NORMAL

DISTRIBUTION
 If we gather all the weights of 1,000
grade 9 students in a given school…

Normal distribution curve or bell curve

1. Its highest point is directly
above the mean.
2. The curve is symmetric with respect
to the vertical line passing through the
mean.
3. It approaches the x-axis
asymptotically on both sides.
4. The bell curve varies in shape
depending on the mean and on the
standard deviation. It can be narrow or
wide. It can be tall or short.
5. The mean, median, and mode are all
equal.
Standard Normal Distribution
- a normal distribution with a standard
deviation of 1 and a mean of 0.
Standard Normal Distribution

1. The area enclosed by the curve and the

x-axis is equal to 1.
Standard Normal Distribution

2. Regions under the curve approximate

the probabilities that random values fall in
particular ranges.
Standard Normal Distribution

3. The curve is symmetric. The area to the

right of 0 or μ is equal to the area to the
left of 0 or μ. That is, 50% of the area is to
the left of the mean and 50% of the area is
to the right of the mean.
Standard Normal Distribution

4. About 68% of the values are within 1

standard deviation of the mean. About
98% of the values are within 2 standard
deviations of the mean. About 99.8% of
the values are within 3 standard
deviations of the mean.
 Standard Normal Distribution

5. Using the curve and the corresponding

table entails converting an observed value
x to its z- score.
 Standard Normal
Distribution

The z- score measures how many

standard deviations σ an observed score x
is from the mean .
The z- score measures how many standard
deviations σ an observed score x is from the mean .

𝒙 −𝝁
𝒛=
𝝈
Example 1: Given an observed score of 50,
a population mean of 53, and a standard
deviation of 1.5, compute the z- score
equivalent of 50.
Example 2: Compute the z – score
equivalent of x=58 if the mean is 50 and
the standard deviation is 4.
 Z-distribution Table

Area from 0 to the specified value of z

Example 1: z = 0.4

0.1554 15.54%
Example 2: z = 2.24

0.4875 48.75%
Example 3: z = -1.8

0.4641 46.41%
Example 3: z = -2.38

0.4913
49.13%
Example 4: the area under the curve
between z = 0 and z = 1.6

0.4452

44.52%
Example 5:
Example 6:
Example 7:
Example 8:
Example 8:
Example 9: The scores on a Standardized
Achievement Test follow a normal
distribution with a mean of 42 and a
standard deviation of 3. Find the
probability that a score will be between 36
and 45.
Example 9: The scores on a Standardized Achievement Test follow a
normal distribution with a mean of 42 and a standard deviation of 3.
Find the probability that a score will be between 36 and 45.

For x = 36 For x = 45
Example 9: The scores on a Standardized Achievement Test follow a
normal distribution with a mean of 42 and a standard deviation of 3.
Find the probability that a score will be between 36 and 45.

𝑧 =− 2 𝑧 =1
Example 10: The mean number of a
broadsheet copies sold at a stand is 80 with
a standard deviation of 4. If the number of
broadsheet copies sold over a month follows
a normal distribution, determine the
probabilities for each of the following:
a. more than 85 copies are sold
b. less than 76 copies are sold
c. between 78 to 82 copies are sold
Example 10: The mean number of a broadsheet copies sold at a stand is
80 with a standard deviation of 4. If the number of broadsheet copies
sold over a month follows a normal distribution, determine the
probabilities for each of the following:
a. more than 85 copies are sold
Example 10: The mean number of a broadsheet copies sold at a stand is
80 with a standard deviation of 4. If the number of broadsheet copies
sold over a month follows a normal distribution, determine the
probabilities for each of the following:
b. less than 76 copies are sold
Example 10: The mean number of a broadsheet copies sold at a stand is
80 with a standard deviation of 4. If the number of broadsheet copies
sold over a month follows a normal distribution, determine the
probabilities for each of the following:
c. between 78 to 82 copies are sold
For x = 78 For x = 82
Example 10: The mean number of a broadsheet copies sold at a stand is
80 with a standard deviation of 4. If the number of broadsheet copies
sold over a month follows a normal distribution, determine the
probabilities for each of the following:
c. between 78 to 82 copies are sold
𝑧=− 0.5 𝑧 =0.5
Example 11: A division- wide aptitude test
in Mathematics was conducted to 1000
pupils. The mean of the test is 58 and the
standard deviation is 12. The scores also
approximate the normal distribution. How
many students got a score of below 40?
Example 11: A division- wide aptitude test in Mathematics was
conducted to 1000 pupils. The mean of the test is 58 and the standard
deviation is 12. The scores also approximate the normal distribution.
How many students got a score of below 40?
Example 11: A division- wide aptitude test in Mathematics was
conducted to 1000 pupils. The mean of the test is 58 and the standard
deviation is 12. The scores also approximate the normal distribution.
How many students got a score of below 40?
Example 12: The average time it takes a
group of college students to complete a
certain examination is 46.2 minutes. The
standard deviation is 8 minutes. Assume
that the variable is normally distributed.
a. What is the probability that a randomly
selected college student will complete the
examination in less than 43 minutes?
Example 12: The average time it takes a group of college students to
complete a certain examination is 46.2 minutes. The standard
deviation is 8 minutes. Assume that the variable is normally
distributed.
a. What is the probability that a randomly selected college student will
complete the examination in less than 43 minutes?
Example 12: The average time it takes a group of
college students to complete a certain
examination is 46.2 minutes. The standard
deviation is 8 minutes. Assume that the variable is
normally distributed.

b. If 50 randomly selected college students take

the examination, what is the probability that the
mean time it takes the group to complete the test
will be less than 43 minutes?
Example 12: The average time it takes a group of college students to
complete a certain examination is 46.2 minutes. The standard
deviation is 8 minutes. Assume that the variable is normally
distributed.
b. If 50 randomly selected college students take the examination, what
is the probability that the mean time it takes the group to complete the
test will be less than 43 minutes?
Standard error :
Example 12: The average time it takes a group of college students to
complete a certain examination is 46.2 minutes. The standard
deviation is 8 minutes. Assume that the variable is normally
distributed.
b. If 50 randomly selected college students take the examination, what
is the probability that the mean time it takes the group to complete the
test will be less than 43 minutes?

Standard error

83
Example 12: The average time it takes a group of college students to
complete a certain examination is 46.2 minutes. The standard
deviation is 8 minutes. Assume that the variable is normally
distributed.
b. If 50 randomly selected college students take the examination, what
is the probability that the mean time it takes the group to complete the
test will be less than 43 minutes?

83