TOPIC:NUMBER

SYSTEM
CONVERSION
PAPER NAME:DIGITAL SYSTEM
DESIGNE
PAPER CODE:EC302
NAME:SUBHAJIT MANDAL
ROLL NO:13000322062
STREAM:ECE
Why understanding number system conversion

P R E S E N TAT I O N
is important

Have you ever wondered how computers perform complex calculations

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in seconds? Or how your smartphone can store thousands of photos
and videos? It all comes down to number system conversion.
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Understanding number system conversion is crucial in today's digital
age. Whether you're a student, a professional or just someone who uses

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technology on a daily basis, knowing how to convert between decimal,

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binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers can make a huge difference.
WHAT ARE
NUMBER SYSTEMS
Number systems are a way of representing numbers using
symbols or digits. The most common number system is the
decimal system, which uses ten digits (0-9) to represent
numbers. However, there are other number systems that are
used in different fields, such as computer science and
electronics.
Binary is a number system that uses only two digits (0 and 1)
to represent numbers. Octal is a base-8 number system that
uses eight digits (0-7), while hexadecimal is a base-16 number
system that uses sixteen digits (0-9 and A-F). Each of these
number systems has its own unique properties and
advantages, and understanding how they work can be
incredibly useful for solving problems in various areas.
CONVERTIN DECIMAL TO
BINARY
TO CONVERT A DECIMAL NUMBER TO BINARY, YOU NEED TO
DIVIDE THE DECIMAL NUMBER BY 2 AND KEEP TRACK OF
THE REMAINDERS. START WITH THE LARGEST POWER OF 2
THAT IS LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO THE DECIMAL NUMBER
AND WRITE DOWN A 1 IN THE CORRESPONDING PLACE
VALUE. SUBTRACT THE POWER OF 2 FROM THE DECIMAL
NUMBER AND CONTINUE THE PROCESS UNTIL THE DECIMAL
NUMBER BECOMES 0.
FOR EXAMPLE, LET'S CONVERT THE DECIMAL NUMBER 13 TO

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BINARY. THE LARGEST POWER OF 2 THAT IS LESS THAN OR

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EQUAL TO 13 IS 8, SO WE WRITE DOWN A 1 IN THE 8'S PLACE.
WE SUBTRACT 8 FROM 13 TO GET 5. THE LARGEST POWER OF

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2 THAT IS LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 5 IS 4, SO WE WRITE
DOWN A 1 IN THE 4'S PLACE. WE SUBTRACT 4 FROM 5 TO GET
1. THE LARGEST POWER OF 2 THAT IS LESS THAN OR EQUAL
TO 1 IS 1, SO WE WRITE DOWN A 1 IN THE 1'S PLACE. WE
SUBTRACT 1 FROM 1 TO GET 0. SO THE BINARY
REPRESENTATION OF 13 IS 1101.
 C O N V E RT I N G B I N A RY T O

P R E S E N TAT I O N
DECIMAL
• To convert a binary number to a decimal number, you need to understand the place value
system. Each digit in a binary number has a specific place value, just like in a decimal number.

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The only difference is that the place values in a binary number are powers of 2 instead of
powers of 10.
• To convert a binary number to a decimal number, you need to multiply each digit by its
corresponding place value and then add up the results. For example, to convert the binary 5
number 1011 to decimal, you would do the following calculation: 1 x 2^3 + 0 x 2^2 + 1 x 2^1 +
1 x 2^0 = 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 11. It's important to note that the rightmost digit in a binary number

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represents the ones place, the next digit to the left represents the twos place, and so on.

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• A common mistake when converting binary to decimal is forgetting to use the correct place

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values. Another mistake is not starting from the rightmost digit and working your way left. To
avoid these mistakes, it's important to take your time and double-check your work.
C O N V E RT I N G
BETWEEN OTHER
NUMBER SYSTEMS

Octal and hexadecimal are two other commonly

used number systems in computer science.
Octal is base 8, meaning there are eight possible
digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Hexadecimal is
base 16, meaning there are sixteen possible
digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E,
and F.
 P R E S E N TAT I O N
REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS OF NUMBER
SYSTEM CONVERSION

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Number system conversion is crucial in computer programming, where it's used to represent data in different
formats. For example, binary is commonly used to represent machine code instructions, while hexadecimal
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is used to represent memory addresses. Understanding number system conversion is essential for
programmers to work with these representations effectively.

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In networking, IP addresses are represented in binary form and converted to decimal for human readability.

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Network engineers must be familiar with number system conversion to troubleshoot network issues
effectively. Cryptography also uses number system conversion to encrypt and decrypt messages. Without
understanding how to convert between number systems, secure communication would be impossible
P R E S E N TAT I O N T I T L E M a y 2 1 , 2 0 X X
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