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Numbering Systems

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13 views17 pages

Numbering Systems

Uploaded by

lordzjason26
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NUMBERING SYSTEMS

What is a Numbering System?


 Is a systematic way to represent numbers
with symbolic characters and uses a base
value to conveniently group numbers in
compact form. The most common number
system is decimal, which has a base value
of 10, and a symbolic character set of 0, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
What is a Numbering System?
 However, there are other number systems,
and they can be more efficient to use for a
specific purpose. For example, because
computers use Boolean logic to perform
calculations and operations, they use the
binary number system, which has a base
value of 2.
Table of Number Systems
Number system Base value Symbolic character
set

Binary 2 0,1

Octal 8 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Decimal 10 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
and 9
Hexadecimal 16 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, A, B, C, D, E, F
DECIMAL
NUMBERING SYSTEMS
DECIMAL
 Most people today use decimal
representation to count. In the decimal
system there are 10 digits:

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Decimal
 The value is formed by the sum of each
digit, multiplied by the base (in this case it
is 10 because there are 10 digits in
decimal system) in power of digit position
(counting from zero):
Example:
 754

 547
BINARY
NUMBERING SYSTEMS
Binary
 Computers are not as smart as humans
are (or not yet), it's easy to make an
electronic machine with two
states: on and off, or 1 and 0.
Computers use binary system, binary
system uses 2 digits:

0, 1

And thus the base is 2.


Binary
 Each digit in a binary number is called
a BIT, 4 bits form a NIBBLE, 8 bits form
a BYTE, two bytes form a WORD, two
words form a DOUBLE WORD (rarely
used):
Example:
 10100101
HEXADECIMAL
NUMBERING SYSTEMS
Hexadecimal
 Hexadecimal System uses 16 digits:

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F

And thus the base is 16.


Hexadecimal
 It is very easy to convert numbers from
binary system to hexadecimal system and
vice-versa, every nibble (4 bits) can be
converted to a hexadecimal digit using this
table:
Decimal Binary Hexadecimal
(base 10) (base 2) (base 16)
0 0000 0
1 0001 1
2 0010 2
3 0011 3
4 0100 4
5 0101 5
6 0110 6
7 0111 7
8 1000 8
9 1001 9
10 1010 A
11 1011 B
12 1100 C
13 1101 D
14 1110 E
15 1111 F
Example:
 1234

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