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Physics P

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Abdullah Dara
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19 views8 pages

Physics P

Uploaded by

Abdullah Dara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VOLTMETERS,

STRUCTURES, AND USAGE

Presented by: Supervised by:


Dr. Bestoon Taha
Abdullah Dara

Lana Abdulrahman
Bilal Idris
Sasan Samad
VOLTMETERS
• A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electric
potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. It is
connected in parallel. It usually has a high resistance so that it takes
negligible current from the circuit.
• Analog voltmeters move a pointer across a scale in proportion to the
voltage measured and can be built from a galvanometer and
series resistor. Meters using amplifiers can measure tiny voltages of
microvolts or less. Digital voltmeters give a numerical display of voltage
by use of an analog-to-digital converter.
VOLTMETERS
• Voltmeters are made in a wide range of styles, some separately powered (e.g.
by battery), and others powered by the measured voltage source itself.
Instruments permanently mounted in a panel are used to monitor generators
or other fixed apparatus. Portable instruments, usually equipped to also
measure current and resistance in the form of a multimeter , are standard test
instruments used in electrical and electronics work. Any measurement that
can be converted to a voltage can be displayed on a meter that is suitably
calibrated; for example, pressure, temperature, flow or level in a chemical
process plant
HOW IS A VOLTMETER CONSTRUCTED?

• The main principle of voltmeter is that it must be connected in parallel in


which we want to measure the voltage. Parallel connection is used
because a voltmeter is constructed in such a way that it has a very high
value of resistance. So if that high resistance is connected in series then
the current flow will be almost zero which means the circuit has become
open.
HOW IS A VOLTMETER CONSTRUCTED?

• If it is connected in parallel, than the load impedance comes parallel


with the high resistance of the voltmeter and hence the combination
will give almost the same the impedance that the load had. Also in
parallel circuit we know that the voltage is same so the voltage
between the voltmeter and the load is almost same and hence
voltmeter measures the voltage.
PARTS OF THE VOLTMETER

• A voltmeter has three parts you need to know about before you can use it:
• Positive input terminal (usually red)
• Negative input terminal (usually black)
• Display, where you'll see the results of the measurement. If your meter is analog
you'll have to read the results from a scale.
STRUCTURE
1. Scale: This is how you read the value being measured.

2. Needle Pointer: This is the needle-shaped rod that moves over the scale of a
meter. The needle pointer is mechanically connected to the moving coil. The
value the pointer hovers over indicates the value being measured by the
multimeter.

3. Adjustment Screw: This part which is also known as the dial or infinity
knob allows you to adjust the pointer to the zero position of the scale.

4. Ports: The holes at the front of the multimeter are known as ports. You need
to plug your test probes into the appropriate ports to allow the multimeter to
measure the parameter that you’re interested in.

5. Range Selector Knob: This part is also known as a selector switch. A range
selector knob allows you to adjust the settings of the multimeter.
HOW TO USE A VOLTMETER
• Step 1: Plug the probes into the meter. Red goes to the positive (+) and black to the
negative (-).
• Step 2: Turn the selector dial or switch to the type of measurement you want. To
measure direct current - a battery, for example - use DCV. To measure alternating
current, such as a wall outlet, use ACV.
• Step 3: Choose the range setting. The dial may have options from 5 to 1000 on the
DCV side and 10 to 1000 on the ACV side. The setting should be the top end of the
voltage you are reading. Not all voltmeters have this setting.
• Step 4: Turn the meter on.

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