GOLLIS UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF
DEPARTMENT SOCIAL WORK

COURSE SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
CHAPTER I SYSTEM

Lecturer Abdulkadir M. Dualeh 29-Jun-2024

Sem-3- Class of Social

welcome
 INTRODUCTION
• MIS Importance, Definition
•  Nature and Scope of MIS
•  Structure and Classification of MIS
•  Information and Systems Concept
•  Types of Information
•  Information Systems for Competitive
Advantages.
• Case Study: MIS at any Business Establishmen

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

• It refers to the processing of information
through computers and other intelligent
devices to manage and support managerial
decisions within an organization.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

• Management Information Systems (MIS) is the study of
people, technology, organizations, and the relationships
among them. MIS professionals help firms realize maximum
benefit from investment in personnel, equipment, and
business processes. MIS is a people oriented field with an
emphasis on service through technology.
• MIS stands for management information system. Business
managers at all levels of an organization, from assistant
managers to executives, rely on reports generated from
these systems to help them evaluate their business' daily
activities or problems that arise, make decisions, and track
progres
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• Management Information System, commonly
referred to as MIS is a phrase consisting of
three words: management, information and
systems. Looking at these three words, it‘s
easy to define Management Information
Systems as systems that provide information
to management.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

• Management: We can define management in many ways
like, “Manage Man Tactfully” or Management is an art of
getting things done by others. However, for the purpose
of Management Information System, management
comprises the process and activity that a manager does
in the operation of their organization, i.e., to plan,
organize, direct and control operations. Information:
Information simply means processed data or in the
layman language, data which can be converted into
meaningful and useful form for a specific user.
• System: The system can be explained in a following ways
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• That is the simple definition of MIS that generally sums
up what a Management Information System is, and what
it should do. However, its role and impact on the smooth
operation of a company can never be overemphasized.
That is the reason why every successful company makes
use of these systems in one way or another. The reason
why Management Information Systems are very
important in the day-to-day operation of companies is
because these systems work with people, organizations,
technology and relationships among the people and
organizations affecting the company.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
•  System can be defined as a set of elements
joined together for a common objective.  A
group of interrelated or interacting elements
forming a unified whole e.g., business
organization as systems.  A group of
interrelated components working together
towards a common goal by accepting input
and producing output in an organized
transformation process.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
 Overview of Management Concepts
• Every business unit has some objectives of its own. These
objectives can be achieved with the coordinated efforts of
several personnel. The works of a number of persons are
properly coordinated to achieve the objectives through the
process of management. Management is a very important
part of the economic life of man, which is an organised group
activity. It is considered as the essential institution in the
modern social organization marked by scientific thought and
technological innovations. One or the other form of
management is essential wherever human efforts are to be
undertaken collectively to satisfy wants through some
productive activity, occupation or profession.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• It is management that regulates man's productive
activities through coordinated use of material
resources. Without the leadership provided by
management, the resources of production remain
resources and never become production.
Management is the integrating force in all organized
activity. Whenever two or more people work together,
to attain a common objective, they have to coordinate
their activities. They also have to organize and utilize
their resources in such a way as to optimize the
results.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• Management is the process of working with different
resources to accomplish organizational goals. Good
managers do those things both effectively and
efficiently. To be effective is to achieve organizational
goals. To be efficient is to achieve goals with minimum
waste of resources, that is, to make the best possible
use of money, time, materials, and people. Some
managers fail on both criteria, or focus on one at the
expense of another. The best managers maintain a
clear focus on both effectiveness and efficiency.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

 Functions of Management
• What can managers do to be effective and
efficient? The management process, properly
executed, involves a wide variety of activities
including planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

• Planning Planning is specifying the goals to be
achieved and deciding in advance the appropriate
actions taken to achieve those goals. Planning
activities include analyzing current situations,
anticipating the future, determining objectives,
deciding what types of activities the company will
engage in, choosing corporate and business
strategies, and determining the resources needed
to achieve the organization's goals. The outcome of
the planning process is the organization’s strateg
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
Functions of Management

planning

controlling organizing

Leading
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• Organizing Organizing is assembling and
coordinating the human, financial, physical,
informational, and other resources needed to
achieve goals. Activities include attracting people
to the organization, specifying job responsibilities,
grouping jobs into work units, marshalling and
allocating resources, and creating conditions so
that people and things work together to achieve
maximum success. The outcome of organizing is an
organizational structure.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• Leading Leading is stimulating people to be high
performers. It is directing, motivating, and
communicating with employees, individually and in
groups. Leading involves close day-today contact
with people, helping to guide and inspire them
toward achieving team and organizational goals.
Leading takes place in teams, departments,
divisions, and at the tops of entire organization.
The outcome of leading is a high level of
motivation and commitment.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• Controlling Comprehensive plans; solid
organization, and outstanding leaders do not
guarantee success. The fourth functional
controlling, monitors progress and
implements necessary changes. When
managers implement their plans, they often
find that things are not working out as
planned.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

• The controlling function makes sure that goals are met. It asks and
answers the question, "Are our actual outcomes consistent with
our goals?" It makes adjustments as needed. Specific controlling
activities are to set performance standards that indicate progress
toward long-term goals; to identify performance problems by
comparing performance data against standards; and to take
actions to correct problems. Budgeting, information systems, cost
cutting, and disciplinary action are just a few of the tools of
control. Successful organizations, large and small, pay close
attention to how well they are doing. They take fast action when
problems arise, and are able to change as needed. The outcome of
controlling is an accurate measurement of performance and
regulation of efficiency and effectiveness

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

 Levels of Management
• According to the expert there are three types
of level of management:
• i) Top Level Management
• ii) Middle Level Management
• iii) Low Level or Operative Management

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

 Top Level Management
• Top level management consists of board of directors,
managing directors or executive committee members.
• Objectives of Top Level Management
• include the following.
•  Setting key objectives, policies and identifying factors
essential for the development of the organization.
•  Making appointments to the top position of the
organization such as managers department heads etc.
 Reviewing the work of different personnel in various
levels.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
 Middle Level Management
• Middle level management consists of managers of
various departments such as productions, sales,
marketing, resource, finance etc. Objectives of
Middle Level Management include the following. 
Follow the rules and policies formulated by the top
level management.  Motivating personnel for higher
productivity.  Collecting detail analysis reports from
the various departments.  Mutual understanding
with other departments in the organization. 
Recommendations to the top level management.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

• Low Level Management. Low level management consist
of supervisors, daily workers etc. Follow the rules and
guidelines made out by the top level authentic of the
organization. Some of the functions of Lower Level
Management include the following.  To issue orders
and instructions to the workers and to supervise and
control their work  To classify and assign jobs to the
workers  To direct and guide the workers about work
procedure  To arrange for the necessary tools,
equipment, materials etc., for the worker  To solve the
problems of workers
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• To inform the management about the
problems of workers which are not solved at
this level?  To maintain discipline among the
workers and to develop in them the right
approach to work.  To maintain good human
relations.  To build a high group morale
among the workers.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

 MIS Importance
• Management Information System is formal
method of collecting information in
summarized form. It is network established
within an organization to provide information
to managers. It provides systematic and
analytical information necessary to all level of
managers. It helps managers to take right
decision at the right time. Importance of MIS
is described as follows:
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• Management Information System is always management oriented and
keeps in view every level of management and gets the desired
information. 2. Integrated – refers to how different components (sub
systems) are actually tied up together. eg: different departments of
organization linked together. 3. Useful for planning – as every organization
makes log-term and short-term plans with the help of information like
sales & production, capital investments, stocks etc management can easily
plan.. 4. Effective Management Information System helps the
management to know deviations of actual performance from pre-set
targets and control things. 5. It‘s important for increasing efficiency. 6. MIS
provides updated results of various departments to management. 7. MIS
is highly computerized so it provides accurate results. 8. MIS adds to the
intelligence, alertness, awareness of managers by providing them
information in the form of progress and review reports of an ongoing
activity. 9. Helps managers in decision- making.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• To gain the maximum benefits from your
company's information system, you have to
exploit all its capacities. Information systems gain
their importance by processing the data from
company inputs to generate information that is
useful for managing your operations. To increase
the information system's effectiveness, you can
either add more data to make the information
more accurate or use the information in new
ways.
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• Management Information Systems (MIS) not only
include software systems, but the entire set of
business processes and resources that are used
to pull together information from functional or
tactical systems. Data is then presented in a user-
friendly and timely manner so that mid and
upper-level managers can use it to take the right
actions. The entire system is designed so that the
company will meet its strategic and tactical goals.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

 Nature and Scope of MIS:
• The concept of MIS is interdisciplinary in
nature, i.e. it has borrowed its concepts from
a large number of disciplines like Accounting,
Computers, Organizations, Management,
Operations Research and Behavioural
Sciences, etc .MIS is neither a pure science nor
an art; it is recognized as a combination of
both.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

• An information system is a logical system,
which is concerned with ‗how‘ something is
being accomplished and thus may be
differentiated from physical system, which is
the process itself and is concerned with the
content or ‗what‘ is going on.MIS ,in fact
encompasses both physical and information
systems. There has been a lot of debate on the
issue whether MIS is more management
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
• oriented or computer –oriented. Though there are advocates of
both sides, MIS should be considered more of a management
subject than of computers because of the simple logic that
computers are just tool in the hands of managers. Computers are
used for their characteristics like accuracy, speed and capacity to
handle large amount of data. Nowadays MIS finds application in all
functional areas of every type of business organizations at all
levels. MIS caters to information needs of managers in an
organization, thus its scope lies in structured as well as
unstructured type of information which could be gathered from
internal as well as external sources of the organization. Further,
with the advent of computers and communication technology, the
scope of MIS has increased manifold.

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh

Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh
Lecturer: Abdulkadir Mohamoud Dualeh