Learning objective

• To use estimation to check answers to a calculation.

Success Criteria
• I can find near numbers.
• I can use near numbers to estimate the answers to addition calculations.
• I can use near numbers to estimate the answers to subtraction calculations.
 Remember It
Can you useDid
number
you use
factsanother
to answer
method?
these questions?

50 + 40 = 90 200 + 300 = 500

70 − 40 = 30 400 − 150 = 250

80 − 40 = 40 800 − 500 = 300

30 + 70 = 100 100 − 20 = 80

20 + 70 = 90 300 + 70 = 370

90 + 80 = 170 800 − 250 = 550

 Near Numbers
Which calculation is easier to do in your head?
72 – 47 =
70 – 50 =
It is easier to do mental calculations when the
numbers are tens numbers, as they end in 0.

72 is near
70 7 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
to 70.
1

47 is near
40 4 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
to 50.
1
 Near Numbers
Which calculation is easier to do in your head?
70 – 50 =
72
We could use 70 – 50 to estimate the answer to 72 – 47
before we work it out. An estimate is a sensible, close
guess.

First, let’s practise finding near numbers.

We can find near tens numbers to help us estimate.

 Near Numbers
What is the nearest tens number to 23?

First, we need to find the previous

The
The next
23 istens
previousnearer
number
tens to 20.is is
number 30.20.
and next tens numbers.

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
 Near Numbers
What is the nearest tens number to 78?

First, we need to find the previous

The
The next
78 istens
previousnearer
number
tens to 80.is is
number 80.70.
and next tens number.

70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
 Near Numbers
What is the nearest tens number to 85?

85 is halfway in between! We could call this the

First, we need to find the previous
midpoint. If theThe
number
The 85isisat
next
previous nearer
tens to 90.is is90.
thenumber
tens midpoint,
number we
80.
and next tens numbers.
always go up to the next tens number.

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
 Near Numbers
Let’s practise what we’ve learnt.
What is the nearest tens number to 97?

The nearest tens number to 97 is 100.

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
 Near Numbers
What is the nearest tens number to 64?

The nearest tens number to 64 is 60.

60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
 Near Numbers
What is the nearest tens number to 75?

The nearest
75 istens number
at the to 75 is 80.
midpoint.

70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
 Near Numbers
Can you find each near tens number?

73 70 91 90

67 70 89 90

55 60 22 20
 Near Numbers
Which calculation is easier to do in your head?
237 + 381 =
230 + 380 =
200 + 400 =
With some mental calculations, we might want to
use hundreds numbers instead of tens numbers. This
makes it easier to estimate the answer in our heads.
 Near Numbers
Which calculation is easier to do in your head?
237 + 381 =
230 + 380 =
200 + 400 =
237

237 is near
200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300
to 200.

381

381 is near
300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400
to 400.
 Near Numbers
Which calculation is easier to do in your head?
237 + 381 =
230 + 380 =
200 + 400 =
We could use 200 + 400 to estimate the answer to 237
+ 381 before we work it out.

We could also use 200 + 400 to check our answer to 237 + 381
after we have worked it out, as we know the answers will be
near each other.

Let’s practise finding near hundreds numbers.

 Near Numbers
What is the nearest hundreds number to 237?

First,
The previous
we need to
hundreds
find thenumber
previous
The next237hundreds
is nearernumber
to 200. is 300.
and next hundreds
is 200. numbers.

237

200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300
 Near Numbers
Did you know that we don’t need to label every
tens number on the number line? We could just
label the midpoint. 250 is halfway between 200
and 300.

237237
is before
is nearer
the to
midpoint.
200.

237

200 250 300

 Near Numbers
What is the nearest hundreds number to 744?

744744
is before
is nearer
the to
midpoint.
700.

744

700 750 800

 Near Numbers
What is the nearest hundreds number to 469?

469
469
is after
is nearer
the midpoint.
to 500.

469

400 450 500

 Near Numbers
Let’s practise what we’ve learnt.
What is the nearest hundreds number to 872?

The nearest hundreds

number to 872 is 900.

872

800 850 900

 Near Numbers
What is the nearest hundreds number to 442?

The nearest hundreds

number to 442 is 400.

442

400 450 500

 Near Numbers
Let’s look at 442. When we looked at hundreds numbers,
we found that 442 was nearer to 400.
However, we can see that 442 is closer to 450 than 400.
We could make our estimate closer if we found the
nearest fifty.

442

400 450 500

 Near Numbers
Can
Could
you
you
find
challenge
each near
yourself
hundreds
andnumber?
find the nearest fifty?

713 700 862 900 or 850

182 200 377 400

675 700 346 300 or 350

 Clowning Around

Can you remember what estimation is?

Estimation is finding a number that is

close enough to the exact answer. It is an
approximate answer.

We can use near numbers to estimate an

answer before we work it out, or check it
after we have worked it out.
 Clowning Around
32 + 47 =
Let’s find near numbers so we can estimate the answer.

32 is near to 30.
47 is near to 50.
30 + 50 = 80
The estimate should be close to the exact answer.
What is 32 + 47? You may be able to do this in your head, or
you could write it down to check.

T O

3 2 32 + 47 = 79
This is close to our
+ 4 7
estimate of 80.
7 9
 Clowning Around
87 − 55 =
We can also use estimation with subtraction.

87 is near to 90.
55 is near to 60.
90 − 60 = 30
The estimate should be close to the exact answer.
Let’s work out 87 − 55.

T O

8 7 87 - 55 = 32
This is close to our
− 5 5
estimate of 30.
3 2
 Clowning Around
118 + 278 =
Let’s use the nearest hundreds numbers.

118 is near to 100.

278 is near to 300.
100 + 300 = 400
The estimate should be close to the exact answer.
Let’s work out 118 + 278.

H T O

1 1 8 118 + 278 = 396

+ 2 7 8 This is close to our

3 9 6 estimate of 400.
1
 Clowning Around
542 − 381 =
We could even use the nearest fifty.

542 is near to 550.

381 is near to 400.
550 − 400 = 150
The estimate should be close to the exact answer.
Let’s work out 542 − 381.

H T O
4
5 1
4 2 542 - 381 = 161

− 3 8 1 This is close to our

1 6 1 estimate of 150.
 Flying High
Estimate the total of the numbers
on the trapeze artists.
39

43

Which answer is the most accurate?

70 80 90 100
 Flying High
Estimate the difference between the
numbers on the trapeze artist.
48

293

Which answer is the most accurate?

150 300 200 250

 Spot the Error
Use what you know about estimation. Do you think the answer to each
calculation is sensible or not?

x
276 + 123 = 299

x
81 − 26 = 35
515 - 145 = 370



49 + 84 = 133
511 + 291 = 802
 Learning objective
• To use estimation to check answers to a calculation.

Success Criteria
• I can find near numbers.
• I can use near numbers to estimate the answers to addition calculations.
• I can use near numbers to estimate the answers to subtraction calculations.
1. What have you learned from this presentation?

2.Which part of the presentation do you think you need assistance?