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3 Addressing Modes

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7 views7 pages

3 Addressing Modes

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kimdrew715
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SCS3202

Assembly language
programming
Addressing modes
 Most assembly instruction require to use input values/ arguments which
can either be:
i. Constants or
ii. Values stored in memory – usually represented by variables
representing a memory address, or some form of calculation of an
address;
iii. Values stored in registers
 These then leads to three modes of addressing
 Register addressing – specify register name
 Immediate addressing – the value of the constant is given in the
instruction
 Memory addressing – uses a variable for the calculation of an address
 For data movement instructions, the first argument is usually the
destination, while the second argument is the source of the value
Addressing modes
 Register addressing: In register addressing, one or more of the
inputs to an instruction is a register name
 This illustrated by the instructions below:
MOV DX, len ;
MOV EAX, 1 ;
MOV EAX, EBX;
 Immediate addressing: In immediate addressing, one of the
arguments is a constant
 This is illustrated by the instructions below:
num DB 20 ; define a variable num which stores a byte value – data segment
ADD [num], 10 ; add 10 to the variable num. The result is in num
Addressing modes
 Direct memory addressing: In this addressing mode, one of the operands is a
memory address, usually represented by a variable name
 The variable name is actually stored in a symbol table together with the
offset
 Offset here means how far the address of the variable is from the value in the
data segment register (EDS)
 The offset is usually referred to as the effective address and is calculated by
the assembler during the assembly process
 During the program execution, the sum of EDS and the offset results in the
actual memory address that is accessed.
 The code below illustrates direct memory addressing where one of the
addresses is a variable name (offset)
ADD [num], byte 10;
MOV [num] , DX;
Addressing modes
 Direct-offset memory addressing: In this addressing mode,
arithmetic operations are used to modify a memory address to get
the effective address
 This illustrated in the code below:
section .text
mov CL, nums ; move address of 10 into the CL register; code segment
mov CL, [nums+1] ; move 5 into the CL register;
mov CL, nums+1; move address of 5 into the CL register; code segment
section .data
nums DB 10, 5, 3, 7 ; an array of bytes ; data segment
Addressing modes
 indirect memory addressing: In this addressing mode, base
registers (EBX,EBP) and the index registers (EDI, ESI) are used
together with an offset to get the address of interest
 Square brackets around the register name are used to indicate that
the registers are being used for memory reference
 This mode is usually used for variables like arrays.
 The start address can for instance be stored in the EBX register
 The following code illustrates
nums DB 10, 5, 3, 7 ; an array of bytes ; data segment
mov EBX, nums ; i.e. the address of nums ;code segment
mov [EBX], 20 ; replace 10 with 20 in position 0 of the array
add EBX, 2 ; address of the 3rd element of array
mov [EBX], 15 ; replace 3 with 15
Addressing modes
 The MOV instruction is used to copy data from one location to
another
 It supports data from a source (on the right) to a destination (on the
left) as illustrated bel
i. MOV register, register
ii. MOV register, immediate
iii. MOV register, memory
iv. MOV memory, register
v. MOV memory, immediate
 The source data should fit in the destination location

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