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Introduction To Digital Computers

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DEPT BCA RABIATHUL BASIRIYA
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19 views8 pages

Introduction To Digital Computers

Uploaded by

DEPT BCA RABIATHUL BASIRIYA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Digital

Computers
Digital computers are advanced electronic devices that process and
manipulate data using binary code. They have revolutionized our world,
enabling us to automate tasks, store vast amounts of information, and
communicate globally.

by DEPT BCA RABIATHUL BASIRIYA


History of Digital Computer
Generation
1 First Generation
Vacuum tube-based computers, bulky and unreliable, but
pioneered the digital revolution.

2 Second Generation
Transistor-based computers, smaller and more efficient, ushered
in the era of minicomputers.

3 Third Generation
Integrated circuit computers, compact and powerful, paved the
way for personal computers.
Classification of Digital Computers
Mainframe Minicomputers Microcomputers Analog computer
Computers
Midrange computers, Personal computers, Digital computer
Powerful, large-scale smaller and less laptops, and tablets,
computers used by expensive than designed for individual
organizations for high- mainframes, used for use and everyday tasks.
volume data processing specific applications.
and storage.
Anatomy of a Digital Computer
1 Motherboard
The main circuit board that connects all the components of a computer.

2 Processor
The central processing unit (CPU) that executes instructions and performs
calculations.

3 Memory
Temporary storage for data and programs, including RAM and ROM.

4 Storage Devices
Permanent storage for files and programs, such as hard drives and solid-state drives.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) and
Memory
CPU
The brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions and controlling the flow of data.

RAM
Volatile memory that stores data and programs currently in use by the CPU.

ROM
Non-volatile memory that contains the basic instructions for booting up the computer.

Cache
High-speed memory that stores frequently accessed data and instructions to improve performance.
Secondary Storage Devices

Hard Disk Drive Solid-State Drive Optical Disc USB Flash Drive
Magnetic storage for large Flash-based storage with Storage using laser Portable, removable
volumes of data with fast no moving parts, offering technology, such as CDs, storage using flash
access times. faster speeds and lower DVDs, and Blu-ray discs. memory for easy data
power consumption. transfer.
Input Devices
Keyboard
A traditional input device for text entry and command
input.

Mouse
A pointing device used to navigate and interact with
graphical user interfaces.

Touchscreen
Allows direct interaction with on-screen elements through
touch, enabling intuitive control.
Output Devices
Monitor Displays visual information,
such as text, images, and
graphics.

Printer Produces hard copies of


documents, images, and other
digital content.

Speakers Converts digital audio signals


into sound waves for audio
output.

Projector Projects images and


presentations onto a screen for
larger audiences.

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