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5.operating System

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17 views10 pages

5.operating System

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mb6863103
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture No: 5

Operating System, Functions


&
Types of Operating System
&
Comparison among different
Operating
systems 1
Operating System
 A computer system has many resources such as the
processor (CPU), main memory, I/O devices, and
files.

 The operating system acts as the manager of these


resources and allocates them to specific programs
and uses them as and when necessary for the tasks.

 An operating system may be defined as a system


software which acts as an interface between the user
and the hardware. 2
Operating System

3
Common Operating System

4
Functions of Operating System
 Process management :
◦ A process is basically a program in execution.
The operating system decides which process
gets to run, for how long and perhaps at what
priority or level of importance.
 Memory management:
◦ Operating system is responsible for keeping
track of which parts of the memory are currently
being used and by whom.
5
Functions of Operating System
 Device management :
– The operating system allocates the various devices to
the processes and initiates the I/O operation. It also
controls and schedules accesses to the input/output
devices among the processes.
 File management:
– File is a collection of records that are stored on
secondary storage device.
– Operating System allows users and programs to
create, delete, modify, open, close, and apply other
operations to various types of files. It also keeps track
of every file in the system. 6
Types of Operating System
1. Batch OS: In this type of system, there is no
direct interaction between user and the computer.
The user has to create and submit a job (written
on cards or tape) to a computer operator.
 Jobs are batched together by type of languages
and requirement.
 Then a special program, the monitor, manages the
execution of each program in the batch.
 Also called as non-interactive Operating systems.
7
Types of Operating System
2. Multiprogramming OS: In this , one job from
memory is picked and executed.
 Once this job needs an I/O operation, operating
system switches to another job.
3. Multitasking/ Time Sharing OS: These are
very similar to Multiprogramming batch systems.
 In time sharing systems the prime focus is on
minimizing the response time by sharing the CPU
time among all the processes.
8
Types of Operating System
4. Real Time OS: Real-time systems are used
when there are rigid time requirements on the
operation of a processor.
 A real-time operating system must have well-
defined, fixed time constraints, otherwise the
system will fail.
5. Multi user OS: These operating systems are
used in computers that supports multiple users
simultaneously.
 Mainly used in servers. 9
Comparison among DOS, Windows, Linux,
and Android Operating systems
DOS Windows Linux Android

It is an open source It is a Licensed It is an open source It is an open source


Operating system. Operating system. Operating system. Operating system.

It is a single user OS. It is a multiuser OS It is a multiuser OS It is a multiuser OS

It supports command It supports graphical It supports both the It supports Graphical


line interface. user interface. interfaces CLI and user interface.
GUI.
Use is limited, Most popular Linux is popular It is used for Mobile
specially for hardware operating system. operating system. phones.
configuration.
Security is not an Not reliable for Most reliable for OK
issue. security point of view. security point of view.

Available free of cost. Must be purchased Available free of cost. Available free of cost.

10

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