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    HEMOPOIESIS

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    HEMOPOIESIS

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    14 views26 pages

    HEMOPOIESIS

    Uploaded by

    inkwellinsights23

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    HEMOPOIESIS

    -ATMA GROUP
    ANJANEYA AYURVED COLLAGE AND
    HOSPITAL
    BAMS 1st YEAR ,NASHIK

    1
    HEMOPOIESIS
    Hemopoiesis is the process of origin
    development and maturation of all blood cell.
    Also called as hematopoiesis.
    Hemo: blood cells
    Poiesis: “The development or production”
    .Major site for formation of blood cells
    1. In adults-bone marrow
    2. In fetus-liver and spleen

    2
    All blood cells originates from single type of cells of bone
    marrow called “HSC”-Pluripotent Hematopoietic
    Stem Cell.
    In a healthy adult person, approximately 10 11–1012 new
    blood cells are produced daily.

    3
    STAGES OF RBC MATURATION

    Lymphoid stem cells


    Pluero potent
    stem cells
    Myloid stem cells

    Colony Forming Blastocytes


    [CFU-E]

    Erythrocytes --> Proerythroblast --> Mesophilic -->Polychromatic -->Orthochroma-


    erythroblast Erythroblast -tic normocyte

    4
    IN NEW BORN BABIES AND CHILDREN
    RBC produced in only from the red bone marrow.

    In adults-
    Red bone marrow (All Long bones and all flat bones)

    5
    Changes during erythropoiesis :-

    6
    WBC-WHITE BLOOD CELLS

    7
    WHAT ARE GRANULOCYTES??
     Granulocytes are a type of white blood cell that has
    small granules inside Cytoplasm.
     All Granulocytes has multilobed Neuclei in theri
    Cytoplasm.
     When infection or inflammation enters the body,
    granulocytes rush to the area, releasing their granules to
    fight infection.
    Based on cellular morphology and Cytoplasmic Staining
    characteristic they are classified as
    1. Neutrophils
    2. Basophils
    8 3. Eosinophils
    LEUKOPOIESIS
    • The Process of Formation of leukocytes is called
    Leukopoiesis.
     • Formation Of Granulocytes :- Granulopoiesis

    9
    STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
     The Pleuropotient Stem cells in the Bone Marrow
    Give rise to Comited stem cells
     Further the commited stem cells are bordly classified
    into two types Myeloid stem cells and Lymphoid Stem
    cells
     Myeloid stem cells Further commites to form the
    RBC GRANULOCYTES, MONOCYTES, and
    platelets.
     Lymphoid Stem Cells Further cmmmites and forms
    Lymphocytes .

    10
    11
    REGULATION OF LEUKOPOIESIS
    : Released form Macrophages and the T Lymphocytes
    that are present in Red Bone Marrow Leukopoiesis is
    stimulated by
    1. INTERLEUKININ
    2. COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR
    • These IL and CSF are Released form Macrophages
    and the T Lymphocytes that are present in Red Bone
    Marrow

    12
    MONOCYTES
    Nucleus- single large, kidney shape
    Cytoplasm-No Granules but Vacoules
    Size: 16-20 μm
    Function-Phagocytosis.
    Life span: 10-20 hoursin blood (3 days)

    13
    14
    Lymphocytes
    Lymphocytes are white blood cells that are also one of
    the body's main types of immune cells.- They are made
    in the bone marrow and found in the blood and lymph
    tissue.

    15
    T lymphocytes
    T cells originate in the bone marrow and mature in the
    thymus.

    Types of T lymphocytes

    Cytotoxic T cellsHelper T cellRegulatory T cell

    16
    B lymphocytes
    B lymphocytes recognize Antigen and become plasma
    cells that produce Antibody.
    These cells are not involved in the immune response
    until they are fully developed.

    17
    Natural Killer CELLS
    Natural killer cells are a
     component of innate immune system.
     NK cells play a major role in the host
     rejection of both tumours and virally
    infected cells
     They are present in the bone marrow,
    liver, uterus, spleen, lung and the
    thymus.

    18
    PLATELETS
     These are cellular fragments produced from
    megakaryocytes of bone marrow.They are also called as
    cytoplasmic fragments.
     These cellular fragments are small oval shaped without
    a nucleus.
     Average count of platelets in human body is 2,50,000/cu
    mm.
    1. Thrombocytopenia:- decrease in platelet count.
    2. Thrombocytosis:- increase in platelet count.
     Platelets secret serotonin which is a local
    vasoconstrictor.
    19
    20
    Properties of Platelets
     Adhesiveness:- Adhesiveness is the property of sticking to the rough
    surface
     Aggregation:- Aggregation is grouping of platelets.
     Agglutination:- Agglutination is clumping together of activated
    platelets.

    Functions of platelets
    1.Role in blood clotting.
    2.Role in clot retraction.
    3.Role in hemostatis.
    4.Role in repair of ruptured blood vessel
    5.Role in defense mechanism.

    21
    22 [email protected] 5/28/2018
    APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
    Normal count 1.5-4.5 lac/cubic mm.
    Physiological variation age, sex, food, exercise, altitude
    Variation with disease
    Thrombocytosis
    Thrombocytopenia

    23
    APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
     Extramedullary hematopoiesis
    This is not a normal phenomeon Spleen and liver can also resume
    their foetal haematopoietic role in certain pathological conditions
    like myeloproliferative neoplasm.

     Neutrophilia-absolute count is greater than10000/µl of blood


     Neutropenia-absolute count is less than 2500/µl of blood.
     Eosinophilia-absolute count is greater than 500/µl of blood.
     Eosinopenia-absolute count is less than 50/µl of blood.
     Basophilia-absolute count is greater than 100/µl of blood.
     Basopenia-decrease in basophil count.

    24
    REFERENCES
    Essentials of medical physiology
    -K SEMBULINGAM
     Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology
    -JOHN E. HALL
     Google images.

    25
    Thank you

    -ATMA GROUP
    26

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