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Processes 3 Part 2

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13 views9 pages

Processes 3 Part 2

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f20212909
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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OPERATING SYSTEMS (CS F372)

Processes
Barsha Mitra
BITS Pilani CSIS Dept., BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Hyderabad Campus
Interprocess Communication
message passing shared memory

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


Producer-Consumer Problem

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


IPC – Shared Memory
 area of memory shared among cooperating processes
 create shared memory
 attach to shared memory
 shared memory region resides in address space of creating process
 faster than message passing
 system calls are required to establish shared memory region
 synchronization

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


shmget()
❖ Used to obtain the identifier of an existing shared memory
segment, or create a new one.
❖ int shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int shmflg);
❖ 3 parameters:
◆ key – unique value which the segment is associated with
◆ size – size of the shared memory segment
◆ shmflg – specify the read/write permissions along with
flags such as IPC_CREAT (if any)
❖ If successful, a valid shared memory identifier is returned, else -1 is
returned.

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


shmat()
❖ Used to attach a shared memory segment with the address space
of the calling process.
❖ void* shmat(int shmid, const void* shmaddr, int shmflg);
❖ 3 parameters:
◆ shmid – identifier for the shared memory segment
◆ shmaddr – address where the segment will be attached at
◆ shmflg – specify the read/write permissions for the calling
process.
❖ If successful, a void pointer to the segment’s start address is
returned, else (void*) -1 is returned.

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


shmdt()
❖ Used to detach a shared memory segment from the address space
of the calling process.
❖ int shmdt(const void* shmaddr);
❖ 1 parameter:
◆ shmaddr – address where the shared memory segment is
currently located at.
❖ If successful, the shared memory segment is detached from the
calling process and 0 is returned, else -1 is returned.

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


shmctl()
❖ Performs certain control operations on a shared memory segment.
❖ int shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds* buf);
❖ 3 parameters:
◆ Kernel
shmid – identifier
maintains for the
a special shared
internal datamemory
structure segment.
for each shared
cmd – specifies
◆ memory segment whichcontrolexists
operations to addressing
within its be performed onThis
space. the
segment,
structure such
is of typeasshmid_ds,
IPC_RMID and isto deleteinthe
defined segment.
sys/shm.h
◆ buf – pointer to a shmid_ds data structure as defined in the
sys/shm.h header file. Used in certain control operations.
❖ If successful, the specified control operation is performed on the
shared memory segment and 0 is returned, else -1 is returned.

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus


Thank You

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

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