Biology

Human
Reproduction
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 The male reproductive system

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 The female reproductive system

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 Male or female?

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 Reproductive system

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 Label the parts….

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 Label the parts

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 The menstrual cycle

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The menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle is when the body prepares the

uterus lining so that it is able to receive a fertilized egg.

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 The fertile period

• This is the time in the cycle when the

woman could get pregnant after having
sex.

Between days 11 and days 16 of the

menstrual cycle

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 Label the parts…

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 Contents

7B Reproduction

Ovulation, fertilization and implantation

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 Today’s objectives

You should learn about:

• What happens during ovulation,
fertilisation and implantation

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 Homework

• Worksheet on Atomic structure

• Learn definitions of fertilisation,

implantation, fertile period and ovulation

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 Male sex cells

In males, the sex cells are called sperm. They are made in
the testes

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 Female sex cells

In females, the sex cells are called eggs. They are made in
the ovary.

nucleus containing
chromosomes

An egg is so big that this is how

small a sperm looks next to it.

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 Sperm or egg?

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 Ovulation and fertilization
In the female, one of the ovaries releases an egg every
28 days. This is called ovulation.
During sexual intercourse millions of sperm are ejaculated
into the vagina.
If a sperm meets the egg a zygote is formed. This called
fertilization.

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 Fertilization and implantation

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 Word check – reproduction processes

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 Contents

Reproduction

Embryo development

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 What happens after fertilisation?

• Once the zygote is made the cells divide

many times

• It is now called an embryo and it will sink

into the lining of the uterus, this is called
implantation.

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 The placenta
How does an embryo get food and
oxygen and how does it get rid of waste?

A placenta is formed which allows it to exchange material

with the mother

The umbilical cord joins the embryo to the placenta.

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 The placenta

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 What happens in the placenta?

• In the placenta, food and diffuse from the

mother’s blood into the blood of the
fetus.

• Carbon dioxide and waste products diffuse

from the blood of the fetus to the
mother’s blood.

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 From embryo to fetus

After the first eight weeks of pregnancy,

a human embryo is then called a fetus.

The fetus continues to develop and grow

inside its mothers’ uterus for a total of
40 weeks.

What happens next?

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 From embryo to fetus – animation

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 From embryo to fetus – activity

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 Birth animation

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 What is puberty?

Puberty is the stage between the ages of 10 – 18 when the

sex organs of humans become active

Think about…

What happens to i) boys and ii) girls

during puberty?

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 Puberty in girls

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 Puberty in boys

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 Contraception

Contraception is the steps we take to reduce the chance

of getting pregnant or giving birth

Should
contraception be
allowed in Ireland?

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 Glossary
 egg - The female sex cell.
 embryo - The first two months of development of a baby.
 fertilization - When the egg and sperm nuclei fuse.
 menstruation - The monthly cycle in females.
 ovary - The part of the female reproductive system that
produces eggs.
 ovulation - The release of an eggs from the ovary.
 placenta - The structure made by an embryo to obtain
food and oxygen from its mother.
 puberty - The time when sex organs begin to work.
 sperm - The male sex cell.
 testis - The part of the male reproductive system that
produces sperm.

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 Anagrams

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 Multiple-choice quiz

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