0% found this document useful (0 votes)
20 views

Week 4 Functions

Uploaded by

taiwoothniel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
20 views

Week 4 Functions

Uploaded by

taiwoothniel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 25

Functions

By Allu Ayobami
What is a function?

A relation in which each x-coordinate is matched with only one y-coordinate is said to
describe y as a function of x.

A relation is a set of points in the plane.


Relations: these three points constitute a
relation.
Which of the following relations describe y as a function of x?
1. R1 = {(−2, 1),(1, 3),(1, 4),(3, −1)}
2. R2 = {(−2, 1),(1, 3),(2, 3),(3, −1)}

 For both R1 and R2, y is not a function of x.

Why?
 Remember, in order to say y is a function of x, we just need to ensure the same x-
coordinate isn’t used in more than one point.

 R1 reveals that the x-coordinate 1 is matched with two different y-coordinates.


 R2 contained two different points with the same y-coordinates, namely (1, 3) and (2, 3).
The Vertical Line Test: A set of points in the plane represents y as a
function of x if and only if no two points lie on the same vertical line.
Note… A function f is a relation that assigns a single element in the range to each element in the domain. In other
words, no x-values are repeated. All functions are relations, but not all relations are functions .

 A function is a relation in which each possible input value leads to exactly one output
value. We say “the output is a function of the input.” The input values make up the domain,
and the output values make up the range

Given a relationship between two quantities, determine whether the relationship is a function.
1. Identify the input values.
2. Identify the output values.
3. If each input value leads to only one output value, classify the relationship as a function. If
any input value leads to two or more outputs, do not classify the relationship as a function.
Determine which equations represent y as a
function of x
Suppose F is a relation which describes y as a
function of x.
 The set of the x-coordinates of the points in F is called the domain of F.
 The set of the y-coordinates of the points in F is called the range of F.
What is the domain of a function?

These are all the values that can go into a function without resulting in undefined values. i.e.,
The domain in math is the set of all possible inputs for the function.

Note
Inputting the values x = {1,2,3,4,...}, the domain is simply the set of natural numbers. But in
general (if the domain is not specified as natural numbers), f(x) = 2x is defined for all real
values of x and hence its domain is the set of all real numbers which is denoted by (-∞, ∞).
What is the range of a function?

This is a set of all its outputs.

Note
Let us consider the function f: A→ B, where f(x) = 2x and each of A and B = {set of
natural numbers}. Here we say A is the domain and B is the co-domain. Then the output of this
function becomes the range.
Rules for finding the domain
Rules for finding the range
Find the domain and range of the following
functions.
1. F = {(−3, 2),(0, 1),(4, 2),(5, 2)}
2. G is the function graphed below
F = {(−3, 2),(0, 1),(4, 2),(5, 2)}

The domain of F is the set of the x-coordinates of the points in F: {−3, 0, 4, 5} and the range of
F is the set of the y-coordinates: {1, 2}.
G is the function graphed below

 if we project the graph of G to the x-axis, we get all real numbers less than 1. Using
interval notation, we write the domain of G is (, 1).
 To determine the range of G, we project the curve to the y-axis. Note that even though
there is an open circle at (1, 3), we still include the y value of 3 in our range, since the
point (−1, 3) is on the graph of G. We see that the range of G is all real numbers less than
or equal to 4, or, in interval notation: (, 4].
Consider the relation {(0,7),(0,8),(1,7),(1,8),(1,9),(2,10)}{(0,7),(0,8),(1,7),(1,8),(1,9),
(2,10)} .

 What is the domain?


 What is the range?
 Is this a function?
Therefore….

 Remember we described a function as a special kind of relation – one in which each x


coordinate is matched with only one y-coordinate.
 If we think of the domain of a function as a set of inputs and the range as a set of outputs,
we can think of a function f as a process by which each input x is matched with only one
output y.
 Since the output is completely determined by the input x and the process , we symbolize
the output with function notation: ‘’, read ‘ of .’
 In this case, the parentheses here do not indicate multiplication, as they do elsewhere
in algebra.
 is the output which results by applying the process f to the input x.
A visualization of this relationship…
Note

 The value of y is completely dependent on the choice of . For this reason, is often called
the independent variable, or argument of , whereas y is often called the dependent variable.
For , find and simplify
Let Find and simplify expressions for the following functions, in addition, find the
domain of each of these functions.
Thank you…

You might also like