Arts Quarter 1 – Module 1: Principles of

Design and Elements of Arts

PRINCIPLES
OF DESIGN
AND
ELEMENTS
OF ARTS
MELC

1. Analyze art elements and

principles in the production of
work following a specific art style
from the various art movements
(A10EL-Ib-1)
 • identify the different principles of design
and the elements of arts present in the
various art movements;
• identify the various art movements and its
distinct characteristics;
• create your artwork by applying the
Specific principles of design and the elements of
arts-based on the example of arts.
Objectives • create a simple example of an artwork
from any of the art movements;
• appreciate the different principles of
design and the details of arts;
• appreciate a given artwork through the
process of art appreciation activity.
 Directions: Use the pictures to be showed to check how

Activity 1 much you know about this topic. Classify them according to
what principle of design they belong to. Choose your answer
from the following:
 Activity 2
Directions. Analyze the image in the right panel, then answer the questions provided in each quadrant.
DESIGN

• The word indicates both the process of

organizing visual elements and the
product of that process.
• It is a result of our basic need for
meaningful order.
• Some designs are so well integrated that
they have qualities beyond a mere sum of
their parts.
• Art and beauty can be expressed in many
ways- in the natural beauty of huge old
trees or the created beauty of a painting
of those trees like in the work of Van
Gogh "Large Plane Trees."
 1. UNITY AND VARIETY
• refers to the appearance or condition of the oneness of an artwork.
SIX PRINCIPLES • All the elements such as line, color, texture, and others belong
together, which results in having a coherent and harmonious whole.
OF DESIGN • As variety provides diversity, yet it acts as a counterbalance to
extreme unity.
 2. BALANCE
• the condition in which acting influences are held in check by opposing forces
SIX PRINCIPLES or what is on the left side should appear on the right side also in order to
achieve equilibrium.
OF DESIGN • The near or exact matching of the left and right sides of a three-dimensional
form or a two-dimensional composition is called symmetrical balance.
• Two sides that are not the same is asymmetrical balance.
 3. EMPHASIS AND SUBORDINATION
• to draw our attention to an area or areas, the artist uses emphasis.
SIX PRINCIPLES • To create emphasis, position, contrast, color intensity, and size can all
be used.
OF DESIGN • Neutral areas of lesser interest are created by artists through
subordination to keep us from being distracted from the areas of
emphasis.
 4. CONTRAST
• The juxtaposition (the fact of two things being seen or placed close together
SIX PRINCIPLES with contrasting effect) of strongly dissimilar elements is called contrast.
• Dark set against light, large against small, bright colors against dull are
OF DESIGN examples of contrasts.
• Visual experience becomes monotonous without contrast.
• Contrast can be seen also in the thick and thin areas of a single brushstroke.
 5. REPETITION AND RHYTHM
SIX PRINCIPLES • The repetition of visual elements gives a composition
of unity, continuity, flow, and emphasis.
OF DESIGN • Rhythm in visual art is created through the regular
recurrence of elements with related variations.
 6. SCALE AND PROPORTION
SIX PRINCIPLES • The scale is the relation of one thing to another.
• It is one of the first decisions an artist makes when
OF DESIGN planning a work of art.
• Proportion is the size relationship of parts to a whole.
 Medium and elements
The distinction
together are the
between them is easy
materials the artist
to see but hard to
uses in creating a work
define.
of art.

ELEMENTS
OF ARTS When we study
An element can be elements, we consider
known only in some them with no attention
medium, but as an to how we can come
element, it is into contact with a
independent of the work of art. The
medium. elements are its
qualities or properties.
SEVEN ELEMENTS
OF ART

1. LINE
• The line is our basic means
for recording and
symbolizing ideas,
observations, and feelings; it
is a primary means of visual
communication.
• Lines always have direction.
• They are always active.
ILLUSTRATION OF LINE
VARIATION

A. Actual Line
B. Implied line and implied curved line
C. Actual straight line and implied curved line
D. Line created by an edge
E. Vertical line (attitude of alert attention); horizontal line
(attitude of rest)
F. Diagonal lines (slow action, fast action)
G. Sharp jagged lines
H. Dance of curving lines
I. Hardline; soft line
J. Ragged, irregular line
SEVEN ELEMENTS OF 2. Shape
• refers to the expanse within
ART the outline of a two-
dimensional area or within
the outer boundaries of a
three-dimensional object.
• It may be geometric, which
tends to be precise or regular
(circles, triangles, squares) or
organic, which are irregular,
often curving or rounded, and
seem relaxed and more
informal.
• Most common shapes in the
human-made world are
geometric, while most shapes
in nature are organic.
• Mass is a physical bulk of solid
body material, and it has a
three-dimensional area.
 3. SPACE
• is the indefinable, general receptacle of all
things.
• It is continuous, infinite, and ever-present.
• The visual arts are sometimes referred to as
spatial arts because most of the art forms
are organized in space.
SEVEN • Architects are mainly concerned with space.
With three-dimensional objects such as in
ELEMENTS OF architecture and sculpture, one has to move
around to get a full experience of three-
ART dimensional space.
• With two-dimensional works, such as
drawings, prints, photographs, and
paintings, the actual space is defined by its
edges- usually the two-dimensions of height
and width.
• The illusion of third-dimension in two-
dimensional works is spatial depth.
DIAGRAMS OF CLUES TO SPATIAL DEPTH IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL SURFACE
SEVEN ELEMENTS OF 4. VALUE
• refers to the lightness and
ART darkness of surfaces.
• It ranges from white to various
grays to black.
• It can be a property of color or an
independent element color.
• Chiaroscuro (an effect of
contrasted light and shadow
created by light falling unevenly or
from a particular direction on
something) is the use of gradations
of light and shade, in which the
forms are revealed by the subtle
shifting from light to dark areas.
• This technique was
developed during the
Renaissance Period to create
an illusion that figures, and
objects depicted on a flat
surface appear as they do in
the natural light conditions.
 5. COLOR
• is a component of light, affects us directly by modifying our
thoughts, moods, actions, and even our health.
• exists only in light, but light itself seems colorless to the
human eye.

• The so-called "color" is the effect on our eyes of light waves

SEVEN of differing wavelengths or frequencies.

• Colors affect our feelings about size and distance as well as
temperature.

ELEMENTS OF • Yellow green and red-violet are the poles dividing the
color wheel into cool and warm hues.

ART
• Cool colors found at the blue-green side of the wheel,
while the warm colors at the red-orange side appear
to expand and advance.
• Objects that appear to be black absorbs all the colors; while
objects that appear white reflects all the colors of the
spectrum.
• Black and white are not true colors and their
combination.
• Gray is achromatic (without color), and they are often
referred to as neutrals.
PROPERTIES OF A • Hue
COLOR • is a particular wavelength
of spectral color to which we
give names.
• In 1666, British scientist
Sir Isaac Newton
discovered that when
the light of the sun
passes through a glass
prism. It is separated
into the bands of colors
that make up the
visible spectrum. The
sequence of the
spectral colors is: red,
orange, green, blue,
indigo, and violet.
PROPERTIES OF A • Primary Hues are: Red,
Yellow, and Blue
COLOR • Secondary Hues are:
Orange, Green, and
Violet. This is produced
by a mixture of primary
hues.
• Intermediate Hues are:
red-orange, yellow-
green, blue-green, and
red-violet.
• Each is located between
the primary and the
secondary hues of which
they are composed.
PROPERTIES OF A
COLOR

• Value
• refers to the relative lightness and darkness
from white through grays and black.

• Intensity
• also called saturation, refers to the purity of
a hue or color.
• The pure hue is the most intense form of a
given color, the hue at its highest
saturation, and the hue in its brightest
form.
SEVEN ELEMENTS OF 6. TEXTURE
ART • The textile qualities of
surfaces or to the visual
representation of those
qualities is referred to as
texture, in visual arts.
• Actual textures are those
we can feel by touching.
• Simulated textures are
those created to look like
something other than
pain on a flat surface.
• Painters simulate texture,
while sculptors and
architects make use of
actual texture.
 7. PERSPECTIVE
• is a point of view.

SEVEN ELEMENTS OF • In visual arts, it can refer to any means of

representing three-dimensional objects in

ART
space on a two-dimensional surface.
• It is a system designed to depict the way
objects in space appear to the eye.
• In linear perspective, objects appear smaller
at a distance, because parallel lines appear to
converge as they recede into the distance,
and the last meeting of the lines on the
horizon is called the vanishing point.
• TIME AND MOTION
 Time is nonspatial in which events
occur in succession.
 Our experience of time depends upon
the movements we experienced and
vice versa.
 A sense of motion can be created by an
actual change in position.
• LIGHT
 The source, color, intensity, and
direction of light greatly affect the way
things appear; as light changes,
surfaces illuminated by it also seem to
change.
 To suggest the way light reveals form,
artists use changes in value.
Learning Task #1
Procedure:
1. Look around and observe the people around
you: your friends, your family, and your
neighbor or nature.
2. Describe them through a drawing or painting
applying the principles of design based on
what you see in their faces or actions as they
exercise the freedom of expression in their
daily lives.
3. Do this in an Oslo paper. You may use crayons,
color pastel, watercolor, acrylic paint, or any
available resources that you have.
 Learning Task #2
Directions: Evaluate the designs below. Try to see what elements of art are applied.
 Learning Task #2
Directions: Evaluate the designs below. Try to see what elements of art are applied.
 Learning Task #2
Directions: Evaluate the designs below. Try to see what elements of art are applied.
 Directions: Analyze the sample arts below. Identify what principle
Learning Task #3 of design and elements of art is applied.
WRAPPING-UP
Directions: On the right is a "Reflection
Weight" that aims to determine:
• what you have realized (the
attitudes toward learning),
• the things that you have discovered
(skills that you will cherish to live),
and
• the things you have learned
(knowledge that serves as your
foundation to stand and keep you
going).
Fill in each part of the weight and
share it with your classmates.
END OF SESSION