STRING

by
Dr. M. Vanitha
Assistant Professor,
Department of Computer Applications,
Alagappa University

1 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String
 String is a sequence of characters which is enclosed
between either single (' ') or double quotes (" "), python
treats both single and double quotes same.

2 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String
Creating String
Creation of string in python is very easy.
e.g.
a=‘Computer Science'
b=“Informatics Practices“

Accessing String Elements

e.g.
str='Computer Science'
print('str[0]-', str[0])
print('str[1:4]-', str[1:4])
print('str[2:]-', str[2:])
print("str +'yes'-",str +'yes')

3 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String
 Output

('str-', 'Computer Sciene')

('str[0]-', 'C')
('str[1:4]-', 'omp')
('str[2:]-', 'mputer Science')
('str *2-', 'Computer ScieneComputer
Science')
("str +'yes'-", 'Computer Scienceyes')

4 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String
Iterating/Traversing through string
Each character of the string can be accessed
sequentially using for loop.
e.g.
str='Computer Science‘
for i in str:
print(i)

5 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String
 Output

c
o
m

p
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
6 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String comparison
 We can use ( > , < , <= , <= , == , !=) to compare two
strings. Python
Compares string lexicographically i.e using ASCII
value of the characters.
Suppose you have str1 as "Maria" and str2 as "Manoj" . The
first two characters from str1 and str2 ( M and M ) are
compared. As they are equal, the second two characters are
compared. Because they are also equal, the third two
characters ( r and n ) are compared. And because 'r' has
greater ASCII value than ‘n' , str1 is greater than str2 .

7 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String comparison
 e.g.

print("Maria" == "Manoj")
print("Maria" != "Manoj")
print("Maria" > "Manoj")
print("Maria" >= "Manoj")
print("Maria" < "Manoj")
print("Maria" <= "Manoj")
print("Maria" > "")

8 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String comparison
Output

False
True
True
True
False
False
True

9 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 Updating Strings
String value can be updated by reassigning another value in it.
e.g.
var1 = 'Comp Sc'
var1 = var1[:7] + ' With Python'
print ("Updated String :-
“,var1)

OUTPUT

('Updated String :- ', 'Comp Sc with

Python')

10 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String Special Operators
e.g.
a=“comp”
B=“sc”
Operator Description Example
+ Concatenation – to add two strings a + b = comp sc

* Replicate same string multiple times a*2 = compcomp

(Repetition)

[] Character of the string a[1] will give o

[:] Range Slice –Range string a[1:4] will give omp
in Membership check p in a will give 1
not in Membership check for non availability M not in a will give 1
% Format the string

print ("My Subject is %s and class is %d"

% ('Comp Sc', 11))
11 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 Format Symbol
%s -string conversion via str() prior to formatting
%i -signed decimal integer
%d -signed decimal integer
%u -unsigned decimal integer
%o -octal integer
%x -hexadecimal integer (lowercase letters)
%X -hexadecimal integer (UPPERcase letters)
%e -exponential notation (with lowercase 'e')
%E -exponential notation (with UPPERcase 'E')
%f -floating point real number
%c -character
%G -the shorter of %f and %E

12 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 Triple Quotes
It is used to create string with multiple lines.

e.g.
Str1 = “””his course will introduce the learner
to text mining and text manipulation
basics. The course begins with an
understanding of how text is handled by
python”””

13 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String functions and methods
a=“comp” b=“my comp”
Method Result Example
r=a.index(‘o
str.index() Returns index position of substring
m’) will be
1
String consists of only r=a.isalnum()
str.isalnum()
alphanumeric characters (no will return
symbols) True
String consists of only
str.isalpha()
alphabetic characters (no
symbols)

str.islower() String’s alphabetic characters are all

lower case
str.isnumeric( String consists of only numeric
) characters

14 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String functions and methods
Method Result Example
str.isspace() String consists of only
whitespace characters
str.istitle() String is in title case
str.isupper() String’s alphabetic
characters are all upper
case
str.isspace() String consists of only
whitespace characters
str.istitle() String is in title case

15 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String functions and methods
Method Result Example
b=‘**comp’;
str.lstrip(char) Returns a copy of r=b.lstrin() will be
str.rstrip(char) the string with ‘comp’
leading/trailing
characters removed
Removes specific
str.strip(char) character from leading
and trailing position
b=‘my comp’;
r=b.split() will be
str.split() Returns list of strings as [‘my’,‘comp’]
splitted

16 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 String functions and methods

Method Result Example

b=‘my comp’;
r=b.partition(‘co
str.partition() Partition the string on mp’) will be
first occurrence of [‘my’,‘comp’]
substring
b=‘my comp’;
r=b.partition(‘co
str.partition() Partition the string on mp’) will be
first occurrence of [‘my’,‘comp’]
substring

17 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 #Python Program to calculate the number of
digits and letters in a string
string=raw_input("Enter string:")
count1=0
count2=0
for i in string:
if(i.isdigit()):
count1=count1+1
count2=count2+1
print("The number of digits is:")
print(count1)
print("The number of characters is:")
print(count2)

18 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 Searching for Substrings
METHOD NAME METHODS DESCRIPTION:
endswith(s1: str): bool Returns True if strings ends with
substring s1
startswith(s1: str): bool Returns True if strings starts with
substring s1
count(substring): int Returns number of occurrences of
substring the string
find(s1): int Returns lowest index from where s1
starts in the string, if string not
found returns -1
rfind(s1): int Returns highest index from where
s1 starts in the string, if string not
found returns -1

19 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 Searching for Substrings
E.g. program

s = "welcome to python"
print(s.endswith("thon"))
print(s.startswith("good"))
print(s.find("come"))
print(s.find("become"))
print(s.rfind("o"))
print(s.count("o"))
20 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 Searching for Substrings
Output
True
False
3
-1
15
3

21 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha
 THANK YOU

22 Python by Dr.M.Vanitha