Community Health Nursing

unit-1
By
Humera wagan
Nursing Lecturer
BCON,SMBBU,LRK
OBJECTIVES
Unit objectives:
 At the completion of this unit, students will be able to:
 Define the terms:
 Community
 Community health, and
 Community health nursing
 Urban & rural communities
 Discuss the historical background of Community Health Nursing from
Public Health Nursing.
 Describe the philosophy of Community Health Nursing.
 Discuss the concepts of health, wellness, illness and disease.
 Discuss the roles of the Community Health Nurse in community settings.
Community
It is the group of people, having intimacy, informal
relations, common culture, and living together in
specific geographical boundaries.

Community is a large group of people living together

at one place having common culture, social norms,
goals, and ways of life and meeting out most of their
needs from local social institutions.
Community Health

“It is science & art of
preventing disease,
prolonging life and
promoting health and
efficiency through organized
efforts.
 Community Health Nursing
Community Health Nursing is
the practice of promoting and
protecting the health of
individual, family & community
using knowledge from nursing,
social, and public health science.
Public Health Nursing
“Public health nursing synthesizes the body of
knowledge from the public health science and
professional nursing theories for the purpose of
improving the health of the entire community”
 Public health nursing is the practice of promoting
and protecting the health of populations using
knowledge from nursing, social and public health
sciences.
Philosophy of Community Health
Nursing (CHN)
Community health nursing believes that it works
toward attaining, maintaining, or regaining the high
levels of wellness by preventing from diseases and
promoting & health principles.
CHN believes that every individual have a need of
health learning.
Continue.
CHN believes every one member of community has an
equal right to get health care in equal amount,
irrespective of their gender, age, caste, group, color,
area, social status & religion.
CHN believes that advancement in science &
technology has a big positive role in promotion of the
health & prolonging life.
Continue .
CHN believes that prevention from diseases &
promotion of health is better than cure.
CHN believes that the provision of specialist nursing
care must respond to the expressed needs of
individuals and should follow an inter-professional and
multi agency approach.
CHN believes that Health Care should be provided in
such a way to develop the quality of life that
community feels & observes it.
FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNITY
HEALTH NURSE
1. CHN plans for intervention is developed with the
community to meet identified needs that takes into
account available resources, the range of activities
that contribute to health and the prevention of illness,
injury, disability etc.
2. CHN implements plans effectively, efficiently, and
equitably for preventing, promoting and prolonging
human life.
Continue.
3. CHN evaluates & determines the extent to which the
interventions would have an impact on the health
status of individuals and the population.
4. CHN formulates the results of the processes are used
to influence and direct the current delivery of care,
deployment of health resources, and the development
of local, regional, state, and national health policy
and research to promote health and prevent disease.
ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSE (CHN)
The role of community health nurse is a pattern of
behavior with people and duties that are associated
with particular status within community groups.
CHN is expected to assume great responsibility in
providing health needs to keep community healthy.
The nursing care in community is directed to
promotion and preservation of health. Prevention and
early detection of any harmful changes in health and
restoration of health.
Health Care Provider
The Community Health Nurse (CHN) provides direct
care in community. She/he provides care in following
forms:

Implements the follow up orders of physician.

Provides nursing procedures like cold sponging if
fever is observed in any member of family in
community.
and Provides the first aid Wound dressings.
Cont..
Provides Geriatric care.
Antenatal care and post natal and neonatal care.
Conducts the deliveries in community
Gives bed baths to disables
Provides range of motion (ROM) and formal exercises
to the bed ridden individuals having a paralysis etc.
Health Educator
CHN usually focus on the following teaching:

Educates individual, family and community for the

principles and techniques of proper prevention of
communicable disease
Teaches the modes of spread of genetic and infectious
diseases
Teaches the about proper diet in quantity and quality.
Cont…
Teaches the personal, family and community Hygiene
Teaches the handling and first aid techniques for
emergencies like, Drowning, Snake bite, Dog Bite etc.
Trains the Traditional Birth Attendants for normal
delivery and safe delivery in communities.
Collaborator
CHN works with the collaboration of other health
teach of Govt. or NGOs in community.

She works with doctors, dispensers, vaccinators, TBA,

midwives, and LHVs etc in the community.
Counselor
CHN (Community Health Nurse) conducts the
counseling of individual, family, in community in
some social and mental problems, and also for
motivation of family planning, vaccination and for
removing the some un-healthy behaviors in folks.
Advocate
CHN Pleads and leads for installation of facilities of
health care in suitable places.
Participates the district govt. meeting and talks to
administration for the favor of folks for solution of
health care, social and financial problems available in
his or her constituency.
Researcher
CHN work hard for searching new methods of care
and application of new technology:
CHN also finds the social and economical problems in
community, which makes hindrance for care and cure.
She/he also searches causes of illnesses.
Conti…
She/he collects the statistical data like morbidity rate,
mortality rate, death rate, birth rate etc, and after
analysis she sends the reports to higher authorities for
remedies in feedback.
She writes the research papers on different issues and
problems in community.
Manager
Organizes and manages various programs of health
and assume leadership of nursing team for supervision
of nursing and other staff.
Being a CHN of one specific community or village,
she gives her plan to District health Officer for
national immunization and family planning programs
etc.
She works as a manager and leading person in the
Lady Health Workers in talluka /Tehsil level on the
position of supervisor.
Evaluator
CHN after implementation of any project or health
program, she evaluates the success or outcome of that
project or program. She does the surveillance
She evaluates the special health programs in
community.
She evaluates the effectiveness any program or
teaching or vaccination in community.
Consultant
Being a consultant in community health nursing,
advice is taken before start of any health care program
in community.
Being a consultant in community health nursing, she
renders the services for prevention of diseases and
promotion of health in the community.
THE CONCEPT OF HEALTH
Health:

“Health is a complete state of
physical, mental and social
wellbeing and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity
(W.H.O).
Wellness:
It is an active process of
becoming aware of and
making choices toward a
healthy and fulfilling life.
Illness:
Illness is a feeling, an experience of unhealthy which
is entirely personal and interior to the person of
patient. It often accompanies a disease but diagnosis
may be undeclared as in cases of: Tuberculosis,
Diabetes mellitus and cancer.
Disease
It is a pathological process
having specific cause and
recognizable signs /
symptoms are called disease.
Disorder
Disorder is an abnormality of
structure or function of an organ
that may be due to a morbid
physical or mental state. Example:
Mental disorder, anxiety disorder,
personality disorder.
Sickness
Sickness is external and
public mode of unhealthy.
Sickness is a social role and
objective state of a person.
Hygiene
Hygiene refers to conditions
and practices that help to
maintain health and prevent
the spread of disease (WHO).
Personal hygiene
 It is a branch of health which concerns the
individual’s adjustment to the physiological needs of
the body and mind for the attainment of the maximum
level of health.

Personal hygiene may be described as “principles of

maintaining cleanliness and grooming of the external
body”.
Social hygiene
It refers to prevention and
treatment of sexually
transmitted diseases which
are known as veneral
diseases.
ASSIGNMENT:
RURAL COMMUNITY .

URBAN COMMUNITY .
THE END