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    Chemistry Project Reactivity Final

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    Dynamic Veer

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chemistry Project Reactivity Final

    Uploaded by

    Dynamic Veer
    5 views15 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    5 views15 pages

    Chemistry Project Reactivity Final

    Uploaded by

    Dynamic Veer

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Reactivity

    By Veer,Jay,Aarav and Moksh


    What is a
    Reaction
    • Reactivity refers to the rate at
    which a chemical substance
    tends to undergo a chemical
    reaction in time
    How to identify
    the faster
    reacting
    elements
    •The more reactive elements react quickly
    with oxygen in the air or without heating
    and they displace hydrogen
    The Reactivity
    Series
    Reactions of
    metal with
    oxygen
    • Most metals when they react with oxygen in
    the air turn dull such as sodium,potassium and
    calcium.
    • When they are cut with a knife the surface
    which hasn’t reacted becomes exposed to the
    air.The surface becomes shiny
    The More Reactive
    Metals
    • Some metals are too reactive for you to
    test in water. Sodium and potassium
    react very vigorously. They have to be
    stored under oil to prevent them from
    reacting with the water vapour in the
    air.
    • Sodium reacts vigorously with water.
    Potassium is even more reactive than
    sodium.
    • So much thermal energy is generated
    that the hydrogen gas produced in the
    reaction catches fire
    The Mildly
    Reactive
    elements
    • Magnesium and Calcium are
    relatively less reactive than Sodium
    and Potassium
    • They react vigorously with oxygen
    in the air and water.
    • They can displace also displace
    Hydrogen from acids and water
    Harmful effects
    of Rusting
    • Iron reacts with oxygen in the presence of moisture to form
    a orange brown solid called iron oxide.
    • Iron oxide(here called rust) is a dangerous and a harmful
    reaction that takes place between iron and oxygen.Iron
    found in many places such as bridges,girders,iron sheets etc.
    • Rusting in such cases is dangerous as it could cause
    buildings and bridges to collapse(due to rusting of girders
    which support the buildings and bridges)
    • Iron does not react instantaneously with oxygen ,it takes
    time
    • Note:- Rust is only formed in the presence of
    water/moisture even though water does not take part in
    the reaction.

    This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY


    How to prevent
    rusting
    • Galvanization
    • Painting
    Galvanisation

    • Rusting can be prevented using


    a method called galvinization .
    • It involves covering of the
    surface of iron with zinc.
    • This prevents the iron from
    reacting with the oxygen
    Painting
    • Rusting can also be prevented by
    painting
    • This prevents the layer of iron
    below from reacting with the
    oxygen in the air
    A experiment you can try
    •In the first test tube keep the test tube open and keep the iron nail inside
    •In the second test tube keep the test tube open and put the iron nail along with water
    •In the third test tube close the test tube after putting the iron nail along with calcium
    chloride
    •In the fourth test tube take boiled water and put a layer of oil over the water and close the
    test tube
    •You will see the following that in the first test tube that the nail is only slightly rusted
    •In the second test tube the nail is very rusted
    •In the third and fourth test tubes it is not rusted
    •The Reason is the lack of moisture or oxygen or both
    8.4 Reactions
    of Metals
    with Acids
    Reactions of Metals with acid
    • Reaction of Metals Such as Sodium,Potassium,Magnesium and Calcium with acids causes them to
    displace hydrogen from the acids and displace their respective salts.
    • Metal + Acid------Metal Salt + Hydrogen
    • Example:
    • Sodium + Hydrochloric Acid----- Sodium Chloride(Salt) + Hydrogen
    • Magnesium + Sulfuric Acid ------ Magnesium Sulphate + Hydrogen
    • Iron +Sulfuric Acid --------Iron Sulphate +Hydrogen
    • Zinc + Nitric Acid ---------- Zinc Nitrate + Hydrogen
    • Silver + Hydrochloric acid -----------Silver chloride + Hydrogen
    Quick tips
    Metals such as Sodium,Potassium,Calcium and Magnesium
    form their hydroxide and hydrogen

    While iron ,copper(less reactive) form only oxides and


    hydrogen is released

    Metal +Acid ------- Salt of Metal + Hydrogen

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