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ICT Lecture 1

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10 views33 pages

ICT Lecture 1

Uploaded by

umar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to

ICT
Riphah International University Lahore

Muhammad Umar Nasir


Definition of
ICT
ICT is a technology required for
information processing, in particular, the use
electronics computers, communication
devices and application software to convert,
store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve
information from anywhere, anytime.
Information
Information refers to the knowledge obtained from reading, investigation, study or
research.
We need information to make decision and to predict the future.
For example, scientist can detect the formation of a tsunami using the latest
technology and warn the public to avoid disasters in the affected areas.
The tools to transmit information are the telephone, television and radio.
Information is knowledge and helps us to fulfil our daily tasks. For example,
forecasting the stock exchange market.
Communication
Communication is an act of transmitting messages. It is a process whereby
information is exchanged between individuals using symbols, signs or verbal
interaction.
Previously, people communicate through sign or symbols, performing drama
and poetry. With the advent of technology, these `older' forms of communicate
are less utilized as compared to the use of the Internet, email or video
conferencing.
Communication is important in order to gain knowledge. With knowledge, we
are more confident in expressing our thoughts and ideas.
Technology
Telephone and fax machines are the devices used in extending
communication. Spreading Information, to broadcast information such as
news or weather reports effectively. Radio, television, satellites and the World
Wide Web (WWW) are powerful tools that can be used.
Generation of Computers

Generation of Computer

First Second Third Fourth Fifth


Generation Generation Generation Generation Generation
First
Generation

Time Period : 1 9 5 1 to 1 9 5 9
Size: Very Large System
Technology : Vacuum Tubes
Processing : Very Slow
ENIA
C

Electronic Numerical Integrator AComputer)


nd was the
first electronic general-purpose computer. It was
Turing-complete, digital, and could solve "a large class of
numerical problems" through reprogramming.
Second
Generation

Time Period : 1959 to 1963


Technology : Transistors
Size : Smaller
Processin : Faster
g
Third Generation

Time Period : 1963 to 1 9 7 5


Technology : ICs (Integrated Circuits)
Incorporated many transistors & electronic
circuits on a single chip
Size : Small as compared to 2nd generation computers
Processing : Faster then 2nd generation computers
Fourth Generation
Fifth Generation

AI – Artificial Intelligence
What
Change?
Computers for Individual Users
• Desktop Computers
• Workstations
• Notebook Computers
• Tablet PCs
• Handheld PCs
• Smart Phones
Computer
Electronic device
Converts data into information
Modern computers are digital
• Two digits combine to make data
Older computers were analog
• A range of values made data
Analog and Digital Computers

In this course our focus is on digital computers


Categories Of Computers
Desktop Computers
Workstations
Notebook computers
Tablet computers
Handheld computers
Smart phones
 Computers For Individual Use
Desktop computers
 The most common type of computer
onta
 S i t s on the desk or floor l
 System Unit vertical or horiz
 Performs a variety of tasks
 Can be work as server or workstations
Computers For Individual Use
Workstations
 Specialized computers
 Optimized for science or graphics
 More powerful than a desktop
 Computers For Individual Use

Notebook computers
 Mobile computers
 Weighs between 2.5 and 9
pounds
 A bou t 8 ½ by 11 inches
 Typically as powerful as a desktop
 Can include a
docking station
Docking
Station?
 Docking Station?

A platform into which you can install


a portable computer. The docking station typically
contains slots for expansion cards, bays for
storage devices, andconnectors for peripheral
devices, such
as printers and monitors. Once inserted in a
docking station, the portable computer essentially
becomes adesktop model computer.
Computers For Individual Use

Tablet computers
 Newest development ni
portable computers
 I n p u t is through

a pen
 R u n specialized versions

of office products

1A-15

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