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Retrofitting

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Swaraj Rathod
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79 views26 pages

Retrofitting

Uploaded by

Swaraj Rathod
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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D. Y.

Patil College of Engineering, Akurdi, Pune 44


Department of Civil Engineering
Academic Year: 2022-23, Semester II

AUDIT COURSE
DISASTER MANAGEMENT

RETROFITTING OF BUILDING
GROUP MEMBERS:
1. PRANAV TANAJI JADHAV [64]
2. BHUSHAN PRAKASH WAGH [76]
3. VRUTTANT AVICHAL YARMAL [77]
4. DHANANJAY SHANKAR KUMBHAR [79]
RETROFITTING OF BUILDING
WHAT IS RETROFITTING?

• This process is typically performed in older buildings or homes to bring them up to current
standards and improve their energy efficiency. Retrofitting can be an effective way to
improve the energy efficiency and sustainability of existing buildings and homes.
• Retrofitting of RCC structural members is carried out to regain the strength of deteriorated
structural concrete elements.
• The strength deficiency of concrete structural members can be due to poor workmanship,
design errors, and deterioration due to the aggression of harmful agents.
• The main goal of retrofitting is to stabilize the current structure of buildings and make them
earthquake resistant.
WHAT IS NEED RETROFITTING

• There are several problems that structural members experience and needed to be
tackled among them some common problems include:
• Structural cracks
• Damage to structural members
• Excessive loading
• Errors in design or construction
• Modification of the structural system
• Seismic damage
• Corrosion due to penetration- honeycombs
METHODS OF RETROFITTING OF BUILDING

• The following are the most common method of retrofitting a building


a. Adding New Shear Wall
b.Adding Steel Bracing
c. Wall Thickening Technique
d.Base Isolation Technique
e. Mass Reduction Technique
f. Jacketing Method
g. Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP)
h.Epoxy Injection Method
i. External Plate Bonding
1. Adding New Shear Wall:

•This is a frequently used technique for retrofitting of


a building of non-ductile reinforced concrete frame
buildings.
•The elements can be either cast-in-place or pre-cast
concrete elements.
•New elements preferably are placed at the exterior
of the building.
•This method is not preferred in the interior of the
structure to avoid interior moldings.
2. Adding Steel Bracing

•Steel bracing is an effective solution in the retrofitting of


buildings when large openings are required.
•Potential advantages due to higher strength and stiffness and
opening for natural light can be provided.
•The amount of work is also less so foundation cost may be
minimized and adds much less weight to the existing structure.
3. Wall Thickening Technique

• The existing walls of a building are added a certain thickness by adding bricks, concrete, and
steel aligned at certain places as reinforcement.
• The weight of the wall increases and it can bear more vertical and horizontal loads.
• Also, it is designed under special conditions so so that the transverse loads do not cause
sudden failure of the wall.
• Rust can be developed on reinforcement if not covered properly by mortar.
4. Base Isolation Technique

•Isolation of the superstructure from the foundation is known as base


isolation. It is the most powerful method for passive structural
vibration control techniques.
•When a building is isolated from the ground it causes lesser seismic
loads, hence lesser damage to the structure and minimum repair of the
super-structure.
•The main demerit of this method is, it cannot be applied to structures
like other retrofitting and is expensive in the budget.
•This method is inefficient for high-rise buildings and not suitable for
buildings resting on soft soils.
5. Mass Reduction Technique

•In mass reduction technique, for instance, by removal


of one or more storeys as shown in the figure.
•In this method, it is evident that the removal of the
mass will lead to a decrease in the loading, which will
lead to an increase in the required strength.
6. Jacketing Method:

 It is the most used method of retrofitting of building.


 Jacketing is the most popularly used method for the
strengthening of columns and beams of a building.
 Jacketing consists of added concrete with longitudinal
and transverse reinforcement around the existing
columns.
 It improves the axial and shear strength of the column
and major strengthening of the foundation may be
avoided.
7. Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP)

 A fiber-reinforced polymer is an axial strengthening system used to


improve or enhance the capacity of reinforced concrete beams.
 It can be used for both circular as well as rectangular-shaped columns but it
is more effective in the former shape.
 FRP increases the ultimate load-carrying capacity of reinforced concrete
members and improves the shear capacity of the reinforced concrete
element.
 Also, the ductility of a reinforced concrete column is increased
considerably.
8. Epoxy Injection Method

 Epoxy injection is an economical method of repairing non-moving cracks


in concrete walls, slabs, columns, and piers. In retrofitting buildings,
epoxy injection is used to fill and repair the structural fault.
 It is capable of restoring the strength of concrete to its pre-cracked
strength.
 The epoxy tensile bond to the concrete is stronger than the tensile
strength of concrete.
 Strengthening is provided by installing additional reinforcement across
the failure plane in combination with the epoxy resin injection.
9. External Plate Bonding

 Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with external plates or strips is a


conventional method and has been utilized for many decades.
 The external plate bonding method can be used for increasing the shear
strength of reinforced concrete beams by completely or partially wrapping
steel plates at the joint of a column and beam.
 An external plate providing perpendicular to potential shear cracks is
effective to increase the shear strength of the concrete reinforced member.
 The additional shear strength is achieved, but depending on beam geometry,
existing concrete strength, and applied the wrapping method.
10. Section-Enlarging Reinforcing
Method

 The enlarged cross-section method is used to increase the


components of the reinforcement area, which enhance the
bearing capacity and also increases its cross-section stiffness
and changes the natural frequency of vibration.
 This method is widely used in the reinforced concrete
structure of the beam, slabs, columns, etc.
 The enlarged cross-section method is suitable for the
reinforcement of reinforced concrete bending and
compression member.
THE BENEFIT OF RETROFITTING OF BUILDING:

 This technique is used to prevent displacement from the concrete foundation of the structure.
 It improves the stability and safety levels of the structure.
 Retrofitting buildings is more adaptable and suitable for existing activities or future activities and
make a building more comfortable to resist loading.
 Helps to prevent damage to the structure and injury to the occupants.
 Retrofitted buildings are more energy-efficient and lower carbon emissions from building operations.
 The process helps to improve a resident’s ability to keep residents safe when there is an earthquake.
 Retrofitting also helps to make homes more habitable after any major earthquake.
 Also, when you get retrofitting done in your home, most insurance companies have increased their
insurance benefits.
 Increasing the local capacity of the structural and non-structural components.
DEMERITS OF RETROFITTING OF BUILDING

Other than the advantages, retrofitting also has several disadvantages, such as:
• The skilled worker must be complying with the adopted retrofitting approaches
• Limited access to the construction site, since the building could be still in function.
• Difficult bonding mats arise between old masonry and the new concrete surface.
• Concrete has higher strength than old masonry structures, thus special care should be given
to specify the strength of overlaid concrete.
CONCLUSION
• There are developments of new techniques for the search of better sustainable
retrofitting methods. These techniques mentioned above are the most used ones.
The architect, engineer, or code official must recognize that retrofitting a
structure influences how that structure reacts to hazards other than those
associated with floodwaters, such as wind hazards. A holistic approach should be
taken with regards to hazards when possible. Flood-related hazards such as
water-borne ice and debris impact forces, erosion forces, and mudslide impacts,
as well as non-flood-related hazards such as earthquake and wind forces, should
also be considered in the retrofitting process. Retrofitting a structure to withstand
only floodwater-generated forces may impair the structure’s ability to withstand
the multiple hazards mentioned above. Thus, it is important to approach the
retrofitting method selection and design process with a multi-hazard perspective.
REFERENCE
1. https://iitr.ac.in/Departments/Earthquake%20Department/static/e-learning/seismic_retrofitt
ing_p2.pdf
2. https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=APwXEdcmPS8ObK8BEDzCPaMSFppv4d1sEA%
3A1684169288492&lei=SGJiZPzRHZbL2roP3_aIsAI&q=case%20study%20on%20retrof
itting%20in%20india&ved=2ahUKEwj8lbrB4_f-AhWWpVYBHV87AiYQsKwBKAB6B
AhWEAE

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