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CH - 01 - 2 OSI Reference Model

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85 views26 pages

CH - 01 - 2 OSI Reference Model

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Sahal
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Chapter 1

• Network – H/W & S/W


• Layered task
• Ex. Communicate 2 friend by postal mail
• 1 Higher Layer
• 2 Middle Layer
• 3 Lower Layer
Carrier for transmission

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Chapter 1
Network Model

• The OSI model


standard for data communication.
• The TCP/IP Model
protocol suite – commercial Architecture

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-1
OSI Model

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-2
OSI Layers

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-3
An Exchange Using the OSI Model

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-4

Layer 1. Physical Layer

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Layer 1. Physical Layer
• Carry a bit stream over physical channel
• Physical- devices e.g. NIC
transmission media- cable.
• Bit pattern - (0001101)
must be transmitted- electrical/ optical signal
• Clock synchronization.
• Line configuration
• Physical Topology
• Transmission mode
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Figure 3-5

Layer 2. Data Link Layer

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-6

Data Link Layer Example

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Layer 2. Data link Layer
• Framing- stream , group of bits.
• Physical Addressing
• Flow control
• Error control
• Access control
• node to node delivery.

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-7

Layer 3. Network Layer

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-8
Network Layer Example

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-8-continued
Network Layer Example

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Layer 3. Network layer
(End to End packet delivery)
• The Network Layer Performs
network routing functions
responsible for S to D delivery of packets
fragmentation and reassembly
• Routing- define route
- independent n/w connection create large n/w
• Logical Addressing
Sender’s Address – Receiver’s Address

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-9
Layer 4. Transport Layer
Process to process delivery of message
-Message arrive in order

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-10
Transport Layer Example

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 3-10-continued

Transport Layer Example

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Layer 4. Transport Layer
• The Transport Layer provides transparent
transfer of data between end users,
providing reliable data transfer services to
the upper layers.
• The Transport Layer controls the reliability
of a given link through flow control,
segmentation/desegmentation, and error
control.

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Layer 4. Transport Layer
• Service Point Addressing (PORT)
• Several programs at same time

process Process
A ------------- B

• Segmentation & reassembly


-Transmittable segments, Seq no.
• Connection Control services.
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Figure 3-11
Layer 5. Session Layer

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Layer 5: Session Layer
• The Session Layer controls the dialogues
(connections) between computers.
• It establishes, manages and terminates the
connections between the local and remote
application.
• It provides for full-duplex, half-duplex,
or simplex operation, and establishes
checkpointing
(e.g. file of 2000 pages & chk point of 100 pages.),
• termination, and restart procedures.
2
Figure 3-12

Layer 6. Presentation Layer

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Layer 6: Presentation Layer
• Different Syntax & semantic information
• Translation
-encoding
sender dependent format
common format
receiver dependent format
-encryption. –carry sensitive info.
-compression.- reduce the nr. of bits.
(e.g. multimedia, text, audio, video) 2
Figure 3-13

Layer 7. Application Layer

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Layer 7: Application Layer
• Provide Services
- E-mail
- Remote file access / Transfer
- Shared database management
• Application
-X.400 message handling service.
-X.500 directory service.
-FTAM
2
Figure 3-14

Summary of Layer Functions

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998

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