Week5 DB

Software Engineering
Week 5
Software Engineering
Wk Lecture Practical
1 Introduction Canvas, Assessment Understand the case study.
Software lifecycle Write the user stories.
Design the database and the
2 Work as a group! Agile
software
Plan the work on the UI Review of the software requirements and
Set the version control
and the Use Case design
diagram. Review of the OOP concepts.
3 User Stories Git
4 Plan the work on the Graphical User Interface. MVC pattern. Coding
user stories Retrospective
Check if you are on track.
5 Plan the work on the Create and connect the database to the
database application.
From UML to C# code
6 Plan the current task Testing
7-9 Retrospective. Design patterns More coding.

Plan the current task. Accomplish the quality.
Secure coding.
10 Software Validation and Verification Double check.
No new features.
Software Maintenance.
11 Enhancements.
Software Management.
12 Review Presentation
Learning Outcomes
Learn how to create a Database in Visual Studio.

Learn how to manipulate a database in C#.
Creating a DB in Visual Studio
Connecting to and working with the databases involve a

few components that work together.
A binding source is that

component that connects the
user interface controls to a
dataset.

A dataset gets a copy of a table from

the table adapter and keeps it in
memory.
The application works with the
dataset rather than the database
itself. The changes done in the
dataset are sent to the table adapter
to be done in database.

A table adapter connects to a data

source and can retrieve data from a
table in a data source. It can also
update the table in the data source.

A data source is a source of data

(the database) the application works
with.
How to create the Database
Create and add the database to the project.
1.Right-click on the project in SolutionExplorer and select

Add -> New item.
2. In the Add New Item window:
i. select Data under Visual C# on the left panel
ii. select Service-based Database on the middle

panel
iii. Change the database’s name
iv. Click Add

In the Add New Item window:
3. In the Data Source Configuration Wizard window

(Choose the Database Model)
i. Click Cancel
This Wizard should be used to configure the data source.
Currently our database is empty.

Add tables to the Database
1. Go to Solution Explorer where you can see the new

database under your project.
2. Double click on the database.

Server Explorer opens showing the database.
3.Expand the database if it’s not expanded.
4.Right click on Tables and select Add new table.
5. Create the columns. For each column enter the name,

the data type and tick Allow Nulls if a null value can be
accepted.
5. Create the columns.

To set a column as an identity column:
i.click on it
ii.go to Properties window
iii.expand Identity Specification
iv.set (Is Identity) property to true
5. Create the columns.

To set a column as a primary key:
i.Right-click on the column
ii.Select Set Primary Key
6. Save the table.

i. Change the table name in the SQL statement
ii. Click Update
7. Right-click on Tables in Server Explorer and select

Refresh. The new created table is shown.
8. Enter data into the table
i. Right-click on the table you want to enter data into

and select Show Table Data
ii. Enter the data in all the columns apart of the

identity column.
The database was successfully created and an .mdf file

can be seen in the project folder.
Set the application’s properties
Expand the project in the Solution Explorer.
Double click on the Properties.
A new window with the project’s properties is shown.
Click on the Settings.

Create the connection string that will be used by the

application to connect to the database.
Click onto the Name box and type in a name for

connection string.
Click onto the Type box and select Connection.

Click onto the Scope box and select Application.

Click the button into the Value

box.
The Connection Properties

window is shown.
Change the Data source to

“Microsoft SQL Server
Database”.
Browse and select your MDF

database.
Set the database’s properties
Copies of the database at runtime.

A copy of the database is copied in /bin directory every time
when the application is run. This copy is used by the
application and the changes are done into it.
Copies of the database at runtime.

To manage the copies of the database:
• Go to the Solution Explorer
• Right-click on the .mdf file and select Properties
• Change the value of Copy to Output Directory
More about this:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/
ms246989.aspx
Connect the database to the application
The applications interact with the databases via a user

interface (UI) control connected to the data source.
The DataGridView control is such a user interface control

used to display the data from database in a table format.
The back end code is responsible for:
•handling the event generated by the UI,
•connecting to the database,
•send a query to the database
•process the results
•display on the UI the results

The applications should have a class (for instance

DatabaseConnection.cs) that contains all the attributes
and methods that deal with the database.
This class is used by all the other classes that have to

interact with the database.
Let’s consider the DatabaseConnection.cs used for the

application StudentDissertations.
The constructors:
The methods:
The methods:
How to use the class DatabaseConnection.cs
Groups with different levels of access
Students – login
– see marks
– see calendar
Academics – login
– see list of students
– see calendar
There is a difference between what these two groups should

see.
Are there two different applications, one for students and

one for academics?
How does the application make the difference between a

student and an academic?
The application should use the same login page.
Based on the credentials entered the application transfers the

user to:
- the student page or academic page
Or
- one page with different contents – one for

students and a different one for academics
Two achieve this the following steps are required:
• update the database:
- create a table users (we should already have it);
- create a table groups with at least id_group,

group_name;
What is the relationship between these two tables?
- create a join table groups_users to simulate the

many-to-many relationship between users and
groups;
Example:
groups groups_users
users
• When the authorisation is given:
- find the user in the users table;
- find the group the user belongs to by searching

the user in the groups_users table;
- load the next page depending on the group

found; this page could have a group specific
menu.
Example: Check if the user linda is an academic

groups groups_users
users
SELECT gu.user_id
FROM groups_users gu, groups g
WHERE g.name = ‘Academics’
AND g.id = gu.group_id
AND gu.user_id = 1
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Software Engineering

7-9 Retrospective. Design patterns More coding.

Learn how to create a Database in Visual Studio.

Connecting to and working with the databases involve a

A binding source is that

Connecting to and working with the databases involve a

A dataset gets a copy of a table from

Connecting to and working with the databases involve a

A table adapter connects to a data

Connecting to and working with the databases involve a

A data source is a source of data

Create and add the database to the project.

1.Right-click on the project in SolutionExplorer and select

2. In the Add New Item window:

i. select Data under Visual C# on the left panel

ii. select Service-based Database on the middle

iii. Change the database’s name

iv. Click Add

3. In the Data Source Configuration Wizard window

This Wizard should be used to configure the data source.

Currently our database is empty.

1. Go to Solution Explorer where you can see the new

2. Double click on the database.

5. Create the columns. For each column enter the name,

5. Create the columns.

5. Create the columns.

6. Save the table.

7. Right-click on Tables in Server Explorer and select

8. Enter data into the table

i. Right-click on the table you want to enter data into

ii. Enter the data in all the columns apart of the

The database was successfully created and an .mdf file

Expand the project in the Solution Explorer.

Double click on the Properties.

A new window with the project’s properties is shown.

Click on the Settings.

Create the connection string that will be used by the

Click onto the Name box and type in a name for

Click onto the Type box and select Connection.

Click onto the Scope box and select Application.

Click the button into the Value

The Connection Properties

Change the Data source to

Browse and select your MDF

Copies of the database at runtime.

Copies of the database at runtime.

More about this:

The applications interact with the databases via a user

The DataGridView control is such a user interface control

The back end code is responsible for:

•handling the event generated by the UI,

•connecting to the database,

•send a query to the database

•process the results

•display on the UI the results

The applications should have a class (for instance

This class is used by all the other classes that have to

Let’s consider the DatabaseConnection.cs used for the

– see list of students