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15 views47 pages

FEM Slides

Uploaded by

Gourishankar S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ME-3021D – Introduction to Finite Element Methods

Dr.R PRABHU SEKAR,


Assistant Professor,
Mechanical Engineering Department,
National Institute of Technology Calicut.
Lagrange Interpolation function
 Lagrange element- Interpolation function
Lagrange Interpolation function
 Lagrange element- Interpolation function Natural coordinates (-)

 4 NODE Element -1<(, )<1


Lagrange Interpolation function
 9 NODE Element
Serendipity Elements
 Internal nodes of the higher order elements of the Lagrange family
do not contribute to the interelement, they can condense out at the
element level, so that the size of the element is reduced.
 Serendipity elements are those rectangular elements that have no
interior nodes.
 In other words, all the node points are on the boundary of the
element.
 The interpolation functions for serendipity elements cannot be
obtained using tensor products of one dimensional interpolation
functions.
Serendipity Elements

 8 NODE Element
Serendipity Elements
Serendipity Elements
Serendipity Elements
 12 NODE Element
Iso-parametric formulation
 Coordinate transformation
Iso-parametric formulation
(x ,y) are the coordinates of the real element, (,) are the coordinates
of the master element
Iso-parametric formulation
Iso-parametric formulation

 In the one-dimensional beam problem, linear Lagrange interpolation


is used for geometry transformation whereas, cubic interpolation
functions are used for finding the deflection of the beam. This is the
example for sub-parametric formulation.

 The linear interpolation function is used for approximate the axial


displacement and temperature as well as the geometry
transformation. This is the example for isoparametric formulation.

 Super parametric is rarely used.


Iso-parametric formulation
Iso-parametric formulation
Iso-parametric formulation
This following matrix is called as Jacobian matrix of the
transformation.
Iso-parametric formulation
Iso-parametric formulation
Iso-parametric formulation

The inverse of the Jacobian matrix is given by


Iso-parametric formulation
Iso-parametric formulation
 Gauss Legendre quadrature numerical integration method is
used to evaluate the stiffness matrix.

 M and N denote the number of Gauss points in the master elements.


FEM for Two dimension
The second order single variable partial differential equation
FEM for Two dimension
The final step of the weak formulation is

The approximation for depended variable is


FEM for Two dimension
 The final step of the finite element formulation
FEM for Two dimension

If a11=kx, a12=0
a22=ky a21=0
kx=ky
Evaluation of Element Matrix
Evaluation of Element Matrix
Evaluation of Element Matrix
Evaluation of Element Matrix
Evaluation of Element Matrix
 For getting the stiffness matrix in the second type of element, move
the rows and columns in the order of 1-3, 3-2, 2-1.
Evaluation of Element Matrix
Evaluation of Boundary Integral
 The boundary integral term is

 qn is specified in the outer surface only.


Evaluation of Boundary Integral
Evaluation of Boundary Integral
Evaluation of Boundary Integral

The interpolation function for side 1 in s-t coordinates,

The interpolation function for side 2 in s-t coordinates,


Evaluation of Boundary Integral

The interpolation function for side 3 in s-t coordinates,


Evaluation of Boundary Integral

i- node number and j side number


Evaluation of Boundary Integral
Evaluation of Boundary Integral
Evaluation of Boundary Integral
Evaluation of Boundary Integral
Evaluation of Boundary Integral
Evaluation of Boundary Integral
Assembly of the stiffness matrix

b qn

2
a
Assembly of the stiffness matrix
Assembly of the stiffness matrix
Assembly of the stiffness matrix
The combined stiffness matrix is

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