Computer Networks
Computer Networks
Local Area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) Metro Area Network (MAN)
A network of devices within a small A network of connected devices over a A network of connected devices within
geographic area such as a home or large geographic area. Internet is the a city or metropolitan area. Used by
office. Often used for sharing resources largest WAN. Used for sharing large organizations or government
like printers and files. information across long distances. agencies for data management and
sharing.
Network Topologies
Bus Topology Star Topology Ring Topology
All devices are connected to a Uses a central device like a switch Devices are connected in a circle or
single cable called a "bus". Data is or hub to connect all devices. Data ring with data passing from one
transmitted to all devices on the is transmitted through the central device to the other in a predefined
cable. device. direction.
Mesh Topology
Every device is connected to every other device. Used in critical networks like financial trading systems.
Network Protocols
1 2 3 4
The backbone of the A protocol used for A protocol used for A system that translates
Internet, it enables communication transferring files domain names into IP
computers to between web servers between computers, addresses, helping
communicate with each and web browsers, often used by web computers to locate
other over long responsible for loading developers to upload each other on the
distances. web pages. their work onto their Internet.
web server.
Network Security
A software or hardware tool that A software tool that scans computers The process of transforming data into a
prevents unauthorized access to a and servers for viruses and malware. secure format that cannot be easily
computer or network. Often used to Installed on endpoints to prevent interpreted by unauthorized people to
block hackers, viruses, and malware attacks on office or personal devices. ensure secure transmission of data
from accessing sensitive data. across networks.
The Future of Computer Networks
3 5G Connectivity
Benefits Challenges