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26 views12 pages

P-P Cprog

Uploaded by

nepaliajayabhattarai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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POWERPOINT

PRESENTATION ON
SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT LIFE
CYCLE (SDLC)
 Presented by : Ajaya Bhattarai
 Second Semester (BCA)
System Development life cycle (SDLC)

• The systematic approach of developing any computer based system


comprising different phases is called system development life cycle.
• It consists of a detailed plan as how to develop, build and enhance specific
software.
• Full knowledge of SDLC also helps developer for planning ahead of time,
determine costs and staffing decisions, defines goals , measures performance
and validate points at each phase of the cycle to boost the quality of the final
product.
• It is also a description of phase in the life cycle as shown in below figure;
Phases of sdlc
First phase: Preliminary analysis

 This is the first phase of SDLC.


 In this phase, the system analyst studies current system and all the information
that is gathered from customers, users or other stakeholders.
It includes two phases:
a) Requirement determination: This process usually involves careful study of current
system to find the problems and limitation of the current problems. In this phase, the
system analyst and end users sit together, discuss their problems and determine the
requirement to be met by system being planned.

b) Analysis: In this phase, system analyst studies the requirements and the best
alternative solutions for the fulfilment of user’s need. In this phase, the analyst’s
identify & define the problems and analysis feasibility that might be seen in the
system.
Second phase: System design

 This is the second phase and the most creative and challenging phase of
SDLC.
 In this phase, the system analyst converts description of the recommended
alternative solution into logical and physical system specification.
 To create logical design following tools are used:
a) Algorithm
b) Flowchart
c) Pseudo Codes
d) Decision Table
e) Decision Tree
f) Data Flow Diagram
g) E-R Diagram
Third phase: System development
(programming)

The process of translating problems studied in first phase and design made in
second phase into proper programming code in particular language is called
system development.
 In this phase, the group of programmer plays the major role to develop the
software according selected solution and design.
 The programmers writes the codes for the components or may use CASE tools
for building the components.
 In this phase, the technical documents describing the system are also made
which is also called system documents.
fourth phase: System testing

 Testing is an unavoidable part for system development.


 It is the process of analyzing the program, finding errors and defects in the
system so that there is no difference between actual output and the desired
output.
 Once the program modules are ready, they are tested and debugged.
 There are two testing methods:
a) Top-down Method
b) Bottom-up Method

 There are two testing approaches:


a) Black-box Testing Approach
b) White-box Testing Approach
fifth phase: System implementation

 In this phase, all the necessary hardware for the system are purchased and
then hardware and software are installed in the user environment.
 The installation of new system can be performed in different ways if the old
systems exists.
 Following system implementation methods are:
a) Direct Conversion
b) Parallel Conversion
c) Phased Conversion
d) Pilot Conversion
sixth phase: System Maintenance

o This is the longest life cycle phase of SDLC.


o The maintenance involves correcting the errors which were not discovered in
the earlier stage of the life cycle, and improving the implementation of the
system units and enhancing the system’s services as new requirements are
discovered.
o So during maintenance, programmer make changes that the user asks for and
modify the systems to reflect and support changing business condition.
o During the maintenance period, documentation is also done.
Seventh phase: System documentation

• Documentation is a process to help users of software and the other people to use
and interact with systems.
• It becomes the part of each step of system development throughout the process
of system development. It’s also an important part of software engineering.
• It explains about the system. It either explains how it operates or how to use it.
• Types of documentation are:
a) Analysis Documentation
b) Design Documentation
c) System Documentation
d) User Documentation
Conclusion of SDLC

To sum up, the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) plays a crucial
role in creating quality, reliable and functional software.
 By following the SDLC, companies optimize the development process,
reducing risks, improving the quality of the final product and saving valuable
time and resources.
 SDLC enhanced the control over large and complex projects.
 SDLC also helps in evaluation of costs and growth of the developed system.

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