Application

Packages and
Its Use
CSS11
Specific Learning Objectives: At the end of an hour, 80% of the learners will be
able to:

1. Carry out
installation of portable 2. Familiarize the 3. Recognize the user-
applications in accordance different icons of Operating friendly operating system
with software user guide System packages
and software license
4 Pics 1 Word!
4 Pics 1 Word!

OPERATING SYSTEM
OPERATING SYSTEM
• An operating system is a software that provide interface between the user
and the hardware. The computer cannot perform any task without operating
system. The operating system control and manage the operation of computer
hardware.
•It serves as a computer's fundamental user interface and it significantly affects
how you interact with the device.
•When software developers create applications, they must write and compile
them for a specific operating system. This is because each Operating System
(OS) communicates with the hardware differently and has a specific Application
Program Interface (API), that the programmer must use. While many popular
programs are cross platform, meaning they have been developed for multiple
OS, some are only available for a single operating system.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
• 1. Microsoft Windows
remains the most popular
operating system for home and
office computers. Its latest
versions, including Windows 10,
are also used on some tablets,
and the OS is used on some web
and number-crunching server
computers as well.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
•Computers from a wide variety of
manufacturers can use Windows. In response
to the growing interest in graphical user
interfaces (GUIs).
Microsoft introduced an operating
environment named Windows on November
20, 1985 as a graphical operating system shell
for MS-DOS (MicroSoft Disk Operating System).

Windows is a personal computer operating

system that, together with some commonly
used business applications such as Microsoft
Word and Excel, has become a "standard" for
individual users in most corporations as well as
in most homes.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
The first Windows was released in 1985
(Windows 1.0) and since then till today the
Microsoft OS has dominated the personal
computer market. Windows has been written in
Assembly, C and C++ languages and it is
simply a graphical user interface (GUI) that
manages and maintains the users’ computer
resources and components.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
The first Windows was released in 1985
(Windows 1.0) and since then till today the
Microsoft OS has dominated the personal
computer market. Windows has been written in
Assembly, C and C++ languages and it is
simply a graphical user interface (GUI) that
manages and maintains the users’ computer
resources and components.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
• 2. macOS- It is previously Mac
OS X, then OS X is a series of
graphical operating systems
developed and marketed by
Apple Inc. since 2001. It is the
primary operating system for
Apple's Mac family of
computers.
 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
• macOS is designed for desktop
and laptop computers. It is
where the keyboard and mouse
are the primary ways of
interfacing with the computer. It
is the second most widely used
desktop OS, after Microsoft
Windows.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
• iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a
mobile operating system created
and developed by Apple Inc.
exclusively for its hardware. It is
the operating system that
powers many of the company's
mobile devices, including the
iPhone and iPod Touch and it
also powered the iPad until the
introduction of iPadOS in 2019.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
• It is the world's second-most
widely installed mobile
operating system, after Android.
30% of the population is using
iOS.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
• 4. Android is a mobile operating
system based on a modified
version of the Linux kernel and
other open source software,
designed primarily for
touchscreen mobile devices such
as smartphones and tablets.
Android is developed by a
consortium of developers known
as the Open Handset Alliance and
commercially sponsored by
Google.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
• It is free and open source software and
its source code is known as Android
Open Source Project (AOSP) which is
primarily licensed under the Apache
License. However most Android devices
ship with additional proprietary software
pre-installed, most notably Google
Mobile Services (GMS) which includes
core apps such as Google Chrome, the
digital distribution platform Google Play
and associated Google Play Services
development platform. About 70% of
Android smart phones run Google's
ecosystem.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
• 5.The Unix computer operating
system has been in use for more
than three decades. Originally it
rose from the ashes of a failed
attempt in the early 1960s to
develop a reliable timesharing
operating system. A few survivors
from Bell Labs did not give up and
developed a system that provides a
work environment described as "of
unusual simplicity, power, and
elegance."
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
Since the 1980's UNIX's main competitor
is the Windows. In recent years, however,
a new version of Unix called Linux, also
specifically developed for micro-
computers, has emerged. It can be
obtained for free and is, therefore, a good
choice for people and businesses on a
budget. Unix-based operating systems
were developed to be robust, multi-user
environments optimized for both desktop
and server use. The philosophy of modern
Linux distributions favors open-source
solutions and free software.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
• GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI) It is a system of interactive visual components for
computer software. A GUI displays objects that convey information and represent actions that can
be taken by the user.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
 GUI objects include icons, cursors, and
buttons. These graphical elements are
sometimes enhanced with sounds, or visual
effects like transparency and drop shadows.
A GUI is considered to be more user-
friendly than a text-based command-
line interface such as MS-DOS or the
shell of Unix-like operating systems. The
GUI was first developed at Xerox PARC by
Alan Kay, Douglas Engelbart, and a group of
other researchers in 1981. Later, Apple
introduced the Lisa computer with a GUI on
January 19, 1983. With the help of GUI,
users can easily click the icons and open
the file without typing any command.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
 GUI objects include icons, cursors, and
buttons. These graphical elements are
sometimes enhanced with sounds, or visual
effects like transparency and drop shadows.
A GUI is considered to be more user-
friendly than a text-based command-
line interface such as MS-DOS or the
shell of Unix-like operating systems. The
GUI was first developed at Xerox PARC by
Alan Kay, Douglas Engelbart, and a group of
other researchers in 1981. Later, Apple
introduced the Lisa computer with a GUI on
January 19, 1983. With the help of GUI,
users can easily click the icons and open
the file without typing any command.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
 ICON - It is a pictogram or ideogram
displayed on a computer screen in order to
help the user navigate a computer system.
The icon itself is a quickly comprehensible
symbol of a software tool, function, or a data
file, accessible on the system. It can serve as
an electronic hyperlink or file shortcut to
access the program or data.
 • The user can activate an icon using
a mouse, pointer, finger, or recently voice
commands. Icons as parts of the graphical
user interface of the computer system, in
conjunction with windows, menus and a
pointing device (mouse).
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
• APPLICATION SOFTWARE - Application software caries out user-related tasks and can be
classified as general-purpose, specialist or tailor-made.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
• GENERAL-PURPOSE PACKAGES - A general-purpose application package is a type of software that can
perform many different related tasks. Word processors, spreadsheets, databases, graphics and presentation
software are all examples of application packages.
•
• This type of software is sometimes called generic software. This means that any one of the many
different word processing packages that you could buy will all do the same general sorts of tasks as each
other. Most computer users buy application packages ‘off-the-shelf’. There are several good reasons for
using this type of ready-made software:
•
 It is relatively cheap;
 It is readily available and can be installed quickly and easily;
 It will have been thoroughly tested so there will be very little chance of having any serious faults or ‘bugs’;
 It will be well supported with a lot of books about how to use it and on-line help and discussions on the
Internet is available as well.
•
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
• COMMON TYPES OF GENERAL PURPOSE SOFTWARE
•
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
• COMMON TYPES OF GENERAL PURPOSE SOFTWARE

• 1. WORD PROCESSING PACKAGES

MS Word - It used to produce text based documents such as letters,
reports and memos.
• 2. SPREADSHEET PACKAGES
MS Excel – It is used for tasks that involve a lot of calculations, organize
and format data and for the production of graphs and charts.
• 3. PRESENTATION GRAPHICS PACKAGES
PowerPoint - It is used to create slide shows and presentations to display
text, graphics and multimedia with different effects.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
• 4. DESKTOP PUBLISHING (DTP) PACKAGES
 MS Publisher – It is used to produce professional quality publications such as posters, books, newsletters, newspapers
and magazines. Emphasizing page layout and design. The program includes templates for frequent business needs, like
business cards, calendars and brochures/newsletters. Publisher is considered a cheaper, easier-to-use version of design
software.
• 5. DATABASE PACKAGES
 MS Access – it is used to store and retrieve vast amount of information. It is Microsoft’s database management system
that provides a graphical user interface (GUI) and software development tools that allows for stored data or imported
data from other databases. With Access, you can use data to create forms, tables, queries and reports.
• 6. GRAPHICS PACKAGES
 Paint - It is used to produce and manipulate artwork.
• 7. COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN (CAD) PACKAGE
 AutoCAD – It is used to produce engineering designs and architectural plans
• 8. COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE
 Microsoft Edge – It is used to access the Internet to send and receive e-mail.
 ACTIVITY
Direction: Write the advantages and
dis-advantages of the
different types of the
Operating System (OS). 5pts Each.