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IntroToCG 09 25 04

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19 views52 pages

IntroToCG 09 25 04

Uploaded by

sahuashishcs
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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School of Continuing Studies

CS 351: Introduction to
Computer Graphics

CS 351
“Quiz” #1
What is Computer Graphics?
●
Creation, Manipulation, and Storage of geometric
objects (modeling) and their images (rendering)
●
Display those images on screens or hardcopy
devices
●
Image processing
●
Others: GUI, Haptics, Displays (VR)...
What drives computer graphics?
●
Movie Industry
– Leaders in quality and artistry
– Not slaves to conceptual purity
– Big budgets and tight schedules
– Reminder that there is more to
CG than technology
– Hey, How'd they do that?
– Defines our expectations

Slide information from Leonard McMillian's slides


http://www.cs.unc.edu/~mcmillan/comp136/Lecture1/
compgraf.html
What drives computer graphics?
●
Game Industry
– The newest driving force in CG
●
Why? Volume and Profit
●
This is why we have commodity GPUs
– Focus on interactivity
– Cost effective solutions
– Avoiding computating and other tricks
– Games drive the baseline

Slide information from Leonard McMillian's slides


http://www.cs.unc.edu/~mcmillan/comp136/Lecture1/
compgraf.html
What drives computer graphics?
●
Medical Imaging and Scientific Visualization
– Tools for teaching and diagnosis
●
No cheating or tricks allowed
– New data representations and modalities
– Drive issues of precision and correctness
– Focus on presentation and interpretation of data
– Construction of models from acquired data

Nanomanipulator, UNC
Joe Kniss, Utah Gordon Kindelman, Utah
What drives computer graphics?
●
Computer Aided Design
– Mechanical, Electronic, Architecture,...
– Drives the high end of the hardware market
– Integration of computing and display resources
– Reduced design cyles == faster systems, sooner

ProEngineer, www.ptc.com
What drives computer graphics?
●
Graphic User Interfaces (GUI)
– www.webpagesthatsuck.com

Slide information from Leonard McMillian's slides


http://www.cs.unc.edu/~mcmillan/comp136/Lecture1/
compgraf.html
What is Computer Graphics?
●
Look at 5 areas
– Hardware
– Rendering
– Interaction
– Modeling
– Scientific Visualization

Slide information from Richard


Hardware: Amazing Changes
●
Fundamental architecture shift
– Dual computing engines:
●
CPU and GPU
●
More in GPU than CPU
Hardware: Amazing Changes
●
Fast, cheap GPUs
– ~$300
●
Cheap memory
●
Displays at low cost
– How many monitors do you have/use?
Hardware: Amazing Changes
●
Wired -> Unwired
●
World of Access
Hardware... some not so good
●
Devices
●
3D displays
●
Etc
Hardware
●
How old is Nvidia
●
How big is Nvidia
●
QED
Rendering
●
Many think/thought graphics synonymous with
rendering
●
Well researched
– Working on second and third order effects
– Fundamentals largely in place
Rendering
●
Major areas:
– Ealiest: PhotoRealism
– Recent: Non-Photorealistic Graphics (NPR)
– Recent: Image-based Rendering (IBR)
Rendering
●
Ray Tracing has become practical
– Extremely high quality images
– Photorealism, animation, special effects
●
Accurate rendering, not just pretty
Rendering Realism
Rendering Realism
Rendering Realism
Is this real?
Terrain Modeling:
Snow and Trees Added
Growth Models
Rendering/Modeling Hair

QuickTime™ and a QuickTime™ and a


Photo decompressor Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture. are needed to see this picture.
Humans
Is Photorealism Everything?
Is Photorealism Everything?
Non-Photorealistic Rendering
Tone Shading
NonPhotorealistic Rendering
Image Based Rendering
●
Model light field
●
Do not have to model geometry
●
Good for complex 3D scenes
●
Can leave holes where no data is available
3D Scene Capture
3D Scene Recreation
360 Scan
o
Interaction
●
Way behind rest of graphic's spectacular
advances
●
Still doing WIMP:
– Windows, icons, menus, pull-downs/pointing
●
Once viewed as “soft” research
– Turns out to be one of hardest problems
Interaction still needs...
●
Better input devices
●
Better output devices
●
Better interaction paradigms
●
Better understanding of HCI
– Bring in psychologists
Modeling
●
Many model reps
– Bezier, B-spline, box splines, simplex splines,
polyhedral splines, quadrics, super-quadrics, implicit,
parametric, subdivision, fractal, level sets, etc (not to
mention polygonal)
Modeling
●
Physically based
– Newton
– Behavior as well as geometry
●
Materials
– Metal, cloth, organic forms, fluids, etc
●
Procedural (growth) models
Modeling... is hard
●
Complexity
●
Shape
●
Specifying
●
Realistic constraints
●
Detail vs concept
●
Tedious, slow
Modeling is hard
●
Mathematical challenge
●
Computational challenge
●
Interaction challenge
●
Display challenge (want 3D)
●
Domain knowledge, constraints
Growth Models
Model Capture
Models

D Johnson and
J D St Germain, Utah

Russ Fish et al., Utah


Scientific Visualization

QuickTime™ and a
YUV420 codec decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

National Library of Medicine


Visual Human
In This Class
●
Review rasterization, modeling, viewing,
lighting, texture mapping and raytracing
●
GUI and Interaction in three-dimensions
Required Books

●
Optional
Each class
●
Based-upon reading assignment
– Quiz
– Roundtable:
●
What you found to be the most interesting in the reading
●
What confused you or topic(s) you want more discussion
on
Each class (con’t.)
●
Lecture and discussion
●
20 minute or less viewing of an animation
●
Project discussion and help session
●
At least one 15 minute break in the middle
Projects
●
C or C++
●
Chinese-Resturaunt menu like
Project Rules
Failure to follow these rules will result in lost
points:
●
If you use code from elsewhere, it must be
documented in your README
●
If you use ideas from printed paper or online
material, must credit it
●
Projects must compile and run on the designated
machine
Grades
●
Class participation
●
Quizes
●
Late projects loose 5% on first 12 hours, 10%
every 12 hours after that
●
You can miss
– Can drop lowest quiz score
– Can miss one class without loosing participation
points

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