Empowerment Technology

Lesson #1
Introduction

• Empowerment Technology or E-Tech often

deals with the use of different technologies
such as mobile phones, telephone, computer
and other devices to locate, save, communicate
and to inform.
• Empowerment Technology is important for its
innovative uses is sufficient in our daily lives.
Introduction

• Empowerment Technology is important

for it is used as a source of
communication. As years passed, lots of
gadgets and other devices have improved
its uses.
• Before, a cellular phone is only used for
texting, calling and playing simple games.
Introduction

• Empowerment Technology is important

since it makes our individual lives easier
in different aspects such as for school
matters, office or work matters and for
our individual matters
Introduction

• Empowerment Technology is important for it also

helping our country for its modernization plans.
We are now living in a world where everyone is
upgrading its systems. It is called modernization.
• Empowerment technologies can help in
modernization because it can strengthen our plans
to be competitive with other countries by building
up some new technologies for the betterment of
our nation.
Introduction

• Philippines has a potential onto being

competitive with other countries such as
Finland, Japan, and United States – that its
success toward the field of technology is
far beyond what everyone expected.
What is Technology?

• Technology is a branch of knowledge

that deals with the creation and use of
technical means and their interrelation
with life, society, and the environment,
drawing upon such subjects as industrial
arts, engineering, applied science, and
pure science
What is Information and
Communications Technology (ICT)

• deals with the use of different

communication technologies such as
mobile phones, telephone, Internet, etc.
to locate, save, and edit information
• Century Ago, Alexander Graham Bell
revolutionize the communications field
by inventing the telephone
• Invention of telecommunications
network to support telephone
services.
The fast development and improvement of technology,
especially in the fields of electronics and
telecommunications

• introduced high productivity

• ease in our daily activities.
 Electronic devices for everyday use:

• Desktop computer, mobile phones, laptop

computer
• Watching video clips
• Sending electronic mails (emails)
• Making calls - sending text messages
 Other applications and uses:

• productivity such as word processing,

spreadsheets, presentations, and digital
imagery.
• access online search engines
 Applications and uses:

• entertainment such as playing games

• listening to music
 Evolution of ICT

The beginning of ICT can be traced back

when human started to use objects to
communicate with one another.
Four main periods in history that divide the era of ICT:

• Pre-mechanical
• Mechanical
• Electromechanical
• Electronic
 PRE-MECHANICAL PERIOD

• around 3000 BCE to 1450 CE

• humans started communicating with one another
using words and pictograms curved in rocks
• started to write symbols as substitutes for pictures
to depict ideas, objects, and animals
• when paper was finally produced from the
papyrus plant, storing of information was
revolutionized
PETROGLYPH
Cave painting from Lascaux, France (15,000 – 10, 000 B.C)
 Cuneiform

• the first true written language and the first real

information system. (coo-nay-eh-form
 Star – heaven or God
• At around 2000 BC the Phoenicians created symbols
that expressed single syllables and consonants( the first
true alphabet)

• Greek adopted the Phoenician alphabet and added

vowels

• Romans gave the letters Latin name to create the

alphabet we use today
Star – heaven or God
PAPERS AND PENS

• SUMERIANS – stylus and

wet clay
PAPERS AND PENS

• EGYPTIANS – papyrus
plants (2600 BC)
PAPERS AND PENS

• CHINESE – made paper

from rags (100 AD)
 MECHANICAL PERIOD

• This period served as the bridge between our

current period and the pre-mechanical period.
This period started around 1450-1840.
• During this time, the interest in automating and
speeding up numerical calculations grew.
 MECHANICAL PERIOD

• The machines driven by mechanical means such

as steam and gears dominated information
processing and calculation.
• This period also concentrated primarily on
development of machines that will enhance
calculation speed.
 MECHANICAL PERIOD

• ABACUS - an oblong
frame with rows of
wires or grooves along
which beads are slid,
used for calculating.
 MECHANICAL PERIOD
• PASCALINE - Pascaline, also called
Arithmetic Machine, the first
calculator or adding machine to
be produced in any quantity and
actually used.

• The Pascaline was designed and

built by the French
mathematician-philosopher Blaise
Pascal between 1642 and 1644.
 MECHANICAL PERIOD
• CALCULATING CLOCK - WILHELM
SCHICKARD – 1623 (Professor at
University of Tubingen, Germany)
– invented the first mechanical
calculator that work with six digits
and can carries digits across
columns
 MECHANICAL PERIOD

• STEPPED RECKONER –
GOTTFRIED WILHELM VON
LEIBNITZ – (1617) invented
stepped reckoner that could
multiply 5 digit and 12 digit
numbers yielding up to 16 digit
numbers
 MECHANICAL PERIOD

• AUTOMATIC LOOM – JOSEPH-

MARIE JACQUARD (1801) –
developed the automatic
loom (weaving loom) that was
controlled by punched cards.
 MECHANICAL PERIOD

• ARITHMOMETER – Charles
Xavier Thomas de Colmar
(1820) – developed
arithmometer (the first mass
produced calculator
 MECHANICAL PERIOD (Difference Engine and
Analytical Engine )

• – Charles Babbage – father

of modern computer.
Invented the Difference
Engine 1821).
 MECHANICAL PERIOD (Difference Engine and
Analytical Engine )

• Analytical Engine (1832)

with the help of Lady Ada
Augusta Lovelace Byron –
the first computer
programmer.
 ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD

The electromechanical period is a time between

1840 and 1940 when electricity was used for
telecommunication and information handling
 ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD

• This period marked the beginnings of

telecommunication with the invention of the telegraph
in the early 1800s.
• The electromechanical period also saw the
development of other devices such as the telephone,
the radio, and the typewriter.
 ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD

• Telegraph - first device to

use electricity to transmit
information over an
electrical media.
• First invented in 1837 by
William Cooke and Sir
Charles Wheatstone.
 ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD

• International Morse Code - The

first working model used five
magnetic needles that could be
pointed around set of letters and
numbers by using electric current.
• In 1844, American inventor
Samuel Morse successfully
introduced the first single-
circuit telegraph that gave rise
to Morse Code
 ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD

• Alexander Graham Bell – 1879

– developed the first working
TELEPHONE
• Human were not satisfied
with simply transmitting
symbols or letters.
 ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD
• Became fascinated with the
idea of voice transmission.
• In 1876, ALEXANDER GRAHAM
BELL was granted the patent
for the telephone.
• The telephone converts sound
into electricity and enables
the telephone network to
transmit it over copper wires.
 ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD
• Guglielmo Marconi – 1894
– (RADIO) discovered that
electrical waves travel
through space and can
produce and effect far
from the point at which it
originated.
 ELECTRONIC PERIOD

The electronic age is what we currently live in. It

can be defined as the time between 1940 and right
now.
 ELECTRONIC PERIOD (VACUUM TUBE MACHINES)

• ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL
INTEGRATOR AND
COMPUTTER (ENIAC) – is
the first electronic and
general-purpose computer
that marked a
revolutionary period in
computing
ELECTRONIC PERIOD (TRANSISTOR)
 ELECTRONIC PERIOD (TRANSISTOR)
• Was invented in 1947 • You can find transistor for
• It is an electronic device every electronic device
with properties and • o Full transistor computer
functions similar to was develop in 1957 and
vacuum tubes but it is was faster than vacuum
lightweight and faster. computer.
• Foundation of every
electronic device today.
ELECTRONIC PERIOD (INTEGRATED
CIRCUIT(IC))
 ELECTRONIC PERIOD (INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC))

• American engineer Jack • It is integrated in a chip or a

Kilby introduced the IC single package, limiting the
• It is a device that is distances between
composed of a group of components, resulting in a
transistors and circuit faster operating speed.
elements compressed in a • Smaller devices intended
single package for information processing
• It revolutionized the use of and communication were
computer and electronic developed.
devices.
ELECTRONIC PERIOD (COMPUTER MICROPROCESSOR)
 ELECTRONIC PERIOD (COMPUTER MICROPROCESSOR)

• Constructed in the forms of IC

• PC used these processors to deliver user applications
• Computers are evolving from textual interfaces to GUI
 ELECTRONIC PERIOD
• KONRAD ZUSE – 1941 –
built the first
programmable computer
called Z3.
 ELECTRONIC PERIOD
• HOWARD AIKEN – 1942 –
develop MARK I the first
stored program
computer.
 ELECTRONIC PERIOD
• JOHN ATANOSOFF and
CLIFORD BERRY – 1942 –
completed the first all-
electronic computer
called ABC or
ATANOSOFF-BERRY
COMPUTER