617 - Water Soluble Vitamin

VITAMINS
The Vitamins are necessary food factors which

are organic in nature and must be supplied from
outside to maintain health, growth and the state
of well being of a person. Vitamins cannot be
synthesized in the body. They must be supplied
from outside, e.g., through foods. Some vitamins
like vitamin K and B are synthesized by the
bacteria of the intestine.
Vitamins are the group of unrelated organic
substances occurring in many foods in small
amounts and necessary in trace amounts for
Classification of Vitamins
Vitamins
Fat- Soluble Water Soluble

•Vitamin • Vitamin B
A complex
•Vitamin • Vitamin C
D
•Vitamin
E
Vitamin A
It was the first vitamin that was discovered
in1913 by Elmer McCollum. This vitamin is
found in various forms such as retinol, retinal
and retinoic acid. This is yellow in color .
Deficiency – leads to night blindness,
keratomalacia and xerophthalamia. Wrinkled
skin , yellowish teeth are some of the problems.
Sources- cod liver oil, egg yolk, milk, mango,
carrot, spinach ,etc.
Vitamin D
It is a white crystalline substance. Made from
carbon , hydrogen and oxygen. It helps in the
absorption of calcium and phosphorus . It
maintains normal functioning of parathyroid
glands.
Deficiency- Rickets, osteoporosis, kidney
stones and ill-teeth are some of the problems.
Sources- Sunrays, milk , butter, egg yolk, etc.
Vitamin E
This vitamin is essential for strengthens cell
membrane and keeping the skin healthy. It helps
in curing cancer. It maintains normal functioning
of reproductive organs and increasing fertility
among the men and women.
Deficiency- Weakness and degeneration of
muscles, heart diseases and improper
functioning of sex glands.
Sources- Green vegetables, organ meat, coconut
oil, sprouts, etc.
Vitamin K
The main function of this vitamin is to clot
the blood. It also helps in prevention of
hemorrhage and excessive bleeding in the
wound. If this vitamin is not present in the
blood then the blood continue to flow for
longer time.
Deficiency- The main deficiency is anemia.
Sources- found in cabbage, spinach,
cauliflower, potato, wheat, egg, meat, etc.
Vitamin B1
This vitamin is also called as Thiamin. It’s a
colorless, salty and yeast smelly compound. It
maintains the health of internal organs. It helps
in the assimilation of vitamin A in the body.
Deficiency- beriberi, lack of concentration,
sleeplessness, lower heart beat, indigestion
Sources- Wheat, groundnut, green peas, orange,
rice, sprouts, etc.
Vitamin B2
This vitamin is also called as Riboflavin
andyellow in color. It destroys in sunlight or
cooking for long time. It helps in preserving and
maintaining the characteristics of youth,
tightness and smoothness of the skin.
Deficiency-stunted growth, unhealthy skin lack
of immunity power and WBC.
Sources- egg yolk, fish, pulses, peas, rice, yeast,
etc.
Vitamin B3
This is also known as Niacin, formally
known as nicotinic acid. Niacin is used as
genetic term, to include derivatives such as
nicotinamide.
Deficiency- Pellagra, grey hairs, dermal
lesions, Gastrointestinal changes ,
Neurological Manifestation.
Sources- Groundnut, Beef muscle, Wheat
whole, Barley, Radish leaves, Prawn,
Almond, Bengal gram whole.
Vitamin B5
Also called pantothenic acid, is one of the most
important vitamins for human life. It's necessary
for making blood cells, and it helps you convert
the food you eat into energy.
Deficiency-Pellagra disease, inflammation in
respiratory tract, , loss of hair, reproductive
failure
Sources- Yeast, milk, polished Rice and nuts.
Vitamin B6
This vitamin is vital for the formation of
hemoglobin . This vitamin also keeps the nails
and skin healthy.
Deficiency- Skin Rashes, cracked lips, glossy
tongue, Tiredness
Sources- meat, fish, egg yolk, yeast, rice,
wheat, peas, etc.
Vitamin B7
Also known as Biotin. It helps in releasing
energy from carbohydrates and aids in the
metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates
from food.
Deficiency- scaly red rash in the face (around
the eyes, nose, mouth), and in the genital area,
depression, lethargy, hallucination.
Sources- walnuts, peanuts, cereals, milk, egg
yolks, whole meal bread, salmon, pork, sardines,
mushroom and cauliflower, avocados, bananas
Vitamin B9
Folic acid is the synthetic form of folate, a
water-soluble vitamin also known as vitamin B9.
It does not occur naturally in food but is
frequently added to supplements and refined
grain products, such as bread and cereals.
Deficiency- tiredness, weakness, heart
palpitations, shortness of breath,etc
Sources- dark green leafy vegetables, beans,
lentils, asparagus, wheat germ, yeast, peanuts,
oranges, and strawberries.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin. It is red
in colour. This vitamin usually destroys at high
temperature for long cooking.
Deficiency- tiredness, weakness, anaemia, etc
Sources-Beef, liver, and chicken, Fortified
breakfast cereal, Low-fat milk, yogurt, cheese,
Eggs.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is also called as ascorbic acid. It is
odorless and white in color . It significantly
increases the metabolic rate. Maintains the
health of connective tissues, bones and RBC’s.
Deficiency- Scurvy, anaemia, gum disease, and
skin problems.
Sources-broccoli, cantaloupe, cauliflower, kale,
kiwi, orange juice, papaya, red, green or yellow
pepper, sweet potato, strawberries, and
tomatoes.

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VITAMINS

The Vitamins are necessary food factors which

Fat- Soluble Water Soluble

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