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Introduction To Kosarajus Algorithm

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7 views

Introduction To Kosarajus Algorithm

Uploaded by

amsanthoshkumar2004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Kosaraju's Algorithm

Kosaraju's algorithm is a powerful technique for finding strongly connected


components (SCCs) in directed graphs. It's a two-pass algorithm that first
explores the graph in reverse order and then traverses the original graph,
efficiently identifying all the SCCs.

Aa
by A.M. santhosh
Directed Graphs and Strongly Connected
Components
Directed graphs are collections of nodes (vertices) connected by directed edges. In such graphs, the concept of
strongly connected components (SCCs) is crucial. An SCC is a set of vertices where every vertex is reachable from
every other vertex within the same component.
The Two-Pass Approach of Kosaraju's
Algorithm
Pass 1: Reverse Graph Exploration
Perform a depth-first search (DFS) on the reverse of the input graph,
keeping track of the finishing times of vertices.

1 2

Pass 2: Original Graph Exploration


Perform a second DFS on the original graph, using the finishing times
from the first pass to determine the order of exploration.
Step 1: Perform a Depth-First Search
(DFS) on the Reverse Graph
Reverse the Graph DFS Traversal
Start by creating a new graph where all the Conduct a depth-first search (DFS) on the
edges are reversed compared to the original reversed graph, keeping track of the
graph. finishing times of each vertex.

Store Finishing Times


The finishing times recorded during the DFS will be used in the second pass of the algorithm.
Step 2: Perform a DFS on the Original Graph

Explore Graph in Finishing Time Order


In the second pass, perform a DFS on the original graph, but this time explore the vertices in
decreasing order of their finishing times from the first pass.

Group Vertices into SCCs


The vertices reached during each DFS traversal will form a strongly connected component (SCC).

Identify All SCCs


Repeat this process until all vertices have been explored, capturing all the strongly connected
components in the graph.
Identifying Strongly Connected Components

Vertex Reachability Shared Ancestors Efficient Identification

In an SCC, each vertex is All vertices in an SCC share a Kosaraju's algorithm efficiently
reachable from every other common ancestor, which is the identifies all SCCs by leveraging
vertex within the same last vertex visited during the the order of vertex exploration in
component. DFS on the reversed graph. the two passes.
Time Complexity and Space Complexity
of Kosaraju's Algorithm

1 Time Complexity 2 Space Complexity


The time complexity of Kosaraju's The space complexity is O(V), as the
algorithm is O(V+E), where V is the algorithm requires storing the finishing
number of vertices and E is the number times of vertices and the exploration of
of edges in the graph. the graph.

3 Efficient and Scalable


Kosaraju's algorithm is an efficient and scalable solution for identifying strongly connected
components in large, directed graphs.
Applications and Use Cases of Kosaraju's
Algorithm

Web Crawling Social Network Route Planning Recommendation


Analysis Systems
Identifying strongly The algorithm can be
connected components Kosaraju's algorithm used to optimize Strongly connected
in web graphs can aid in can uncover tightly-knit transportation routes in components can inform
web crawling and communities within directed graph-based personalized
indexing. social networks. systems. recommendations in
various domains.

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