cheaper and more powerful version than Lisa

• The concept of GUI


What We Learnt Today …
• Goals of HCI
– Usability
– User Experience

• History and Evolution of HCI


Next Lecture
• Quality and Usability

• Discipline of HCI

You might also like