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Exploratory Data Analysis Gam

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1 views

Exploratory Data Analysis Gam

Uploaded by

shailaja.m
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exploratory Data

Analysis
Demystified
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is a crucial step in the data analysis
process that helps us better understand the data before diving into
advanced modeling techniques. In this presentation, we'll explore the
key components of EDA and how they can provide valuable insights to
data scientists and analysts.

by shailaja muthyala
Getting Acquainted with the Data
1 Load the Data
The first step in EDA is to load the dataset into a usable format, such as a pandas DataFrame
in Python or a data.table in R. This gives us a structured way to interact with the data and
explore its contents.

2 Inspect the Data


Once the data is loaded, we can use functions like head(), tail(), and info() to get a high-level
overview of the dataset - the first few rows, the last few rows, and a summary of the data types
and structure.

3 Understand Data Types


Analyzing the data types of each column helps us determine how to handle and manipulate the
data effectively. Are the columns numeric, categorical, or a mix of data types? This knowledge
is crucial for the next steps of data cleaning and preparation.
Cleaning and Preparing the Data
Handle Missing Values Remove Duplicates Filter Irrelevant Data

Missing data can significantly impact Duplicated data can skew your Sometimes, your dataset may contain
the accuracy of your analysis. EDA analysis and lead to inaccurate irrelevant or unnecessary
helps you identify and address conclusions. EDA allows you to information. EDA helps you pinpoint
missing values by using techniques identify and remove duplicate rows, and remove these data points,
like filling, imputing, or removing ensuring your dataset is clean and focusing your analysis on the most
them, depending on the specific ready for further exploration. relevant and valuable information.
requirements of your project.
Exploring Data Subsets
1 Select Specific Columns
EDA enables you to focus your analysis on the most relevant columns by selecting only
the data you need. This helps you avoid getting bogged down in irrelevant information and
streamline your exploration.

2 Filter Rows by Criteria


Filtering rows based on specific criteria allows you to dive deeper into subsets of your
data, uncovering insights that may not be visible in the full dataset. This targeted approach
is crucial for effective EDA.

3 Sample the Data


When working with large datasets, it may be more efficient to sample a smaller,
representative subset of the data. EDA helps you identify the right sampling approach to
balance speed and accuracy in your analysis.
Summarizing the Data
Descriptive Statistics
EDA provides valuable descriptive statistics, such as mean, median, mode, standard deviation,
and more, which give you a deeper understanding of the distribution and central tendency of
your data.

Frequency Counts
For categorical data, EDA allows you to determine the frequency of occurrence for different
categories, providing insight into the relative importance and prevalence of each value in your
dataset.

Correlation Analysis
EDA can uncover relationships between variables in your data by calculating correlation
coefficients. This helps you identify potential dependencies and connections that may be relevant
for further analysis.
Visualizing the Data

Histograms Box Plots Scatter Plots


Histograms are a powerful tool for Box plots provide a concise and Scatter plots are used to visualize the
visualizing the distribution of a single informative way to summarize the relationship between two numerical
numerical variable. They help you distribution of a numerical variable. variables. They can reveal patterns,
identify the shape, center, and spread of They highlight the median, interquartile trends, and potential correlations,
your data, revealing insights about the range, and potential outliers, giving you informing your understanding of the
underlying patterns. a quick overview of the data's spread. underlying data.
Exploring Categorical Data

Bar Charts
Bar charts are an effective way to visualize and compare the frequencies or counts of different categorical
variables. They help you quickly identify the most and least common categories in your dataset.

Pie Charts
Pie charts are useful for displaying the relative proportions or percentages of different categories within a
dataset. They provide a intuitive, visual representation of the composition of your categorical data.

Line Charts
Line charts are particularly useful for visualizing trends over time, especially when you have categorical
variables that change or evolve across different time periods or other sequential dimensions.
Uncovering Patterns and Relationships
Variable 1 Variable 2 Correlation Coefficient

Age Income 0.72

Education Level Salary 0.61

Hours Worked Productivity 0.84

Customer Satisfaction Retention Rate 0.89

Exploring the relationships between variables in your dataset is a crucial part of EDA. Calculating correlation coefficients can help
you identify and quantify the strength of these relationships, guiding your further analysis and modeling efforts.
Telling a Data Story
Identify Insights
Through the EDA process, you've uncovered a wealth of insights about your data. Now, it's
time to synthesize these findings and determine the key narratives and takeaways to share
with your audience.

Select Visualizations
Choose the most appropriate visualizations to effectively communicate your insights.
Consider the type of data, the relationships you want to highlight, and the overall story
you're trying to tell.

Craft a Narrative
Weave your insights and visualizations into a cohesive, engaging narrative that captures the
essence of your data exploration. This will help your audience understand the significance of
your findings and their practical implications.
The Power of Exploratory Data Analysis
Exploratory Data Analysis is a crucial step in the data analysis process, as it allows you to deeply understand your data, uncover
hidden patterns and relationships, and ultimately make more informed and impactful decisions. By following the EDA steps
outlined in this presentation, you can develop a strong foundation for your data-driven projects and unlock the true potential of
your data.

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