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PR1 FINALS L1 Understanding Data and Ways To Systematically Collect Data

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41 views15 pages

PR1 FINALS L1 Understanding Data and Ways To Systematically Collect Data

Uploaded by

Sarah Jane D.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Five Major Research Designs

The ethnographic approach to qualitative research comes largely


from the field of anthrolopogy. The emphasis in an ethnography is
on studying an entire culture.
Purpose- to describe a culture’ characteristics

Method
• Identify culture, variables for study, and review literature
• Data collection-gain entrance to culture; immerse self in culture;
acquire
informants; gather data through direct observation and interaction
with subjects
Ethnographic approach

Analysis- describe characteristics of culture

Outcome-description of culture
Phenomenology comes from academic disciplines of philosophy and
psychology, and it is based upon the work of the 20th-century
philosopher Edmund Husserl, which was then later developed by
Heidegger. (Van Manen, 1990)

Purpose:

• to describe the experiences as they are lived


• examines the uniqueness of individual’s lived situations
• each person has own reality, reality is subjective
Research Question Development:

• What does the existence of feeling or experience indicate


concerning the phenomenon to be explored?
• What are necessary and sufficient constituents of feeling or
experience?
• What is the nature of the human being?
Methodology of Phenomenology:

a. Bracketing-process of identifying and holding in abeyance any


preconceived beliefs and opinions that one may have about phenomenon that is
being researched

b. Intuition-occurs wen the researcher remains open to the meaning


attributed to the phenomenology those who have experienced it.

c. Analysis-involves process such as coding (open, axial, and selective),


categorizing and making sense of the essential meanings of the phenomenon
Grounded theory is a qualitative research approach that
was originally developed by Glaser and Strauss in the
1960s. The self-defined purpose of grounded theory is to
develop a theory about phenomena of interest.
Purpose:

• Theory development
• Used in discovering what problems exist in a
social science and how persons handle them
• Involves formulation, testing and
redevelopment of propositions until a theory is
developed
Stages of Grounded Theory:

• Data collection
• Note taking
• Coding (open, axial, selective) into categories and properties
• Memoing
• Sorting/Integration
• Writing (Glasser & Strauss, 1967)
Analysis:

• Concept formation
• Concept development-reduction; selective sampling
of literature; selective
sampling of subjects; emergence of core concepts
• Concept modification and integration

Outcome:

Theory supported by examples from data


The historical approach “is employed by researchers who are
interested in reporting events and/or conditions that occurred in the
past.
Purpose:

describe and examine events of the past to understand the present


and anticipate potential effects
Analysis:

synthesis of all data; accept and reject data; reconcile conflicting


evidence
Outcomes:

select means of presentation-biography, chronology, issue paper


A case study is an intensive study of a specific individual or specific
context.

Purpose:

Describe in-depth the experience of one person, family, group,


community, or institution

Method:

Direct observation and interaction with subject


Analysis-synthesis of experience
Outcomes-in-depth description of the experience
Task 1: Word Web

Directions: Create a word web of the different research designs.


Follow the instructions
below.
1. Take a long size bond paper and draw a circle.
2. Then, draw five more circles around the central circle.
3. Draw arrows pointing from the central circle to the outer circles.
4. The outer circles should contain key words that make you
understand the research
design well.
Task 2: Quiz
What design fits me?

Directions: Read and analyze each question and identify what research design is
appropriate for each.

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