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    Symbol of Diode and LED 1

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    sariennesapilan

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Symbol of Diode and LED 1

    Uploaded by

    sariennesapilan
    4 views18 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4 views18 pages

    Symbol of Diode and LED 1

    Uploaded by

    sariennesapilan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Symbol of

    Diode and
    LED
    The arrowhead shows the direction of
    conventional current flow. The anode
    is connected to the P section and the
    cathode is connected to the N section.
    Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
    are electronic components
    that emit light when a current
    is flowing in them. Light is
    produced when the particles
    that carry the current
    combined together with the
    semiconductor material.
    There are ways in finding the
    positive and negative pins on
    a LED. The longer leg of the
    LED should be the positive,
    anode pin while the flat edge
    of the LEDs outer casing or
    where the shorter leg will be
    the negative, cathode pin.
    The symbol of the LED is like the symbol
    for a diode, but it has two arrows
    indicating outwards to signify the light
    from the diode.
    The LED or the lamp in the
    circuit glows when the negative
    end or cathode of a diode is
    connected to the negative
    terminal of the battery and its
    anode to the positive terminal.
    Applying a voltage to a diode is known as
    bias voltage, where a PN junction diode is
    connected to a voltage source. A resistor
    may be added to limit the current
    flowing for a safe value. “Biasing” is the
    process of applying external voltage.
    There are two ways in which you can bias
    a PN junction diode, forward bias and
    reverse bias.
    The diode is in a forward bias
    when the current moves from
    the N-type material to the P-
    type material. In the circuit
    shown below, the negative end
    of the voltage source is joined
    to the N-type material.
    The voltage source forces
    electrons away from the terminal
    to the PN junction. The free
    electrons that gather on the P
    section of the junction are
    attracted by the positive terminal.
    This action cancels the negative
    charge on the P side, the barrier
    voltage is eliminated, and a
    current can flow.
    Current can flow only if the
    external voltage is larger than the
    barrier voltage. Having a
    significant applied voltage, both
    the holes and the electrons would
    surmount the depletion region
    and meet near the junction,
    where they could combine in a
    continuous process, closing the
    circuit and allowing current flow.
    The current is limited by the
    resistance of the P and N materials
    that flows when a diode is forward
    biased. Connecting a voltage directly
    to a forward-biased diode creates a
    large current flow when the diode
    resistance is small. This can result in
    the damage of the diode. An external
    resistor must be connected in series
    with the diode to limit the forward
    current flow.
    When the diode is forward biased,
    the negative end of the external
    voltage source is connected to the
    N section, and the positive end is
    connected to the P section. If the
    ends of these terminals are
    reversed, the diode does not work
    and is said to be connected in
    reverse bias.
    The free electrons in the N material are
    attracted toward the positive end of the
    external voltage source; this is when the
    diode is in reverse bias. As a result, it
    increases the number of positive ions in
    the area of the PN junction, which
    increases the width of the depletion
    region on the N side of the junction.
    Electrons leave the negative end of the
    voltage source and enter the P material.
    These electrons fill holes near the PN
    junction, causing the holes to move
    to the negative terminal, which
    increases the width of the depletion
    region on the P section of the
    junction. The overall outcome is that
    the depletion region is larger than in
    an unbiased or forward-biased diode.
    In summary, a PN
    junction diode is a one-
    directional device. When
    it is forward biased,
    current will flow. When it
    is reverse biased, only a
    small leakage current
    flow.

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