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PR1 FINALS L2 Finding Answers Through Data Collection

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15 views16 pages

PR1 FINALS L2 Finding Answers Through Data Collection

Uploaded by

Sarah Jane D.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sample

refers to a portion or part of the population that is representative of


the population

Respondents
are individuals or groups of people who actively serve as
sources of information during data collection.

Sampling
refers to your method or process of selecting respondents or
people to answer questions meant to yield data for a research
study
Population
the bigger group from where you choose the sample that possess some
common characteristics

Sampling Frame
is the term used to mean the list of the members of such population from
where you will get the sample

Probability Sampling
In probability sampling, every member of the population has a known chance
of participating in the study.
Non-Probability Sampling

In non-probability sampling, not each population member


has a chance to participate in the study.
DESCRIPTION OF SAMPLING PROCEDURE

Probability Sampling Methods


1. Simple Random Sampling
2. Systematic Random Sampling
3. Stratified Random Sampling
4. Cluster Sampling
DESCRIPTION OF SAMPLING PROCEDURE

Non-Probability Sampling Methods


1. Convenience Sampling
2. Purposive Sampling
3. Quota Sampling
4. Volunteer Sampling
5. Snowball Sampling
PROBABILITY SAMPLING METHODS
Probability sampling is a type of sampling in which all the
members of an entire population have a chance of being
selected.

This is also called as scientific sampling, and is


commonly used in quantitative research.
Simple Random Sampling is a method of choosing samples in
which all the members of the population are given an equal chance
of being selected. It is an unbiased way of selection, as samples are
drawn by chance.

There are various ways of obtaining samples through simple random


sampling (Treece & Treece, 1986). These
include the roulette wheel, fishbowl method, and the use of table of
random numbers.
b. Systematic Random Sampling is a method of selecting every
nth element of a population, e.g., every fifth, eighth, ninth, or
eleventh element until the desired sample size is reached.

c. Stratified Random Sampling is a method where the population


is divided into different strata (groups), and then the sampling
follows. Age, gender, and educational qualifications are some
possible criteria used to divide a population into strata.
d. Cluster Sampling is used in large-scale studies. Clusters
are representative samples of the population as a whole.
After the clusters are established, a simple random sample of
the clusters is drawn and the members of the chosen clusters
are sampled. Sampling procedures are difficult and time-
consuming.
Non-Probability Sampling disregards random selection of
subjects. The subjects are chosen based on their availability or
the purpose of the study, and in some cases, on the sole
discretion of the researcher. This is not a scientific way of
selecting respondents, and is commonly used in qualitative
research.
a. Convenience Sampling involves choosing respondents at
the convenience of the researcher. It is also called accidental or
incidental sampling.

b. Purposive Sampling involves handpicking subjects, usually


to suit very specific intentions. This is also called judgmental
sampling.
c. Quota Sampling is somewhat similar to stratified
sampling, in that the population is divided into strata, and
the researcher deliberately sets specific proportions in the
sample, whether or not the resulting proportion is reflective
of the total population.

This is commonly done to the ensure the inclusion of a


particular segment of the
population.
d. Volunteer Sampling involves people who self-select into the
survey. Often, these folks have a strong interest in the main topic
of the survey.

e. Snowball Sampling does not give a specific set of samples,


similar to snow expanding widely or rolling rapidly. This is true for
a study involving unspecified group of people. A snowball sample is
achieved by asking a participant to suggest someone else who
might be willing or appropriate fro the study.

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