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Combinational and Sequential Circuits

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27 views10 pages

Combinational and Sequential Circuits

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reni82833
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Combinational and

Sequential Circuits
 Digital logic circuits can be classified into “combinational” and “sequential”. A
combinational logic circuit is one whose output solely depends on its current inputs.
sequential circuits, on the other hand, sequential circuits are built using combinational
circuits and memory elements called “flip-flops”. These circuits generate output that
depends on the current and previous states.
A Digital logic (or Switching) circuit has voltage levels to be switched from one value to another but
has a finite number of distinct values (generally 0 for false and 1 for true).

These circuits operate a definite set of logic rules so it is also known as Logic circuits. These are
basic circuits that are used in mobile phones, calculators, computers, etc.
Types of Logic Circuits

(i) Combinational circuit, and


(ii) Sequential circuit
1. Combinational Circuits:A combinational circuit consists of logic gates
whose outputs at any time are determined from only the present combination
of inputs and they have no memory.
 These circuits are developed using AND, OR, NOT, NAND, and NOR logic
gates.
 These logic gates are building blocks of combinational circuits.
 A combinational circuit consists of input variables and output variables.
 Since these circuits are not dependent upon previous input to generate any
output, so are combinational logic circuits.
 A combinational circuit can have an n number of inputs and m number of
outputs. In combinational circuits, the output at any time is a direct function
of the applied external inputs.
2. Sequential circuits:
A sequential circuit consists of logic gates whose outputs at any time are
determined from both the present combination of inputs and previous output.
That means sequential circuits use memory elements to store the value of
previous output.

A sequential circuit is specified by a time sequence of inputs, outputs, and


internal states. The output of a sequential circuit depends not only on the
combination of present inputs but also on the previous outputs. Unlike
combinational circuits, sequential circuits include memory elements with
combinational circuits. Some examples are counters and shift registers.
• The memory elements are circuits capable of storing binary information.
• The binary information stored in these memory elements at any given
time defines the state of the sequential circuit at that time.
• The external output of a sequential circuit depends both on the present
input and the previous output state.
• The next state of the memory elements also depends on the external input
and the present state of the external output.
• Some sequential circuits may not contain combinational circuits, but only
memory elements.

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