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Network Lab 2

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23 views27 pages

Network Lab 2

Uploaded by

lindentree897
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Addressing

Lecture 2

Prepared By:
Eng. Thuraia Alnahari
Addressing

- Logical

- Physical

2
Physical Addressing

 A Physical address is also called MAC address is a


48-bit flat address burned into the ROM of the NIC
(Network Interface Card) card at the factory which is
a Layer1 device of the OSI

3
Logical Addressing

• A Logical address also called IP address is a 32- bit


address assigned to each system in a network.
• This works in Layer-3 of OSI Model.
• This would be generally the IP address.

4
IPv4 ADDRESSES

5
IPv4 ADDRESSES

How an IP address is represented?

X.X.X.X byte= Octet = 8bits


4 Octet = 32 bits
8bit 8bit 8bit 8bit

Network Host

6
IPv4 ADDRESSES

Converting a Binary Address to Decimal


Practice

Answer = 176
7
IPv4 ADDRESSES
Converting from Decimal to Binary

8
IPv4 ADDRESSES

Type of IP address in the range of a network:


- Network address (first address)
- Host address (between)
- Broadcast address (last address)

9
Subnet mask :A 32 bit combination used to describe which
partition of IP address refers {which Network part, which Host part}

Ex: 255.255.255.0

Prefixes: The prefixes length is the number of bit in the address that
gives us the network part

Ex: 192.168.1.2 /24

10
Example

192 .168.1.2 /24

Host ?
Network ?
Solution

Host ?= 8
Network ?=24
11
Example

255.255.0.0

Host ?
Network ?
Solution

Host ?= 16
Network ?=16
12
Example

255.128.0.0

Host ?
Network ?
Solution

Host ?=23
Network ?=9
13
Example

255.255.248.0

Host ?
Network ?
Solution

Host ?=11
Network ?=21
14
IPv4 ADDRESSES
Example

Change the following IPv4 addresses from binary notation


to dotted-decimal notation.

Solution

15
IPv4 ADDRESSES
Example

Change the following IPv4 addresses from dotted-decimal


notation to binary notation.

Solution

16
IPv4 ADDRESSES
Example

Find the error, if any, in the following IPv4 addresses.

Solution
a. There must be no leading zero (045).
b. There can be no more than four numbers.
c. Each number needs to be less than or equal to 255.
17
d. A mixture of binary and dotted-decimal notation is not allowed.
Classful Addressing

18
Classful Addressing
• IP addresses are grouped into classes (A,B,C,D,E)
depending on the size of the network identifier and the
host part of the address

19
Classful Addressing
Binary Decimal

20
Classful Addressing
Example

Find the class of each address.


a. 00000001 00001011 00001011 11101111
b. 11000001 10000011 00011011 11111111
c. 14.23.120.8
d. 192.5.15.111
Solution
a. The first bit is 0. This is a class A address.
b. The first 2 bits are 1; the third bit is 0. This is a class C
address.
c. The first byte is 14; the class is A. 21
d. The first byte is 192; the class is C.
Classful Addressing
Example

Find the class of each address.


a. 119.18.45.0
b. 219.21.56.0
c. 33.23.120.8
d. 199.5.15.111
Solution
a. The first byte 119 This is a class A address.
b. The first byte 219. This is a class C
address.
c. The first byte is 14; the class is A. 22
d. The first byte is 199; the class is C.
Transmission Media
 Two main categories:
Guided ― wires, cables
Twisted-Pair cables:
 Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) cables
- Ethernet straight through
- Ethernet crossover
- Rollover
 Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) cables

Coaxial cables
Fiber-optic cables

Unguided ― wireless transmission, e.g. radio, 23


microwave, infrared, sound
Straight-through

24
Crossover

26
Rollover

27

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