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Assignment 1

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Mary Roshia Peter
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18 views5 pages

Assignment 1

Uploaded by

Mary Roshia Peter
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT-1

Programming using Octave


submitted by
Mary Roshia Peter
963321106060
52
BE/ECE
Program :
% Clear the command window and any variables in the workspaceclearclc% Define the number of data pointsN =
1000; % number of data% Define the size of the signal constellationmlevel = 4; % size of signal constellation%
Calculate the number of bits per symbolk = log2(mlevel); % number of bits per symbol% Generate random binary
bit stream of length Nx = randi([0 1], N, 1); % signal generation in bit stream% Convert the bit stream into
symbols using binary to decimal conversion% Reshape the binary stream into a matrix with each column
representing a symbol% and each row representing a set of bits for each symbol% 'left-msb' indicates that the
most significant bit (MSB) is on the left sidexsym = bi2de(reshape(x, k, length(x)/k).', 'left-msb'); % convert the bit
stream into symbol stream% Modulate the symbols using Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)xmod =
qammod(xsym, mlevel); % modulation% Store the modulated symbols in a variable for transmissionTx_x = xmod;
% Define the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in decibelsSNR = 5;% Add Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) to the
transmitted signalTx_awgn = awgn(Tx_x, SNR, 'measured'); % adding AWGN% Store the received signal after
noise additionRx_x = Tx_awgn; % Received signal% Demodulate the received signal to recover the
symbolsRx_x_demod = qamdemod(Rx_x, mlevel); % demodulation% Convert the demodulated symbols back to
binary bitsz = de2bi(Rx_x_demod, 'left-msb'); % Convert integers to bits.% Convert the matrix of bits back to a
vectorRx_x_BitStream = reshape(z.', prod(size(z)), 1); % Convert z from a matrix to a vector.% Calculate the Bit
Error Rate (BER) by comparing the transmitted and received bits[number_of_errors, bit_error_rate] = biterr(x,
Rx_x_BitStream); % Calculate BER% Plot each step of the processsubplot(5,2,[1 2]); stem(x(1:200),'filled');
title('Transmitted Bit Stream');subplot(5,2,[3 4]); stem(xsym(1:50),'filled'); title('Transmitted
Symbol');subplot(5,2,5); plot(real(Tx_x), imag(Tx_x), 'go', 'MarkerFaceColor', [0, 1, 0]); axis([-mlevel/2
mlevel/2 -mlevel/2 mlevel/2]);subplot(5,2,6); plot(real(Rx_x), imag(Rx_x), 'go', 'MarkerFaceColor', [0, 1, 0]);
axis([-mlevel/2 mlevel/2 -mlevel/2 mlevel/2]);subplot(5,2,[7 8]); stem(Rx_x_demod(1:50),'filled');
title('Received Symbol');subplot(5,2,[9 10]); stem(Rx_x_BitStream(1:200),'filled'); title('Received BitStream');
Output:
THANK YOU

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