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Pre Calculus Module 1 Week 1

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47 views47 pages

Pre Calculus Module 1 Week 1

Uploaded by

borromarty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRE-

CALCULUS
Specialized Subject
Quarter 1

2
ANALYTIC
GEOMETRY
The lessons that we will tackle are:
o Lesson 1 – Introduction of Conic Sections and the
Circle
o Lesson 2 – The Parabola
o Lesson 3 – The Ellipse
o Lesson 4 – The Hyperbola
o Lesson 5 – Equation and Important Characteristics
of Different Types of Conic Sections
o Lesson 6 – Solving Situational Problems Involving
Conic Sections
4
Introduction of Conic
Sections and the Circle
Lesson 1
What I Need to Know

Upon completion of this lesson, you should be able


to:
o illustrate the different types of conic sections:
parabola, ellipse, circle, hyperbola, and
degenerate cases;
o determine the type of conic section defined by a
given 2nd degree equation in x and y;
o define a circle;
o determine the standard form of equation of
circle;
6
What I Need to Know

Upon completion of this lesson, you should be able


to:
o graph a circle in a rectangular coordinate
system;
o derive and illustrate the equation of the circle;
o find the center and the radius of the circle of an
equation;
o convert the general equation of the circle to
standard form and vice versa.
7
Recall:
To find the roots of a certain quadratic equation, the
following steps will be used using completing the
square method.
1. Rewrite the equation in the form x2 + bx = c.
2. Add to both sides the term needed to complete
the square.
3. Factor the perfect square trinomial.
4. Solve the resulting equation by using the
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square root property.
EXAMPLE

1. Solve the equation x2 + 8x + 5 = 0 by


completing the square.

2. Find the roots of x2 + 10x – 4 = 0 using


completing the square method.

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10
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HYPERBOLA
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PARABOLA
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ELLIPSE
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CIRCLE
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CONIC SECTIONS
(CONICS)
is a curve formed by a plane passing
through a double-napped circular cone
CIRCLE
✘ is a special case of ellipse in which the
plane is perpendicular to the axis of the
cone.

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ELLIPSE
✘ when the (tilted) plane intersects only one
cone to form a bounded curve.

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PARABOLA
✘ the plane is parallel to a generator line of
the cone.

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HYPERBOLA
✘ the intersection is an unbounded curve and
the plane is not parallel to a generator line
of the cone and the plane intersects both
halves of the cone.

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DEGENERATE CONICS

POINT ONE TWO


LINE LINES

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The graph of the second degree equation of the form
is determined by the values .

CONIC
Value of B2–4AC Eccentricity
SECTIONS
CIRCLE ; A=C
PARABOLA
ELLIPSE ; B≠0 or A≠C
HYPERBOL
A

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EXAMPLE 1.1
Determine the type of conic section that each
general equation will produce.

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DEFINITION AND EQUATION OF A CIRCLE

✘ A circle may also be considered a special


kind of ellipse (for the special case when
the tilted plane is horizontal).

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DEFINITION OF A CIRCLE

𝑪(𝒉,𝒌)

Let C be a given point. The set of all points P having the


same distance from C is called a circle. The point C is called
the center of the circle, and the common distance is its radius.
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EXAMPLE 1.2
Graph the circle .

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EXAMPLE 1.2
In each item, give the standard equation of the
circle satisfying the given conditions:
1. center at the origin, radius 4
2. center , radius
3. circle in Figure 1.7
4. circle A in Figure 1.10
5. circle B in Figure 1.10
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After expanding the standard equation,
,
can be written as
,
an equation of the circle in general form.

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If the equation of a circle is given in the
general form,
, A≠0,

we can determine the standard form by


completing the square in both variables.

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EXAMPLE 1.3
Identify the center and radius of the circle with
the given equation in each item. Sketch its graph,
and indicate the center.

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PARABOL CIRCLE ELLIPSE HYPERBO
A LA

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THANK
S!
That’s all for Lesson
1.
Any questions?

47

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