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Smart Irrigation System

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275 views19 pages

Smart Irrigation System

Uploaded by

21pwmec5004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Presented to: Dr. FAKHR E ALAM


SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM

PRESENTED BY:-

GHULAM NASEER IQBAL (4844)

ZIA UL HAQ (4899)

RAB NAWAZ (4952)

ARIF ALI KHAN (4851)


INTRODUCTION

Water is a precious and scarce resource that needs to be


conserved and used wisely. One of the major applications
of water is irrigation, which is the artificial supply of
water to plants and crops. However, irrigation can also
lead to water wastage if it is not done properly. For
example, watering plants when the soil is already moist.
In this project, we built a capacitive soil moisture sensor
using Arduino and compare its performance with a
resistive soil moisture sensor. We will also design an
experiment to test how using these sensors affect the
growth of plants and the amount of water used for
irrigation.
OBJECTIVES

1. Water Conservation: The primary objective of smart irrigation systems is to


promote water conservation in agricultural practices. By utilizing advanced
technologies such as soil moisture sensors, weather data, and real-time
monitoring, these systems aim to optimize water usage, reducing wastage and
ensuring that crops receive the appropriate amount of water.

2. Enhanced Crop Yield: Smart irrigation systems strive to improve crop yield
and quality. By providing crops with the right amount of water at the right time,
based on their specific needs, these systems help prevent overwatering or
underwatering, which can negatively impact plant growth and productivity. The
objective is to achieve optimal water supply and improve overall crop health.
OBJECTIVES

3. Cost Efficiency: Another objective of smart irrigation systems is to promote


cost efficiency in agriculture. By accurately determining irrigation
requirements, farmers can minimize water and energy expenses associated
with irrigation practices. Additionally, these systems can help reduce labor
costs by automating irrigation processes and providing remote access to
control and monitor irrigation activities.

4. Environmental Sustainability: Smart irrigation systems aim to promote


environmental sustainability by reducing water waste and minimizing the
impact on natural resources. By implementing efficient irrigation techniques
and technologies, such as drip irrigation or precision sprinklers, these systems
help conserve water, protect groundwater reserves, and preserve ecosystems.
OBJECTIVES

5. Real-Time Monitoring and Control: An important objective of smart


irrigation systems is to enable real-time monitoring and control of irrigation
operations. By leveraging IoT (Internet of Things) devices, sensors, and data
analytics, farmers can remotely monitor soil moisture levels, weather
conditions, and plant health. This allows for timely adjustments and
interventions, ensuring optimal irrigation management.

6. Scalability and Adaptability: Smart irrigation systems aim to be scalable


and adaptable to different agricultural settings and crop types. The
objective is to provide flexible solutions that can be customized and
adjusted according to specific farming requirements, including variations in
soil types, climate conditions, and crop varieties.
APPLICATIONS

Soil moisture sensors are used in various applications, incl


uding
:
• Agricultural science and horticulture, including irrigation planning
• Climate research
• Environmental science, including solute transport studies
• Auxiliary sensors for soil respiration measurements
• Simple sensors for gardeners
HARDWARE/APPARATUS

• Arduino UNO
• Soil Moisture Sensor
• 9V battery
• 5 volts Relay
• Jumper wires
• Glue gun and Glue stick
• Frame
• Breadboard
• DC Supply Water Pump Motor
COST ANALYSIS
S.No Component Name Cost (in PKR)

1 Arduino UNO 2300

2 Jumper Wires 320

3 Breadboard 350

4 9 volts battery (2) 90 x 2 = 180

5 Soil Moisture Sensor 150 x 2 = 300

6 DC Supply Motor 400

7 Relay 150

Total 4,000
DESIGNED CODE

int water; //random variable


void setup() {
pinMode(3,OUTPUT); //output pin for relay board, this will sent signal to the relay
pinMode(6,INPUT); //input pin coming from soil sensor
}

void loop() {
water = digitalRead(6); // reading the coming signal from the soil sensor
if(water == HIGH) // if water level is full then cut the relay
{
digitalWrite(3,LOW); // low is to cut the relay
}
else
{
digitalWrite(3,HIGH); //high to continue proving signal and water supply
}
delay(4000);
}
CIRCUIT’s CONSTRUCTION

• Connect the 5v pin of Arduino with VCC pins of


Module.
• Ground the GND pin of module and Arduino UNO.
• Connect the Positive terminal of Battery with
positive of motor and negative with negative of
motor.
• Make the connection of remaining terminal of
module and Arduino according to coding.
DESIGN ANAYSIS

5V DC Water Pump Specifications: –


Operating Current: 130 ~ 220mA
Operating Voltage: 2.5 ~ 6V
Flow Rate: 80 ~ 120 L/H
Maximum Lift: 40 ~ 110 mm
Driving Mode: DC, Magnetic Driving
Continuous Working Life: 500 hours
Material: Engineering Plastic
Outlet outside Diameter: 7.5 mm
Outlet inside Diameter: 5 mm
From the above specifications, we can conclude power as;
Power = I x V
Pmax=StallTorque*No Load Angular velocity
Pmax=Tstall/2*Wno load/2
Pmax= 0.7*10^-3/2*19900/2*2pie/60
Pmax=0.365W
DESIGN ANLYSIS

5V Relay Specifications: –
Voltage supply ranges from 3.75V – 6V
Quiescent current is 2mA
Once the relay is active then the current is ~70mA
The highest contact voltage of a relay is 250VAC/30VDC
The maximum current is 10A
From the above specifications;
Power = I x V
Power = 70 x 5 = 350 mW
DESIGN ANALYSIS

• 9 volts battery:-
We’ll check the mAh rating on your battery and divide by mA
to get hours. So, if your 9V battery is rated at 600mAh and
your device draws at a maximum of 25mA, then your battery
would last 24hours theoretically
OBSERVATION

• When the sensor was placed in wet soil


with sufficient moisture, the power
supply to the motor was stopped
automatically.
• When the sensor was placed in dry soil,
the motor was running.
CONCLUSIONS

The smart irrigation system is a promising technology that can improve the
efficiency and sustainability of agricultural water use. By using artificial
intelligence techniques and internet of things devices, the smart irrigation
system can monitor and control the soil moisture, weather conditions, crop
growth, and water demand in real time. This can help farmers optimize
their irrigation schedules, reduce water wastage, increase crop yield and
quality, and save energy and labor costs. The smart irrigation system can
also contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs), especially Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation, by enhancing water
management and conservation. The smart irrigation system is suitable for
both urban and rural agriculture, as it can be adapted to different types of
crops and environments

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