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CONTEXT OF TEXT DEVELOPMENT EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE

CONTEXT OF TEXT DEVELOPMENT VIRTUE ● EXCELLENCE ● SERVICE

1113-1117 San Marcelino St. Paco, Manila, 1007 Philippines
Senior High School Department
Intertextuality
Intertextuality
Intertextuality
 OBLIGA OPTION ACCIDE
INTERTEXTUAL INTERTEXTUAL INTERTEXTUAL
TORY
ITY Types
when the writer ITY of
AL NTAL
ITY
when the writer when the writer
deliberately
invokes a
comparison or
Intertextuality
pays homage to
the 'original'
writers, or to
has no intention of
making an
intertextual
association
reward those who reference and it
between two
have read the depends on the
(or more) texts
previous text readers’ memory
Intertextual Figures
Intertextual Figures
Intertextual Figures
 Revision
This type of intertextuality
features a close relationship
between anterior and posterior
texts, wherein the latter takes

1 identity from the former, even

as it departs from it.
 Revision
Close example:
In the Brothers Grimm version, one of
Cinderella's evil stepsisters cuts off her toes,
and the other her heel so they can both fit

1
into the tiny glass slipper. The prince is
notified by little doves that there is blood on
the shoe, and finally discovers that the true
owner is Cinderella.
 Revision
Close example:
In the Brothers Grimm version, one of
Cinderella's evil stepsisters cuts off her toes,
and the other her heel so they can both fit

1
into the tiny glass slipper. The prince is
notified by little doves that there is blood on
the shoe, and finally discovers that the true
owner is Cinderella.
 Quotation
Quotation literally reproduces the
anterior text (whole or part) in a later
text. Quotations are also commonly
printed as a means of inspiration and

2 to invoke philosophical thoughts from

the reader.
 Quotation
Close example:
"Beam me up, Scotty" is
a catchphrase that made its way
into popular culture from

2
the science fiction
television series Star Trek.
 Translation
Translation transfers, 'carries
across', a text into a different
language, recreates
it anew. The later text explicitly

3 claims the identity of the original.

 Translation
Close example:
Books of larger publications are
reproduced with a number of
translations in order to cater to a

3
larger number of audience,
local or abroad.
 Translation
Close example:
Books of larger publications are
reproduced with a number of
translations in order to cater to a

3
larger number of audience,
local or abroad.
 Calque
A calque /kælk/ or loan translation is
a word or phrase borrowed from
another language by literal, word-for-
word or root-for-root translation.

4
 Calque
Close example:
"Calque" itself is a loanword from the
French noun calque ("tracing; imitation;
close copy"); the verb calquer means "to

4
trace; to copy, to imitate closely"; papier
calque is "tracing paper".
The word "loanword" is itself a calque of the
German word Lehnwort, just as "loan
translation" is a calque of Lehnübersetzung.
 Calque
Close example:
"I was surprised his nose was not growing
like Pinocchio's." This makes a reference to
The Adventures of Pinocchio, written by

4
Carlo Collodi when the little wooden puppet
lies. If this was obligatory intertextuality in a
text, multiple references to this would be
used.
 Allusion
Allusion is a passing or casual
reference; an incidental mention of
something, either directly or by
implication, that a writer uses in

5 another narrative without affecting

the storyline.
 Allusion
Close example:
"I was surprised his nose was not growing
like Pinocchio's." This makes a reference to
The Adventures of Pinocchio, written by

5
Carlo Collodi when the little wooden puppet
lies. If this was obligatory intertextuality in a
text, multiple references to this would be
used.
 Allusion
Close example:
"I was surprised his nose was not growing
like Pinocchio's." This makes a reference to
The Adventures of Pinocchio, written by

5
Carlo Collodi when the little wooden puppet
lies. If this was obligatory intertextuality in a
text, multiple references to this would be
used.
 Parody
A parody (spoof, take-off,
lampoon) is a work created to
imitate, make fun of, or comment
on an original work—its subject,

6 author, style, or some other target

—by means of satiric or ironic
imitation.
 Parody
Close example:
More recently, parodies have taken on whole
film genres at once. One of the first was the
Scary Movie franchise (2000), Shriek If You

6
Know What I Did Last Friday The
Thirteenth (2000), Johnny English (2003),
and Fifty Shades of Black (2016).
 Parody
Close example:
More recently, parodies have taken on whole
film genres at once. One of the first was the
Scary Movie franchise (2000), Shriek If You

6
Know What I Did Last Friday The
Thirteenth (2000), Johnny English (2003),
and Fifty Shades of Black (2016).
 Pastiche
A pastiche is a work of visual art,
literature, theatre, or music that
imitates the style or character of the
work of one or more other artists.

7 Unlike parody, pastiche celebrates,

rather than mocks, the work it
imitates.
 Pastiche
Close example:
Many stories featuring “Sherlock Holmes,”
originally penned by Arthur Conan Doyle,
have been written as pastiches since the

7
author's time. "Bohemian Rhapsody" by
Queen is unusual as it is a pastiche in both
senses of the word, as there are many distinct
styles imitated in the song.
 Pastiche
Close example:
Many stories featuring “Sherlock Holmes,”
originally penned by Arthur Conan Doyle,
have been written as pastiches since the

7
author's time. "Bohemian Rhapsody" by
Queen is unusual as it is a pastiche in both
senses of the word, as there are many distinct
styles imitated in the song.
 Meme
Meme, short for mimeme (to imitate),
is an idea or style that spreads from
person to person within a culture that
teach us about circulation and rhetoric

8 in different contexts – i.e. they help us

read or analyze our culture.
 Meme

8
 Meme

8
 Meme

8
 Meme

8
 Meme

8
 ?

=
Intertextuality

Plagiarism
 !

≠
Intertextuality

Plagiarism
INTERTEXTUALITY
INTERTEXTUALITY
INTERTEXTUALITY
As intertextuality, by definition,
INTERTEXTUALITY
involves the (sometimes)
INTERTEXTUALITY
purposeful use of other's work
INTERTEXTUALITY INTERTEXTUALITY
without proper citation, it is
INTERTEXTUALITY
often mistaken for plagiarism.
INTERTEXTUALITY
INTERTEXTUALITY
INTERTEXTUALITY
INTERTEXTUALITY
PLAGIARISM
PLAGIARISM
PLAGIARISM the act of "using or
PLAGIARISM
PLAGIARISM closely imitating the
PLAGIARISMlanguage and thoughtsofPLAGIARISM
another author without PLAGIARISM
PLAGIARISM
authorization” PLAGIARISM
PLAGIARISM
PLAGIARISM
 ?
Then, what do you think is
the weakness of
intertextuality?
 !
Any text can be considered a
work of intertextuality because
it builds on the structures that
existed before it.
Intertextuality
The Linguistic Big Bang

They use a part of another text and change

its meaning by placing it in a different
context. This means that they are using
other's ideas to create or enhance their own
new ideas, not simply plagiarizing them.
Intertextuality
The Linguistic Big Bang

Intertextuality is based on the 'creation of

new ideas', while plagiarism is often found
in projects/programs/products based on
existing texts to confirm your ideas.
 ?
In conclusion, what is the
importance of learning
intertextuality?
 !
Intertextuality shows how
much a culture can influence its
authors, even as the authors in
turn influence the culture.
Hypertextuality
Hypertextuality
Hypertextuality
Forms of Hypertext
Forms of Hypertext
Forms of Hypertext
 Axial
Axial hypertexts are the most simple
in structure. They are situated along
an axis like in a linear style. These
hypertexts have a straight path from

1 beginning to end and are fairly easy

for the reader to follow.
 Arborescent
Arborescent hypertexts have a branching
structure which resembles a tree. These
hypertexts have one beginning but many
possible endings. The ending that the

2 reader finishes on depends on their

decisions whilst reading the text.
 Layered
Layered hypertexts involve two
different layers of linked nodes.
Each node in the top layer is linked
sequentially to the next node in the top

3 layer, as well as to its corresponding

node in the bottom layer.
 Networked
In a networked hypertext, nodes
are connected by multiple links,
potentially overlapping links.
There is no particular starting

4 point, and no ending point.

HYPERTEXTUALITY
HYPERTEXTUALITY
In reading with hypertext, you
HYPERTEXTUALITY
are given
HYPERTEXTUALITY more flexibility and
personalization because you get
HYPERTEXTUALITY
to select the order in which
HYPERTEXTUALITY you
HYPERTEXTUALITY
read the text and focusHYPERTEXTUALITY
on
HYPERTEXTUALITY
information relevant to your
HYPERTEXTUALITY
interest. HYPERTEXTUALITY
HYPERTEXTUALITY
 ?
In conclusion, what is the
importance of learning
hypertextuality?
 !
Humans learn better
associatively.
 Choose only from
parody, pastiche, or
Performance meme, and create
Task No. 3 your own intertext of
any theme of your
#IntertextMoTo choice (except explicit
or implied obscenity
and profanity).
 Criteria 25-21 20-16 15-10 9-0
The work is a
The work is a true somewhat true The work is less likely a The work does not give
product of intertext product of intertext product of intertext something new in
Uniqueness and displays a great and displays a good and needs meaning and follows
and Delivery of Style delivery in delivery in improvement in the the typical delivery of
presentation. presentation. delivery of style. style.

Adheres fully to the Adheres at some point Adheres minimally to Does not adhere to the
demands and to the demands and the demands and demands and
Organization and organization of the organization of the organization of the organization of the
Promptness assigned task assigned task assigned task assigned task

Language use is proper Either language use Both language use and Little to no harmony is
and concise while the and elements of design elements of design observed in the work.
Language Use and elements of design are are the only ones in need improvement and
Elements of Design in perfect harmony. good development. lack in harmony.

The work shows an The work shows good The work needs The work lacks impact
outstanding impact. impact. improvement. and creativity.
Overall Impact