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Structures in C++

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16 views

Structures in C++

Uploaded by

saulehbasma92
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

STRUCTURE

S IN C++
C++ Language
What is a structure?

A structure is a user-
defined data type in
C/C++. A structure
creates a data type that
can be used to group
items of possibly
different types into a
single type.
How to create a structure?
The ‘struct’ keyword is used to create a structure.
The general syntax to create a structure is as
shown below:

struct structureName{
member1;
member2;
member3;
.
.
.
memberN;
};
Types Of Members in
Structures
Structures in C++ can contain two types of
members:
● Data Member: These members are normal C++
variables. We can create a structure with
variables of different data types in C++.
● Member Functions: These members are normal
C++ functions. Along with variables, we can
also include functions inside a structure
declaration.
Example
// Data Members
int roll;
int age;
int marks;

// Member Functions
void printDetails()
{
cout<<"Roll = "<<roll<<"\n";
cout<<"Age = "<<age<<"\n";
cout<<"Marks = "<<marks;
}
How to declare structure variables?
// A variable declaration with structure declaration.
struct Point
{
int x, y;
} p1; // The variable p1 is declared with 'Point'

// A variable declaration like basic data types


struct Point
{
int x, y;
};

int main()
{
struct Point p1; // The variable p1 is declared like a normal variable
}
Example:
#include <iostream>using namespace std;
struct Person
{
char name[50];
int age;
float salary;
};
int main()
{
Person p1;
cout << "Enter Full name: ";
cin.get(p1.name, 50);
cout << "Enter age: ";
cin >> p1.age;
cout << "Enter salary: ";
cin >> p1.salary;
cout << "\nDisplaying Information." << endl;
cout << "Name: " << p1.name << endl;
cout <<"Age: " << p1.age << endl;
cout << "Salary: " << p1.salary;
return 0; }
Passing structure to function in C++
A structure variable can be passed to a function in similar way as
normal argument. Consider this example:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Person {
char name[50];
int age;
float salary;
};
void displayData(Person); // Function declaration
int main() {
Person p;
cout << "Enter Full name: ";
cin.get(p.name, 50);
cout << "Enter age: ";
cin >> p.age;
Passing structure to function in C++
Example continued:
cout << "Enter salary: ";
cin >> p.salary;
// Function call with structure variable as an argument
displayData(p);

return 0;
}

void displayData(Person p) {
cout << "\nDisplaying Information." << endl;
cout << "Name: " << p.name << endl;
cout <<"Age: " << p.age << endl;
cout << "Salary: " << p.salary;
}
Returning Structure From Function
Example:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Person {
char name[50];
int age;
float salary; };
Person getData(Person);
void displayData(Person);
int main() {
Person p, temp;
temp = getData(p);
p = temp;
displayData(p);
return 0;
}
Example Continued:
Person getData(Person p) {
cout << "Enter Full name: ";
cin.get(p.name, 50);
cout << "Enter age: ";
cin >> p.age;
cout << "Enter salary: ";
cin >> p.salary;
return p;
}
void displayData(Person p) {
cout << "\\nDisplaying Information." << endl;
cout << "Name: " << p.name << endl;
cout <<"Age: " << p.age << endl;
cout << "Salary: " << p.salary;
}
Points To Be Noted
Instead, we can simply
use the following code:
We don't really need
to use the temp
p = getData(p);
variable for most
compilers and C++
versions.
Thank You
Coming up next:
Class and its Class
Members and
Methods in C++

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