Ergonomic Requirement

• What is Ergonomics
• Ergonomics is the scientific study of human performance at
work.
• It is the science of arranging or adjusting the work
environment to fit the employee’s body or making your
equipment work for you and not you working for it.
• Ergonomics is the science of designing environments,
products, and systems to fit the people who use them,
enhancing both efficiency and safety.
• The goal of ergonomics is to create comfortable, productive,
and user-friendly environments that minimize discomfort
and the risk of injury while maximizing performance and
well-being.
 Why is it important?
• Ergonomics is important for several reasons:

• Health and Safety: reduces the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) such as back pain.
• By optimizing workspaces and tools to fit the human body's capabilities and limitations.
• Ergonomics helps prevent workplace injuries and discomfort.

• Productivity: Ergonomically designed environments and tools enhance efficiency and

productivity.
• When workers are comfortable and their movements are not restricted by poorly designed
equipment or workspaces, they can focus more effectively on their tasks and maintain higher
levels of performance for longer periods.

• Comfort and Well-being: Comfortable workspaces and ergonomic equipment contribute to the
physical and psychological well-being of individuals. Reduced physical strain and discomfort
lead to greater job satisfaction, decreased absenteeism, and improved morale among workers.

• Cost Savings: Implementing ergonomic principles can result in significant cost savings for
businesses. By preventing injuries and reducing absenteeism, employers can save money on
healthcare expenses, workers' compensation claims, and productivity losses associated with
employee downtime.
 OHS Requirements for computer
operation
• WHAT IS OHS
• OHS stands for Occupational Health and Safety.
• It refers to the field of practices, policies, and regulations aimed at ensuring the
health, safety, and welfare of people engaged in work or employment.
• OHS encompasses various aspects, including the identification and mitigation of
workplace hazards, the promotion of safe work practices, the provision of
adequate training and resources for employees, and compliance with relevant
laws and regulations.

• The primary objectives of OHS are to prevent work-related injuries, illnesses, and
fatalities by creating safe and healthy work environments.
•
• OHS is essential for protecting workers' physical and mental well-being,
enhancing productivity, reducing absenteeism and turnover rates, and avoiding
financial losses associated with workplace accidents and illnesses.
• Overall, OHS is a critical component of any organization's management system, as
it helps to safeguard the most valuable asset: its people.
 OHS Supervisors Responsibilities
• Implementing and maintaining
ergonomic principles
• Ensuring that people in your area are
properly trained in ergonomic principles
• Ensuring that people in your area follow
safe ergonomic practices
• Actively practicing and developing
positive attitudes towards ergonomic
issues
 Ergonomic requirement.
 Avoiding radiation from computer screens
 Chair height, seat and back adjustment
 Document holder
 Footrest
 Keyboard and mouse position
 Lighting
 noise minimization
 Posture
 Screen position
 workstation height and layout
Chair height, seat and back adjustment
• A char is the workstation item that contribute most to your
contort and health.
• The following things should be considered on chair
adjustment:
• Adjust height range suited to the desk
• A stable, independently adjustable backrest
• Freely moveable
• If the chair height is correctly set but the desk is too high
rase the height of the chair and use a footrest to compensate.
• Armrest are not recommended as they are likely to interfere
with the ability to move the chair closed enough to the des
see the photograph below
 Posture
• The feet are supported on the floor, or a footrest (if knees are at
greater that 900 )
• No pressure caused by the front edge of the chair
• The upper body is upright with the lower back firmly supported by
the backrest
• The shoulders are relaxed and not hunched/bent
• The elbows and upper arm are close to the body
• The head is upright or slightly inclined forward with minimum of
strain/damage on the Height adjustable desks are the preferred
option.
• No sharp edges, protrusions or rough surfaces
• It is recommended that work surface be continuous due to increase
mouse
• usage, keyboard and mouse are on the same level
 Lighting
• Overhead lighting should be fitted with glare reducing diffusers and
light should fall from the side rather than from the front to avoid
reflection.
• Windows should be on the side of the user if possible, not directly
behind or in front of the screen. Monitor should not facing to the
window.
• It is important that the area you work in has good lighting. In general,
lighting is good when you can view your work and your environment
easily without the need to strain your eyes.
• Your lighting needs will vary - you will need better lighting for
proofreading a document than for using the computer. Glare and
reflections can cause headaches and fatigue when working at a
computer.
• You may need to reposition your desk, change the angle of your screen
or block the offending light.
 Safe work organization
• Task Variety
• You should vary your activities throughout the day.
• Try to mix typing and other computer work with
tasks such as collecting the documents at the
printer, reviewing, photocopying and distributing
documents.
• Look for opportunities to stand or walk around as
a break from sitting at the computer.
• You should also try to include tasks with different
mental, as well as physical, demands.
 Cont’d
• Breaks
• Make sure that you take regular breaks from your work.
• Frequent short pauses are preferable to infrequent long pauses.
• Answering the phone or collecting a document from the printer makes a
good short break. Defined breaks such as lunch or morning tea are also
necessary.
• Avoid taking these ‘breaks’ at your desk so that you don’t keep working.
• The length and frequency of breaks that you need will depend on the
work, on you and on other factors.
• Exercises
• Regular exercise can reduce the effect of repetitive work such as typing.
• However, you should still take the other safe-work precautions already
mentioned.
Identifying Keyboard functions
• Keyboarding is an input device that enables
you to enter information to the computer and
its layout is viewed hereunder.
• The use of keyboard is the most common method
adopted for input of data into a computer.
Commonly, a computer has a keyboard that looks
like a typewriter keyboard.
• However, a computer keyboard contains
additionally certain keys which are also used to give
commands to the operating system of a computer.
 A computer keyboard contains the
following types of keys:
• Function keys (F1 to F12) are special keys that are programmed to do specific
things. For example, if you tap the F1 key, the Help menu will appear.
• Pointer control keys. Use the cursor control keys on the keyboard to move your
cursor (mouse pointer) around a document.
• Use the four arrow keys to move one space or one line.
• Use the Page Up and Page Down keys to move one screen (rather than a page)
up or down.
• Alphanumeric keypad. Use the alphabet keys to type words.
• Although the tops of the keys show the letters as capitals they will appear as
lower case letters unless you use the shift or caps lock keys.
• The home keys are the alphabet keys that your fingers will use as a ‘base’.
• Each finger rests on its home key when not typing.
• Learn to use Numerical key properly (touch-type) if you regularly enter
numbers.
• It’s quicker, and easier on your wrists, than using the numbers above the letter
keys.
 Cont’d
• Space key:- Tap this to put a space between words.
• Shift Keys:- To capitalize letters you can use shift keys (left or
right) for a single letter. For example to capitalize letter F you
should press right shift key with your right small finger and
press F with your left index finger at the same time.
• Caps Lock key:- To capitalize a word or phrases at a time you can
use shift lock/cap lock. To do this, depress the shift lock key or
cap lock key and leave it down until you have typed the
combination to be capitalized.
• Punctuation keys: The keys used for inserting various
punctuation marks are period (full stop), comma, semicolon,
brackets, apostrophe, parenthesis etc. Also, it includes all of the
mathematical operators such as the plus sign, minus sign, and
equal sign.
 Cont’d
• Special keys: Understanding the keyboard also means
learning the special functions of certain keys.
Commonly used special keys are explained as under:

• Ctrl Key: The full form of Ctrl is Control. This key is used
in combination with other keys. For example, Ctrl+S to
save a document
• Alt Keys: The full form of Alt is Alternate. It is used like
a control key. You depress Ctrl+Alt+Del simultaneously
when you want to get out of computer as the
application on which you are working is held up or
muddled up
 Cont’d
• Arrow Keys: There are normally four arrow keys to
move the cursor - up, down, right or left. The Arrow
Keys can also be used in conjunction with the Shift or
Alt keys
• Enter Key: Also called Return Key.It is used to move the
cursor to the beginning of the next line and give line
spaces.
• BackspaceKey:Thiskeydeletesthecharacterjustlefttothe
cursorpositionandhencemovesthe cursor to that
position.
• Delete(Del)Key:Thiskeydeletesthecharactertotherightat
thecurrentcursorpositionorthe selected objects.
 Developing speed and accuracy

• Checking Accuracy of Your Work

• When you have completed typing a
document, you need to check to make
sure that it is free from errors.
• Most organizations have a policy that says
all documents should be free from
spelling and punctuation errors.
• when errors are left in a document, the
organization looks unprofessional.
 Checking the content
• If you are the writer, it is essential that you check the
content. Think about the purpose of the document
and consider whether what you have written will
achieve this. Ask yourself:
• Have all the relevant points been covered?
• Who will be reading the document?
• Are the style and ‘feel’ appropriate?
• How will the reader feel when he or she reads it?
(Imagine that you are the reader)
• This is particularly important when writing a letter or
a document that you want someone to respond to.
 Checking the spelling
• Spelling and Grammar check to help you
identify spelling errors. It is a good tool
but can’t be relied on as it has
limitations:
• Any word that is not in its dictionary is
identified as a possible error
• It will only tell you if a word has been
spelt wrongly.
 Typical finger positions
• Let your hands hang loosely at your sides. Your fingers
will relax in curved position.
• With fingers curved in this relaxed position, lightly
place fingertips of your hands on home keys ( left home
keys are A,S,D and F and right home keys are J, K, L
and ;).
 Home key
• Home keys their corresponding fingers
• A left small/little finger
• S left ring finger
• D left middle finger
• F left pointer finger
• J right pointer finger
• K right middle finger
• L right ring finger
• ; right small/little finger
Computer keyboard
Some Keyboard shortcut
To do this Press

Cancel an action. ESC

Undo an action. CTRL+Z

Redo or repeat an action CTRL+Y

Print CTRL+P

Copy CTRL+C

Cut CTRL+X

Paste CTRL+V

Open new document CTRL+N

Indentation CTRL+M

Close opened windows Alt+F4

Make the text bold style CTRL+B

Make the text italic style CTRL+I

Underline text CTRL+U

THE END