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Type Checking

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nmaianh10102003
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27 views17 pages

Type Checking

Uploaded by

nmaianh10102003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment in

Compiler Construction
Semantic Analysis
Type Checking

1
Overview

• Problem of type checking


• Type consistency in statements
• Checking the consistency between the declaration and usage of
arrays.
• Checking the consistency between the declaration and usage of
functions.
• Checking the consistency between the declaration and calling of
procedures.
• Checking the consistency in reference usage
Type checking

• Check the Type Rules of the language.


• Information about Data Types is maintained and computed by the
compiler.
• The module of a compiler devoted to type checking tasks is Type
Checker.
• The design of a Type Checker depends on the syntactic structure of
language constructs, the Type Expressions of the language, and the
rules for assigning types to constructs.
Structure for types

struct Type_ {
enum TypeClass typeClass;
int arraySize;
struct Type_ *elementType;
};

enum TypeClass {
TP_INT,
TP_CHAR,
TP_ARRAY
};

4
Type checking in constant declaration

• Constant:
• [+/-] <constant>
• The type of <constant> is integer
Type checking in assign statement

• Assign statement
• <LValue> := <Expr>;
• Basic types of <Lvalue> and <Expr> must be the same
• Depend on object kind of Lvalue, function compileLvalue return its data
type
• Type of the expression is evaluated on parse tree whose leaves are
factors
Type of a factor

case TK_NUMBER:
eat(TK_NUMBER);
type = intType;
break;
case TK_CHAR:
eat(TK_CHAR);
type = charType;
break;

7
Type attribute of a factor (represented by an identifier)

case OBJ_CONSTANT:// Factor is a constant


switch (obj->constAttrs->value->type) {
case TP_INT:
type = intType;
break;
case TP_CHAR:
type = charType;
break;

8
Type attribute of a factor (represented by an identifier)

case OBJ_VARIABLE://single or subscripted


if (obj->varAttrs->type->typeClass == TP_ARRAY)
type = compileIndexes(obj->varAttrs->type);
else
type = obj->varAttrs->type;
break;

9
Type attribute of a factor (represented by an identifier)

case OBJ_PARAMETER:// Factor is a parameter


type = obj->paramAttrs->type;
break;
case OBJ_FUNCTION:// Factor is a function
compileArguments(obj->funcAttrs->paramList);
//check type consistency between list of parameters
//and list of arguments
type = obj->funcAttrs->returnType;
break;

10
Type checking for For statement

• For <var> := <exp1> To <exp2> do <stmt>


• Basic types of <var>, <exp1>, and <exp2> must be the same
Type checking

• Function and procedure:


• Types of declared parameter and actual parameter (argument)must be the
same
• The corresponding actual parameter (argument) of call by reference
parameter must be a LValue.
Type checking for conditions

• <exp1> <op> <exp2>

• The basic types of <exp1> and <exp2> must be the same


Type checking for indexes

• (. <exp> .)  <exp> : integer


• The number of dimensions of the array must be considered
Project organization

# Filename Task
1 Makefile Project
2 scanner.c, scanner.h Token reader
3 reader.h, reader.c Read character from source file
4 charcode.h, charcode.c Classify character
5 token.h, token.c Recognize and classify token, keywords
6 error.h, error.c Manage error types and messages
7 parser.c, parser.h Parse programming structure
8 debug.c, debug.h Debugging
9 symtab.c symtab.h Symbol table construction
10 semantics.c. semantics.h Analyse the program’s semantic
11 main.c Main program
Functions for type checking

• Type comparison
• checkIntType
• checkCharType
• checkArrayType
• checkTypeEquality
Assignment 4

• Update parser.c with the implementation of described type


checking rules
• Test on provided examples

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