An Autonomous Institution

Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi

Approved by AICTE, New Delhi
Recognised by UGC with 2(f) & 12 (B)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC

Department of CSE
BY :
MONISHA.M – 1MJ22CS120
NIHARIKA H.N – 1MJ22CS127
NIKITHA.C – 1MJ22CS128

An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, Approved By AICTE, New Delhi, Recognized by UGC with 2(f) & 12(B) status, Accredited By NBA and NAAC 1
 HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CONTENTS:

1. Introduction
2. Software and Hardware Requirements
3. Entity , Attribute and Relationship
4. ER Diagram
5. Relational Schema
6. Conclusion

An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, Approved By AICTE, New Delhi, Recognized by UGC with 2(f) & 12(B) status, Accredited By NBA and NAAC 2
 INTRODUCTION:
A Hotel Management System (HMS) Database Management System (DBMS) project
is designed to streamline and automate the various operational aspects of a hotel,
ensuring efficient management of guest reservations, room assignments, billing,
and services. This project involves the creation of a robust and scalable database
that centralizes all hotel-related information, providing a unified platform for
managing guest data, staff schedules, inventory, and financial transactions.
The project encompasses the design, implementation, and testing of database
schemas, queries, and user interfaces, ultimately aiming to support the hotel's
administrative and operational needs through seamless data management and
accessibility.

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 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
The hardware specification is necessary to support the proposed
system,which have been identified,ordered,delivered,installed and
tested at the time of installation.

• Processor : Intel
• Storage : SSD(50GB),HDD(100GB)
• RAM : 4GB or more
• Mouse : Optical
• Monitor : 1080p(resolution)
•Internet : fast internet connection

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 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

The software specifictaion is the one says about the development

environment of the package.

• php
• Xampp
• Mysql yog
• HTML
• Bootstrap
• sublime text
• Java Script
• php Css

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 ENTITY:
• An entity can be place,person,object,event or a concept,which stores data in the
database.
•There are two types of entities : Strong entity and Weak entity.
•A strong entity set is an entity set that contain sufficient attributes to uniquely
identified all its entities. It is represented by rectangle in ER diagram.
•An entity that cannot be uniquely identified by its own attributes and relies on
the relationships with other entity is called weak entity.It is represented by
double rectangle in ER diagram.
•EXAMPLE (Hotel Management System) :
STRONG ENTITY : Hotel,Customer,Invoice.
WEAK ENTITY : Rooms,Rooms_category,Today price,Bill.

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 ATTRIBUTES :
•An attribute describes the property of an entity and it is represented as oval in ER
diagram.
•EXAMPLE ( Hotel Management System) :
Customer : SSN(Primary key),Name,E-mail,Country.
Today Price : Hotel_id(Key),Price,Available_rooms,Date(Derived attribute).
Invoice : Invoice_id(Key),Status,Invoice _description.
Reservation : Resevation_id,Period,Date(Composite having
start_date,end_date).
Rooms_category : Name(Composite having
lname,fname),Cust_id,Hotel_id(Derived attribute).
Hotel : Name,Location,Hotel_id(Key),G_id.
Bill : Bill_id(Key),Amounts,Name(Composite having lname,fname),Type,Date.

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 RELATIONSHIP :
•A Relationship is represented by diamond shape in ER diagram.It shows the
relationship among entities.There are four types of relationships :
•One to One
•One to Many
•Many to One
•Many to Many
•EXAMPLE (Hotel Management System) :
Payment(One to Many,For Customer to Invoice)
Has(One to Many,For Invoice to Bill)
Reservation(One to Many,For Customer to Today Price)
Checked_out(One to Many,For Customer to Rooms)
Of(One to Many,For Rooms to Rooms_category)
Own(One to Many,For Rooms to Hotel).

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 ER DIAGRAM :

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 RELATIONAL SCHEMA :It is a set of relational tables and associated
items that are realted to one another.

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 System Requirements Specification

Overall Description :

The HMS integrates functionalities like reservation and booking

management, front desk operations, housekeeping coordination, billing and
payments processing, and customer relationship management (CRM).

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 Functional Requirements
Front-End Requirements

1.User Interface (UI):

• I Responsive design compatible with desktops, tablets, and smartphones.
• ntuitive navigation and user-friendly layout.
• Separate interfaces for staff roles (e.g., reception, housekeeping, management).
• Guest interface for online booking and profile management.

2. Reservation and Booking:

• Real-time room availability display.
• Online booking form with options for room selection, date, and guest details.
• Booking confirmation and email notification.

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 3. Front Desk Operations:
• Check-in/check-out process.
• Guest registration form.
• Room assignment and key management.

4. Housekeeping Management:
• Task scheduling and status tracking.
• Inventory management for cleaning supplies.
• Maintenance request form.

5. Billing and Payments:

• Invoice generation and printing.
• Integration with multiple payment gateways (credit card, debit card, online
payment).
• Transaction history and receipts

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 6. Customer Relationship Management (CRM):
• Guest profile management.
• Feedback and complaint submission.
• Personalized service recommendation

Back-End Requirements

1. Database Management:
• MySQL database for storing all system data (guest information, bookings,
transactions, etc.).
• Secure data access and management.
• Regular backups and recovery mechanisms.

2. Server-Side Scripting:
• PHP for handling business logic and database interactions.
• Session management for user authentication and authorization.
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 3. Security:
• SSL encryption for secure data transmission.
• Role-based access control.
• Protection against SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and other
vulnerabilities.

4. Reporting and Analytics:

• Generate reports on occupancy rates, revenue, and guest feedback.
• Data visualization tools for performance analysis.
• Export options for reports (CSV, PDF).

5. System Integration:
• APIs for integrating with third-party services (e.g., payment gateways, email
services).
• Modular architecture to support future enhancements.

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 Non-Functional Requirements:

1. Performance:
• Fast response times for user actions.
• Efficient handling of concurrent users.

2. Reliability:
• High availability with minimal downtime.
• Error logging and alerting for system failures.

3. Scalability:
• Ability to handle increased load (more bookings, users, etc.).
• Scalable database and server infrastructure.

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 4. Usability:
• Easy-to-use interface for both staff and guests.
• Comprehensive help documentation and user support.

5. Maintainability:
• Modular code structure for easy updates and maintenance.
• Clear documentation for developers.

6. Compliance:
• Adherence to data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR).
• Compliance with industry standards for payment processing.

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 Proposed System
System Architecture

The system architecture consists of a client-server model with a

web-based front-end interface and a robust back-end infrastructure.

The key components include:

• Client-side: Web browser used by guests and hotel staff.

• Server-side: Web server running PHP scripts.

• Database: MySQL database server.

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 Components
1. Front-End (Client-Side)
o User Interface: Designed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for
responsiveness and interactivity.
o Reservation and Booking Module: Allows guests to view available rooms,
make reservations, and receive confirmation.
o Front Desk Module: Facilitates check-in/check-out, guest registration, and
room assignment.
o Housekeeping Module: Manages task schedules, inventory, and maintenance
requests.
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 o Billing and Payments Module: Handles invoicing, integrates with payment
gateways, and maintains transaction history.

o CRM Module: Manages guest profiles, preferences, feedback, and complaints.

Back-End (Server-Side)

• PHP Scripts: Handle business logic, process user requests, and interact with the
MySQL database.
• APIs: Integrate with third-party services such as payment gateways and email
servers.
• Security Mechanisms: Implement SSL encryption, role-based access control,
and protection against common web vulnerabilities.

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 Database (MySQL)

• Data Storage: Maintains records of guests, bookings, transactions, room

statuses, and staff information.

• Data Management: Supports CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete)

operations, ensuring data integrity and security.

• Backup and Recovery: Regular backups and mechanisms for data recovery in
case of failures.

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 Implementation
Development Setup

• Web Server Installation: Install and configure Apache or Nginx.

• Database Setup: Install MySQL and create a database for the HMS.
Define user roles and permissions.

• PHP Configuration: Configure PHP with required settings and

extensions (e.g., PDO for database access).

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 Database Implementation

• Schema Creation: Execute SQL scripts to create tables and relationships.

• Data Seeding: Insert initial data into tables for testing (e.g., sample
rooms, users).

Front-End Development
• Design Implementation: Develop responsive UI using HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript. Incorporate Bootstrap for layout and styling.
• Functionality Integration: Implement forms for booking,
check-in/check-out, and feedback. Use JavaScript for client-side
validations and dynamic content updates.

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 Back-End Development

PHP Scripting:
o Database Interaction: Write PHP scripts to handle CRUD operations (e.g.,
booking a room, generating invoices).
o Business Logic: Implement server-side logic for processing reservations,
managing housekeeping tasks, and handling payments.
o Authentication: Develop login and registration systems with role-based access
control.

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 API Integration:
o Payment Gateway: Integrate with payment gateways (e.g., Stripe, PayPal)
for handling transactions.
o Email Service: Set up email notifications for booking confirmations and
other alerts.
System Integration

• Link Front-End and Back-End: Use AJAX for asynchronous communication

between the front-end and back-end.

• Data Validation: Implement server-side validation to ensure data integrity and

security.

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 System Testing
Unit Testing

• Individual Components: Test each module independently (e.g., reservation

functionality, billing calculations).

• PHP Unit Tests: Use tools like PHPUnit to automate testing of PHP scripts.

Integration Testing

• Module Interactions: Verify that different modules work together seamlessly

(e.g., booking and billing integration).

• End-to-End Scenarios: Test complete workflows, such as the booking process

from start to finish.

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 User Acceptance Testing (UAT)

• Real-World Testing: Conduct testing with actual users to validate usability and
functionality.

• Feedback Collection: Gather feedback from users to identify any issues or areas
for improvement.

Security Testing

• Vulnerability Assessment: Test for common vulnerabilities like SQL injection,

XSS, and CSRF.

• Penetration Testing: Simulate attacks to identify and address potential security

weaknesses.

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 Performance Testing

• Testing: Evaluate system performance under varying loads to ensure it handles

peak usage efficiently.

• Stress Testing: Test the system's behavior under extreme conditions to identify
potential bottlenecks.

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 Result Analysis
Data Collection

• Objective: Gather data on system usage, performance, and user interactions to

assess overall effectiveness and identify areas for improvement.

• Methods: System Logs: Monitor server logs and database activity.

• User Data: Collect data from user interactions, bookings, check-ins, and
feedback submissions.

• Analytics Tools: Use web analytics tools to track user behavior and system
performance.

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 Performance Metrics

• Response Times: Average time to complete operations like booking, check-in,

and generating invoices.

• System Uptime: Percentage of time the system is operational without

interruptions.

• Load Handling: Ability of the system to manage high traffic and concurrent
users.

Financial Analysis

• Objective: Assess the financial impact of implementing the HMS in terms of

cost savings and revenue generation.

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 • Costs: Development, deployment, maintenance, and ongoing support costs.

• Benefits: Increased operational efficiency, reduced manual errors, improved

booking rates, and enhanced guest satisfaction.
Market Analysis

• Objective: Analyze the market to understand how the HMS compares with
competitors and identify trends.
• Methods: Conducted a comparative analysis of similar hotel management
systems and market research on industry trends.

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 List of figures
Home page

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 personal information(for bookig room)

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 Admin Page

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 payment mode

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 profit

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 Room Status(Add or Delete Room)

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 Conclusion
The Hotel Management System (HMS) using MySQL and PHP has successfully
streamlined hotel operations, enhancing efficiency and user satisfaction. By
automating key processes such as reservations, check-ins, and billing, the system
has reduced manual errors and administrative overhead, leading to notable
operational improvements. Performance metrics indicate that the HMS handles
typical workloads effectively, with acceptable response times and high uptime,
while scalability upgrades ensure it manages peak loads efficiently.

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 Financially, the HMS has proven advantageous, delivering cost savings through
automation and boosting revenue through optimized booking management. User
feedback has been largely positive, highlighting the system's ease of use and
functionality, with enhancements made based on user suggestions.

Security measures are robust, ensuring the protection of user data and compliance with
data protection regulations. The system's features and pricing are competitive, aligning
well with current market trends and user expectations, positioning it favorably in the
market.

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 Despite these successes, ongoing maintenance and periodic updates are necessary to
address emerging issues and incorporate new features. Future development may
focus on advanced analytics, enhanced mobile capabilities, and integration with
new technologies.

In summary, the HMS has achieved its objectives of improving operational

efficiency, user satisfaction, and financial performance. It provides a strong

foundation for managing hotel operations and is well-positioned to adapt to future

advancements and market demands.

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 MVJ College of Engineering
Near ITPB, Whitefield
Bangalore-560 067 THANK YOU

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