The Normal

Distribution
OBJECTIVE
 ILLUSTRATE A NORMAL RANDOM VARIABLE AND ITS
S
CHARACTERISTICS
 IDENTIFY REGIONS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVE THAT
CORRESPOND TO DIFFERENT STANDARD NORMAL VALUES
 CONVERT A N O R M A L R A N D O M VARIABLE TO A STANDARD
N O R M A L VARIABLE A N D VICE VERSA AND
 COMPUTE PROBABILITIES AND PERCENTILES USING THE
STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
 What I Know

1. Which of the following illustrations represents normal

distribution?
A. C.

B. D.
2. What is another name for normal distribution?
A. Gaussian distribution
B. Poisson distribution
C. Bernoulli’s distribution
D. Probability distribution
3. What is the total area in the distribution under the normal
curve?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
4. Which of the following is a parameter of normal distribution?
A. mean
B. standard deviation
C. mean and standard deviation
D. none of the above
5. The graph of a normal distribution is symmetrical about the _____.
A. mean
B. standard deviation
C. mean and standard deviation
D. none of the above
6. What percent of the area under a normal curve is within 2
standard deviations?
A. 68.3%
B. 95.4%
C. 99.7%
D. 100%
7. H ow many standard deviations are there in each inflection
point?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
8. Which of the following denotes the standard normal distribution?
A. A
B. X
C. Y
D. Z
9. A random variable X has a mean of 12 and a standard deviation of
3.2. What is the corresponding z-score for x = 8?
A. -1.25
B. -1.50
C. -1.75
D. -2.25
10.What is the area under the normal curve if the z-score given is
2.14?
A. 0.9830
B. 0.9834
C. 0.9838
11.What is the z-score if the area under the normal curve is 0.0475?
A. -1.66
B. -1.67
C. 1.66
D. 1.67
12. What is the area under the normal curve between the z-scores -1.99
and 1.56?
A. 0.9173
B. 0.9317
C. 0.9369
D. 0.9639
13. What is the area of the P(Z > 2.58) using the standard normal curve?
A. 0.0049
B. 0.0051
C. 0.9949
D. 0.9951
14. In an achievement test, the mean score of normally
distributed values is 70 and the standard deviation is 12.
What is the percentage of students who got a score of 85 and
above?
A. 0.1056
B. 0.1075
C. 0.8925
D. 0.8944
15. W hat is the value of 70 th percentile in a standard normal
distribution?
A. 0.51
B. 0.52
C. 0.61
D. 0.62
 T h e N o r m a l Distribution a n d
Its Properties

The normal distribution is just one of the distributions

to be discussed in this course. It is also considered as the
most important distribution in Statistics because it fits
many real-life situations. This lesson will bring us a deeper
understanding of the normal distribution and its
characteristics.
 What’s In
Anticipation-Reaction Guide. Complete the table by putting check as to A G R E E or
D I S G A R E E on the corresponding columns for the following statements.

Statement Agree Disagree

1. The normal curve of the distribution is bell-shaped.

2. In a normal distribution, the mean, median and mode are of

equal values.
3. The normal curve gradually gets closer and closer to
0 on one side.

4. The normal curve is symmetrical about the mean.

5. The distance between the two inflection points of the normal

curve is equal to the value of the mean.
 W ha t ’s N e w

Before proceeding to our discussion, let us consider this activity that will give
us ideas about our lesson.
Consider the random event of tossing four coins once, then follow these steps:
1. List all the possible outcomes using the tree diagram.
2. Determine the sample space.
3. Determine the possible values of the random variables.
4. Assign probability values P(X) to each of the random variable.
5. Construct a probability histogram to describe the P(X).

Answer the following guide questions:

1. H o w many possible outcomes are there?
2. What composes the sample space?
3. H o w will you describe the histogram?
 T o give us a deeper understanding of the concept of the normal distribution,
let us learn m o r e about its properties.
T h e fo l l o wi n g a re the properties that c a n b e o b s e rv e d f r o m the g r a p h of a
normal distribution, also k n o w n as Gaussian distribution.
1. The graph is a continuous curve and has a domain -∞ < X < ∞.
• This means that X m a y increase or decrease without bound.
2. The graph is asymptotic to the x-axis. The value of the variable gets closer
and closer but will never be equal to 0.
• A s the x gets larger an d larger in the positive direction, the tail of the
curve approaches but will never touch the horizontal axis. T h e
s a m e thing wh en the x gets larger and larger in the negative direction.
3. The highest point on the curve occurs at x = µ (mean).
• T h e m e a n (µ) indicates the highest pe ak of the curve a n d is found at
the center.
• Take note that the m e a n is denoted by this symbol µ and the standard
deviation is denoted by this symbol .
• T h e median a n d m o d e of the distribution are also found at the center of the
graph. T h i s indicates that in a normal distribution, the mean, median
and mo d e are equal.

4. The curve is symmetrical about the mean.

• T h i s m e a n s that t h e c u r v e will h a v e
b a l a n c e d p r o p o r t i o n s w h e n c u t in
halves and the area under the curve to
the right of mean (50%) is equal to the
area under the curve to the left of the mean (50%).

5. The total area in the normal distribution under the curve is equal to
1.
• Since the mean divides the curve into halves, 5 0 % of the area is to the
• 6. In general, the graph of a normal distribution is a bell-shaped
curve with two inflection points, one on the left and another on the
right. Inflection points are the points that mark the change in the
curve’s concavity.
• Inflection point is the point at
which a change in the direction of
curve at mean minus standard
deviation and mean plus
standard deviation.

• Note that each inflection point of

the normal curve is one standard deviation away from the
mean.
7. Every normal curve corresponds to the “empirical rule” (also called the
68 - 95 - 99.7% rule):

• about 68.3% of the area under the

c u r v e falls w i t h i n 1 s t a n d a r d
deviation of the mean

• about 95.4% of the area under

the curve falls within 2 standard
deviations of the mean

• about 9 9 . 7 % of the area u n d e r

the curve falls within 3 standard
deviations of the mean.
2. A continuous random variable X is normally distributed with a mean of 45 and standard deviation
of 6.

Illustrate a normal curve and find the probability of the following:

a. P (39 < X < 51) = 68.3% c. P (X > 45) = 50%

*Since the area covered is 1 standard the left * Since the area covered is half of the
deviation to the left and to the right. curve.

b. P (33 < X < 63) = 97.55% d. P (X < 39) = 15.85%

 What’s M o re
Read the following statements carefully. Write N D if the statement describes a
characteristic of a normal distribution, and N N D if it does not describe a characteristic o f a
n o r m a l distribution. Wr i t e y o u r a n s w e r s o n a se parate s h e e t o f paper.

1. T h e curve of the distribution is bell-shaped.

2. In a normal distribution, the m ea n, m e d ia n a nd m o d e are of equal values.
3. The normal curve gradually gets closer a nd closer to 0 on one side.
4. T h e curve is symmetrical about the m ea n.
5. The distance between the two inflection points of the normal curve is equal to the
value of the mean.
6. A norm a l distribution h a s a m e a n that is also equal to the standard deviation.
7. T h e t w o p a r a m e t e r s o f th e n o r m a l distribution a r e t h e m e a n a n d th e s t a n d a r d
deviation.
8. T h e normal curve can b e described as asymptotic.
9. Tw o s t a n d a r d d e v i a t i o n s a w a y f r o m t h e left a n d right o f th e m e a n is e q u a l t o
68.3%.
10. T h e area under the curve b o u n d e d b y the x -axis is equal to 1.
 What I Have Learned
Complete the given diagram below by filling up the necessary details
about normal distribution.

List 5 properties of normal distribution

NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

State the empirical rule. Construct a normal curve.

 What I Can Do

Directions: Make a sketch for each of the 3 areas under

the normal curve as stated in the empirical rule. Using a
mosaic art, shade the area that corresponds to the area under
the normal curve. You may use eggshells, old magazines,
dried leaves or any materials available at home.
 Assessment
1. What is another n a m e for normal distribution?
A. Gaussian distribution
B. Poisson distribution
C. Bernoulli’s distribution
D. Probability distribution
2. W h a t is the total area in the distribution under the curve?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
3. What marks the change in the curve’s concavity?
A. curve
B. inflection points
C. mean
D. standard deviation
4. Which value is found at the center of the normal curve?
A. mean
B. median
C. mode
D. all of the above
5. W h ich of the following is a parameter of normal distribution?
A. mean
B. standard deviation
C. m e a n and standard deviation
D. none of the above

6. Which of the following symbols is used to denote the mean?

A.
B. µ
C. α
D. ∞
7. Which of the following does not describe a normal curve?
A. asymptotic
B. bell-shaped
C. discrete
D. symmetrical about the mean
8. W h a t percent of the area under a normal curve is within 2
standard deviations?
A. 68.3%
B. 95.4%
C. 99.7%
D. 100%
9. What percent of the area under a normal curve is within 1
standard deviation?
A. 68.3%
B. 95.4%
C. 99.7%
D. 100%
10. What percent of the area under a normal curve is
within 3 standard deviations?
A. 68.3%
B. 95.4%
C. 99.7%
D. 100%
B. Read, analyze, and answer the given involving normal curve.
1. A continuous random variable X is normally distributed with a mean of
56.3 a n d standard deviation o f 7.2. Illustrate a n o r m a l curve a n d
find its probability.

P (34.7 < X < 63.5)

Distribution of Balls in a
Quincunx
In this link,
h t tp : / /w w w. m a t h s i s f u n . c o m / d a ta /q u in c
u n x . h tm l
, the w e b p a g e will show a quincunx or
"Galton Board" (named after Sir Francis
Galton). This has a triangular array of
pe gs whe re in balls are d ro p p e d onto the
top p e g . S ubsequently, balls b o u n c e
their w a y d o w n to the b o t t o m w h e r e
th e y are collected i n little bins. Ea c h
time a ball hits one of the pegs, it
bounces either to the left or right with
equal probability. A s a result, the
number of pegs collecting in the bins
form a bell-shaped curve, especially a s
the n u m b e r o f r o w s ( a n d bins) as w e ll
as the n u m b e r o f balls increases.
 L e s s on
The Standard Normal
2 Distribu tion

T he standard normal distribution, which is denoted b y Z, is

also a normal distribution having a m e a n of 0 and a standard
deviation of 1. Since the normal distribution can have different
values for its mean and standard deviation, it can be standardized
by setting the µ = 0 and the = 1.
 What’s In
O n your answer sheets, w rite the area corresponding to the shaded part of the
normal curve.

1. 2.

3.
 W h a t ’s N e w

Observe the illustrations then answer the questions that follow .

Figure A Figure B
Guide Questions:
1. W h a t is the m e a n ?
Figure A: _______________ Figure B: _______________
2. W h a t is the standard deviation?
Figure A: _______________ Figure B: _______________
3. What is the area of the shaded region?

Figure A: _______________ Figure B: _______________

4. What did you do to identify the area of the shaded region?

Figure A: __________________ Figure B: ______________________

5. Did you use the same method? ________________________

 W h a t is It
A s mentioned earlier, normal variable is standardized by setting the
mean to 0 and standard deviation to 1. This is for the purpose of
simplifying the process in a p p r o x i m a t i n g areas for n o r m a l curves. A s
s h o w n b e l o w is the f o r m u l a u s e d to manually compute the approximate
area.

However, this formula is seldom used because a table w a s

created to summarize the approximate areas under the standard
normal curve a n d to further simplify the process. This table of
probabilities is known as the z- table.
The Z - Table
L e t u s g e t a c l o s e r l o o k a t t h e z -ta ble. T h e o u t e r m o s t c o l u m n a n d r o w
represent the z -values. T h e first t w o digits o f the z -value are f o u n d in the leftmost
c olumn a nd the last digit (hundredth place) is found on the first row.
S u p p o s e t h e z -s c o r e is e q u a l t o 1 . 8 5 , l o c a t e t h e first t w o digits 1 . 8 in t h e
leftmost column and the last digit, .05, can be located at the first row. Then find their
intersection wh ic h gives the corresponding area. Therefore, given z = 1.85, the area is
equal to 0 .9678.

z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
1.4 0.9192 0.9207 0.9222 0.9236 0.9251 0.9265 0.9279
0.9292 0.9306 0.9319
1.5 0.9332 0.9345 0.9357 0.9370 0.9382 0.9394 0.9406
0.9418 0.9429 0.9441
1.6 0.9452 0.9463 0.9474 0.9484 0.9495 0.9505 0.9515
0.9525 0.9535 0.9545
1.7 0.9554 0.9564 0.9573 0.9582 0.9591 0.9599 0.9608
0.9616 0.9625 0.9633
1.8 0.9641 0.9649 0.9656 0.9664 0.9671 0.9678 0.9686
0.9693 0.9699 0.9706
Other examples are as follow:

1. Find the area that corresponds to z = 2.67 Answer: 0.9962

z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
2.4 0.9918 0.9920 0.9922 0.9925 0.9927 0.9929 0.9931 0.9932 0.9934 0.9936
2.5 0.9938 0.9940 0.9941 0.9943 0.9945 0.9946 0.9948 0.9949 0.9951 0.9952
2.6 0.9953 0.9955 0.9956 0.9957 0.9959 0.9960 0.9961 0.9962 0.9963 0.9964
2.7 0.9965 0.9966 0.9967 0.9968 0.9969 0.9970 0.9971 0.9972 0.9973 0.9974
2.8 0.9974 0.9975 0.9976 0.9977 0.9977 0.9978 0.9979 0.9979 0.9980 0.9981

2. Find the area that corresponds to z = 1 .2 9 Answer: 0.9015

3. Find the area that corresponds to z = 3 Answer: 0.9987

 4. Find the area that corresponds to z = - 0.64 Answer: 0.2611
z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
-0.9 0.1841 0.1814 0.1788 0.1762 0.1736 0.1711 0.1685 0.1660 0.1635 0.1611
-0.8 0.2119 0.2090 0.2061 0.2033 0.2005 0.1977 0.1949 0.1922 0.1894 0.1867
-0.7 0.2420 0.2389 0.2358 0.2327 0.2296 0.2266 0.2236 0.2206 0.2177 0.2148
-0.6 0.2743 0.2709 0.2676 0.2643 0.2611 0.2578 0.2546 0.2514 0.2483 0.2451
-0.5 0.3085 0.3050 0.3015 0.2981 0.2946 0.2912 0.2877 0.2843 0.2810 0.2776
-0.4 0.3446 0.3409 0.3372 0.3336 0.3300 0.3264 0.3228 0.3192 0.3156 0.3121

5. Find the area that corresponds to z = - 2.3 3 Answer: 0.0099

Note: Th e z-table used is the Cumulative Distribution Function ( C D F )

of the Standard Normal Curve. Refer to the attachment on pages 19 and 20.
N o w that y o u already k n o w h o w to use the z -table to find the
corresponding area for the z -score, let u s identify the regions u n d e r
the n o m a l c u rv e that c o r r e s p o n d s to d i ff e re n t s t a n d a r d n o r m a l v a l u e s .
I n o r d e r t o f i n d t h e r e g i o n s , a probability notation is used.
 T h e probability notation P(a < Z < b) indicates that the z -value is be twe e n a
a nd b , P(Z > a) m e a n s z -value is a bove a a nd P ( Z < a) m e a n s z -value is b e lo w a. It
would not matter whether we are considering P(Z < a) or P(Z ≤ a) or P(Z > a) or P(Z ≥
a). To illustrate, let us consider these example s:
1 . F i n d t h e p r o p o r t i o n o f t h e a r e a b e t w e e n z = -1 . 2 5 a n d 2 . 1 9 , t h i s c a n b e
expressed as P(-1.25 < Z < 2.19), read as the
probability that Z is greater than -1.25 but less
th a n 2 .1 9 .
Solution:
S T E P 1: D r a w a n o r m a l c urve a n d locate the
z - scores a n d shade.

ST E P 2: Locate the corresponding area of the z - scores in the z-table.

z = -1.25 has a corresponding area of 0 .1056
z = 2.19 has a corresponding area of 0 .9857
STEP 3: If you are looking for the area between two z - scores, simply subtract the
c o r r e s p o n d i n g a rea s to arrive at the a n s w e r. T h e r e fo re , 0 . 9 8 5 7 - 0.1056 =
0.8801 and the P(-1.25 < Z < 2.19) = 0.8801 or 88.01%
2. C o m p u t e the probability using the standard n o rm a l curve.
a. P(Z < 1.67) = ______________
Solution:

S T E P 1: D r a w a normal curve and locate the

z - score a n d shade.
S T E P 2: Locate the corresponding area of the z - score in the z-table.

S T E P 3: If y o u a r e l o o k i n g for a less t h a n area, t h e a r e a i n t h e t a b l e

z = 1.67
is t h e answer, has a corresponding
therefore the P(Z < 1.67) area of 0 .9525
= 0.9525 or 95.25%.
b. P(Z > -0.65) = ______________
Solution:
S T E P 1: D r a w a normal curve and locate the
z - score a n d shade.

S T E P 2: Locate the corresponding area of the

z - score in the z-table.
z = -0.65 has a corresponding area of 0.2578
S T E P 3: If y o u are looking for a greater than area, the area in the table is subtracted
f r o m 1, therefore, 1.0000 – 0.2578 = 0.7422 , a nd the
P(Z > -0.65) = 0.7422 or 74.22%
The Z- Score
The z-score is an essential component in standard normal distribution.
This allows us to describe a given set of data by finding the z-scores. This
leads us to a question of how z-scores are identified?
Given a normal random variable X with mean (µ) and standard
deviation ( ),
each value of x of the variable can be transformed into z-scores using
the formula,

where z = z- score or standard score

x = observed value
µ = mean
= standard deviation
 To illustrate h o w the value of x can be converted in z-score, here are
s o m e examples.
1. A random variable X has a mean of 6 and a standard deviation of 2.

Find the corresponding z-score for x = 11.

Given: x = 11 µ=6 =2
Solution: = −
Step 1: Write the formula.
11 − 6
= 2
Step 2: Substitute the given
5
= 2 values.
z = 2.5
Step 3: Perform the operations.
Step 4: Write the corresponding z-
2. Given: x = 20 µ = 12 =3
Solution: = − Step 1: Write the formula.
20 −
= 12 Step 2: Substitute the given
3 values .
8
= 3
or 2.666666666667 Step 3: Perform the operations.

z = 2.67 Step 4: Write the corresponding z -score.

3. Given: x = 18 µ = 28 =5

−
Solution: = Step 1: Write the formula.
18 −
= 28 Step 2: Substitute the given values.
5
= −10
Step 3: Perform the operations.
5
z = -2 Step 4: Write the corresponding z -score.
4. The scores in the summative test of 11- S T E M B are normally distributed
with a m e a n of 6 5 a n d a standard deviation o f 1 2 . Find the probability that
s o m e students got a score be low 40 .
Solution:
ST E P 1: Convert the normal value in z-score.
Given: x = 40 µ = 65 = 12
Solution: = −
= 40 − 65
12
= −25 12
z = -2.08
 Therefore, the P(X < 40) = P(Z < -2.08)
ST E P 2: Dra w a normal curve and
locate the z - score a n d shade.
S T E P 3: Locate the corresponding area of the z - score in the z-table.
z = -2.08 has a corresponding area of 0 .0188
S T E P 4: If y o u a r e l o o k i n g for a less t h a n area, th e a r e a in th e table is th e
answer, therefore, the P(Z < -2.08) = 0.0188 or 1.88%.
5. T h e h e ig h t (in m e t e r s ) o f g r a d e 11 stude nts i n se c tion A f o ll o w s a n o r m a l
distribution with the m e a n 1.6 and a standard deviation of 0.3. Find the
pobability that students c h o s e n at r a n d o m h a s a height greater than 1.7 5 . Solution:
 Given: x = 1.75 µ = 1.6 = .3

Therefore, the P(X > 1.75) = P(Z > 0.5)

S T E P 2: D r a w a n o r m a l cur ve a n d
locate t h e z - s c o r e a n d s h a d e .

S T E P 3: Locate the corresponding area of the z - score in the z-table.

z = 0.5 has a cor r es pondi ng area of 0 . 6 9 1 5
S T E P 4: If y o u are looking for a greater t han area, the area in the table is
subtracted f r o m 1, therefore, 1. 0000 – 0. 6915 = 0. 3085 , a n d the P ( Z >
0.5) = 0.3085 or 3 0 . 8 5 %
 The Percentile
A percentile is a measure used in statistics indicating the value
below which a given percentage of observations in a group of
observations fall.
Imagine you took a standardized test and you scored 91 at the 89 th
percentile. This means that 8 9 % of the examiners scored lower than 91
and 11 % scored higher than 91. This explains that 89 th percentile is
located where 8 9 % of the total population lies below and 11 % lies
above that point. To illustrate the 89 th percentile of the normal curve here
are the steps:
1. Express the given percentage as probability, r e m e m b e r 8 9 % is the
s a m e as 0.8900.
2. Using the z-table (Cumulative Distribution Function ( C D F ) of the
Standard Normal Curve), locate the area of 0.8900.
3. There is no area corresponding exactly to 0.8900. It is between of
0.8888 with a corresponding z - score of 1.22 and 0.8907 with a
corresponding z - score of 1.23. T h e nearest value to 0.8900 is
0.8888 a n d therefore, the distribution lies below z = 1.22.

4. Construct a normal curve and shade the region to the left of 1.22.
Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) of the Standard Normal Curve
z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
0.0 0.5000 0.5040 0.5080 0.5120 0.5160 0.5199 0.5239 0.5279 0.5319 0.5359
0.1 0.5398 0.5438 0.5478 0.5517 0.5557 0.5596 0.5636 0.5675 0.5714 0.5753
0.2 0.5793 0.5832 0.5871 0.5910 0.5948 0.5987 0.6026 0.6064 0.6103 0.6141
0.3 0.6179 0.6217 0.6255 0.6293 0.6331 0.6368 0.6406 0.6443 0.6480 0.6517
0.4 0.6554 0.6591 0.6628 0.6664 0.6700 0.6736 0.6772 0.6808 0.6844 0.6879
0.5 0.6915 0.6950 0.6985 0.7019 0.7054 0.7088 0.7123 0.7157 0.7190 0.7224
0.6 0.7257 0.7291 0.7324 0.7357 0.7389 0.7422 0.7454 0.7486 0.7517 0.7549
0.7 0.7580 0.7611 0.7642 0.7673 0.7704 0.7734 0.7764 0.7794 0.7823 0.7852
0.8 0.7881 0.7910 0.7939 0.7967 0.7995 0.8023 0.8051 0.8078 0.8106 0.8133
0.9 0.8159 0.8186 0.8212 0.8238 0.8264 0.8289 0.8315 0.8340 0.8365 0.8389
1.0 0.8413 0.8438 0.8461 0.8485 0.8508 0.8531 0.8554 0.8577 0.8599 0.8621
1.1 0.8643 0.8665 0.8686 0.8708 0.8729 0.8749 0.8770 0.8790 0.8810 0.8830
1.2 0.8849 0.8869 0.8888 0.8907 0.8925 0.8944 0.8962 0.8980 0.8997 0.9015
1.3 0.9032 0.9049 0.9066 0.9082 0.9099 0.9115 0.9131 0.9147 0.9162 0.9177
1.4 0.9192 0.9207 0.9222 0.9236 0.9251 0.9265 0.9279 0.9292 0.9306 0.9319
1.5 0.9332 0.9345 0.9357 0.9370 0.9382 0.9394 0.9406 0.9418 0.9429 0.9441
1.6 0.9452 0.9463 0.9474 0.9484 0.9495 0.9505 0.9515 0.9525 0.9535 0.9545
1.7 0.9554 0.9564 0.9573 0.9582 0.9591 0.9599 0.9608 0.9616 0.9625 0.9633
1.8 0.9641 0.9649 0.9656 0.9664 0.9671 0.9678 0.9686 0.9693 0.9699 0.9706
1.9 0.9713 0.9719 0.9726 0.9732 0.9738 0.9744 0.9750 0.9756 0.9761 0.9767
2.0 0.9772 0.9778 0.9783 0.9788 0.9793 0.9798 0.9803 0.9808 0.9812 0.9817
2.1 0.9821 0.9826 0.9830 0.9834 0.9838 0.9842 0.9846 0.9850 0.9854 0.9857
2.2 0.9861 0.9864 0.9868 0.9871 0.9875 0.9878 0.9881 0.9884 0.9887 0.9890
2.3 0.9893 0.9896 0.9898 0.9901 0.9904 0.9906 0.9909 0.9911 0.9913 0.9916
2.4 0.9918 0.9920 0.9922 0.9925 0.9927 0.9929 0.9931 0.9932 0.9934 0.9936
2.5 0.9938 0.9940 0.9941 0.9943 0.9945 0.9946 0.9948 0.9949 0.9951 0.9952
2.6 0.9953 0.9955 0.9956 0.9957 0.9959 0.9960 0.9961 0.9962 0.9963 0.9964
2.7 0.9965 0.9966 0.9967 0.9968 0.9969 0.9970 0.9971 0.9972 0.9973 0.9974
2.8 0.9974 0.9975 0.9976 0.9977 0.9977 0.9978 0.9979 0.9979 0.9980 0.9981
2.9 0.9981 0.9982 0.9982 0.9983 0.9984 0.9984 0.9985 0.9985 0.9986 0.9986
3.0 0.9987 0.9987 0.9987 0.9988 0.9988 0.9989 0.9989 0.9989 0.9990 0.9990
3.1 0.9990 0.9991 0.9991 0.9991 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9992 0.9993 0.9993
3.2 0.9993 0.9993 0.9994 0.9994 0.9994 0.9994 0.9994 0.9995 0.9995 0.9995
3.3 0.9995 0.9995 0.9995 0.9996 0.9996 0.9996 0.9996 0.9996 0.9996 0.9997
3.4 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9997 0.9998
Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) of the Standard Normal Curve

z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
-3.4 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0002
-3.3 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0003
-3.2 0.0007 0.0007 0.0006 0.0006 0.0006 0.0006 0.0006 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005
-3.1 0.0010 0.0009 0.0009 0.0009 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0007 0.0007
-3.0 0.0013 0.0013 0.0013 0.0012 0.0012 0.0011 0.0011 0.0011 0.0010 0.0010
-2.9 0.0019 0.0018 0.0018 0.0017 0.0016 0.0016 0.0015 0.0015 0.0014 0.0014
-2.8 0.0026 0.0025 0.0024 0.0023 0.0023 0.0022 0.0021 0.0021 0.0020 0.0019
-2.7 0.0035 0.0034 0.0033 0.0032 0.0031 0.0030 0.0029 0.0028 0.0027 0.0026
-2.6 0.0047 0.0045 0.0044 0.0043 0.0041 0.0040 0.0039 0.0038 0.0037 0.0036
-2.5 0.0062 0.0060 0.0059 0.0057 0.0055 0.0054 0.0052 0.0051 0.0049 0.0048
-2.4 0.0082 0.0080 0.0078 0.0075 0.0073 0.0071 0.0069 0.0068 0.0066 0.0064
-2.3 0.0107 0.0104 0.0102 0.0099 0.0096 0.0094 0.0091 0.0089 0.0087 0.0084
-2.2 0.0139 0.0136 0.0132 0.0129 0.0125 0.0122 0.0119 0.0116 0.0113 0.0110
-2.1 0.0179 0.0174 0.0170 0.0166 0.0162 0.0158 0.0154 0.0150 0.0146 0.0143
-2.0 0.0228 0.0222 0.0217 0.0212 0.0207 0.0202 0.0197 0.0192 0.0188 0.0183
-1.9 0.0287 0.0281 0.0274 0.0268 0.0262 0.0256 0.0250 0.0244 0.0239 0.0233
-1.8 0.0359 0.0351 0.0344 0.0336 0.0329 0.0322 0.0314 0.0307 0.0301 0.0294
-1.7 0.0446 0.0436 0.0427 0.0418 0.0409 0.0401 0.0392 0.0384 0.0375 0.0367
-1.6 0.0548 0.0537 0.0526 0.0516 0.0505 0.0495 0.0485 0.0475 0.0465 0.0455
-1.5 0.0668 0.0655 0.0643 0.0630 0.0618 0.0606 0.0594 0.0582 0.0571 0.0559
-1.4 0.0808 0.0793 0.0778 0.0764 0.0749 0.0735 0.0721 0.0708 0.0694 0.0681
-1.3 0.0968 0.0951 0.0934 0.0918 0.0901 0.0885 0.0869 0.0853 0.0838 0.0823
-1.2 0.1151 0.1131 0.1112 0.1093 0.1075 0.1056 0.1038 0.1020 0.1003 0.0985
-1.1 0.1357 0.1335 0.1314 0.1292 0.1271 0.1251 0.1230 0.1210 0.1190 0.1170
-1.0 0.1587 0.1562 0.1539 0.1515 0.1492 0.1469 0.1446 0.1423 0.1401 0.1379
-0.9 0.1841 0.1814 0.1788 0.1762 0.1736 0.1711 0.1685 0.1660 0.1635 0.1611
-0.8 0.2119 0.2090 0.2061 0.2033 0.2005 0.1977 0.1949 0.1922 0.1894 0.1867
-0.7 0.2420 0.2389 0.2358 0.2327 0.2296 0.2266 0.2236 0.2206 0.2177 0.2148
-0.6 0.2743 0.2709 0.2676 0.2643 0.2611 0.2578 0.2546 0.2514 0.2483 0.2451
-0.5 0.3085 0.3050 0.3015 0.2981 0.2946 0.2912 0.2877 0.2843 0.2810 0.2776
-0.4 0.3446 0.3409 0.3372 0.3336 0.3300 0.3264 0.3228 0.3192 0.3156 0.3121
-0.3 0.3821 0.3783 0.3745 0.3707 0.3669 0.3632 0.3594 0.3557 0.3520 0.3483
-0.2 0.4207 0.4168 0.4129 0.4090 0.4052 0.4013 0.3974 0.3936 0.3897 0.3859
-0.1 0.4602 0.4562 0.4522 0.4483 0.4443 0.4404 0.4364 0.4325 0.4286 0.4247
0.0 0.5000 0.4960 0.4920 0.4880 0.4840 0.4801 0.4761 0.4721 0.4681 0.4641
1. x = 28 µ = 16 =5

2. x = 68 µ = 75 =5
3. x = 1.72 µ = 1.6 = 0.2

4. x = 24 µ = 38 =8

5. x = 50 µ = 45 =6

B. C o m p u t e the following probabilities using the standard normal curve.

C o n s t r u c t a c u r v e t h e n s h a d e t he r e g i o n c o r r e s p o n d i n g t o t he area.
1. P(Z > -1.53)
2. P(Z < 2.89)
3. P(-1.65 < Z < 2.15)
 What’s M o re
A . C o m p l e t e the table b y converting the given values into z -scores. T h e n find
the c o r re s p o n d i n g area u s i n g t he z -table.

Given Z- score Approximate area

1. x = 28 µ = 16 =5

2. x = 68 µ = 75 =5
3. x = 1.72 µ = 1.6 = 0.2

4. x = 24 µ = 38 =8

5. x = 50 µ = 45 =6

B. C o m p u t e the following probabilities using the standard normal curve.

C o n s t r u c t a c u r v e t h e n s h a d e t he r e g i o n c o r r e s p o n d i n g t o t he area.
1. P(Z > -1.53)
2. P(Z < 2.89)
3. P(-1.65 < Z < 2.15)
 What I Have Learned
Direction: Complete the given diagram below by filling up the necessary details a b o u t t h e
s t e p s i n f i n d i n g t h e p r o b a b i l i t y u s i n g t h e s t a n d a r d n o r m a l c u r v e a n d finding the z -scores.
 Assessm ent
1. Which of the following denotes the standard normal
distribution?
A. A
B. X
C. Y
D. Z

2. Which of the following describes the standard normal

distribution?
A. has a mean of zero (0) and a standard deviation of 1.
B. has a mean of 1 and a variance of zero (0).
C. has an area equal to 0.5.
D. cannot be used to approximate discrete probability
distributions.
3. What is the formula in finding the z-score?

4. A random variable X has a m e a n of 4 and a standard deviation of 2.

W h a t is the corresponding z-score for x = 7?
A. 0.5
B. 1.0
C. 1.5
D. 2
5. What is the area if the z - score given is -1.83?
A. 0.0344
B. 0.0336
C. 0.0329
D. 0.0322
 6. What is the z-value if the area is 0.9608? A. -1.76
B. -1.77
C. 1.76
D. 1.77
7 . U sing the standard normal curve, what is the approximate
area of P(1.63 < Z < 2.79)?

A. 0.0049
B. 0.0490
C. 0.9484
D. 0.9974

8. The weights (in kg) of 11-STEM B follow a normal

distribution and has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation
of 5. H o w many students have weights greater than 5 7 ?
A. 1.4
B. 0.0808
C. 0.9192
D. 0.9332
 9. W h a t is the value of 97.5th percentile in a standard normal distribution?
A. -1.96
B. -1.97
C. 1.96
D. 1.97

10. W h a t is the value of 67 th percentile in a standard normal distribution?

A. -0.43
B. -0.44
C. 0.43
D. 0.44

B. Probability of Standard Normal Distribution

Directions: C o m p u t e the following probabilities using the standard n o rm a l
curve. O n your answer sheets, c onstruct a curve then shade the region
corresponding to the area.
1. P(Z > 1.65)
2. P(Z < 2.36)
 Additional Activities
Directions: Analyze the problem below by providing a
comprehensive answer from the given question. Write the complete
solution on your answer sheets.

1. The results of a nationwide aptitude test in

mathematics are normally distributed with me a n =
63 and standard deviation = 5. What is the 97.5 th
percentile?