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CF Lecture 1.3 Interacting With Computers

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17 views

CF Lecture 1.3 Interacting With Computers

Uploaded by

Ajajul Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Interacting with computers

Computer Fundamentals
Lecturer : MMH Nahid

Lecture
Computer system

• A Computer System is a complete, working computer. It will include the


computer along with any software and peripheral devices that are
necessary to make the computer function.
 Computer systems have four parts
1) Hardware
2) Software
3) Data
4) User
Information Processing Cycle

The set of steps a computer follows to receive data, process the data
according to instructions from a program, display the resulting
information to the user, and store the results.

Information Processing Cycle has 4 parts.

Input

Storage Processing

Output
Computer system

Hardware Software
• Mechanical devices in the computer • Tell the computer what to do
• Anything that can be touched • Also called a program

Data
• Pieces of information Users
• Computer organize and present data • People operating the computer
Essential Computer Software

• System software
• Controls the system hardware and interacts with application software
• Operating system (OS)
• Utility

• Application software
• Accomplishes a specific task
Essential Computer Hardware
• Computers use the same basic hardware
• A computer hardware devices fall into four categories

Processing devices Memory devices

Storage devices Input /Output (I/O) devices


Processor

A processor is the logic circuitry that


responds to and processes the basic
instructions that drive a computer.

The term processor has generally


replaced the term central processing unit
(CPU).

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Manufacturer of Processor

• Intel
– Core Duo, Quad, i3, i5, i7
– Pentium
– Celeron

• AMD
– Athlon
• XP, 64, 64 X2,
• Phenom, Phenom II, A6, A10
Did you know…

• Storage :
Provides capacity for all the
files and information you need(
e.g. capacity of the computer’s
hard disk)

• Memory :
Provides your working space
( e.g. the amount of RAM
installed in the computer)
RAM
• RAM -- or "random access memory" -- is the temporary storage space that
a computer loads software applications and user data into when it is
running.
• All current RAM technologies are "volatile", which means that everything
held in RAM is lost when a computer's power is removed.
• The more RAM a computer has, the less it has to swap out data from
memory to work with data, which makes it computer faster.

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Offline Storage

• Storage – any devices that are capable


of holding information, even when the
power is off (non-volatile).

• Ex: hard disk drive, USB flash disk,...

• Offline storage – type of storage that


can be removed and can be accessed
from any computers when connected.
Optical storage devices

Compact Disc (CD) DVD Blu-ray Disc


Capacity: 700 MB Capacity: 4.7 GB Capacity: 25 GB
Available from 1982 Available from 1995 Available from 2006
Optical storage devices
Advantages:
 Small and portable
 Cheap to produce
 Large market of music, movies and games
 Most desktop computers or laptops are
equipped with
CD/DVD/Blu-ray drive
Disadvantages:
xFragile, easy to get scratched
xSlower data transferring rate
xRequired specified drives to write data to the discs
xLimited number of writes
Flash memory devices

Commercially
available in 2000

Max. capacity: 1 TB
(as of 2013)

Small size

Ideal solution for


storing small data
Flash memory
devices
•Solid state drive (SSD)
• First introduced in 1995
• Max. capacity: 2 TB (as of
2017)
• Very high transferring
speed in comparison to
normal physical hard disk
Flash memory devices
Advantages:
 Large and increasing capacity
 High transferring speed
 Small size, portability
 Low power consumption
 Work more quietly than physical hard drive

Disadvantages:
xHigh price compared to hard disks (cost per MB)
xLimited number of reads/writes (write endurance
rating)
xEasy to lose because of small size
Storage units

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Video Graphics Card
• Price Around : 3000-1,000,000 Tk.
• The card has a chip called a Graphics Processor Unit,
a microprocessor specialized for video calculations.
The GPU lets the computer's main processor do its
job, allowing the computer to run at full speed.

Popular For making and playing games


applications, Video Editing, Effects etc

If you just plan on doing word processing and watching cat


videos, the integrated graphics card can handle that, normally
comes with an Intel (or some cases AMD) processor.
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Class work
Q 1. How many CD do you need to save 5500 Mp3 songs
where average mp3 file size is 5 MB.

Q 2. How many flash memory stick (each of them are 16


MB) you need to copy all the information from a 1 Tera
byte Portable hard disk ?

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