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Overview of Wireless Standards, Organizations, and Fundamentals

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is a global professional society with over 350,000 members. FCC (Federal Communications Commission) set the rules for what the user can do with a radio transmitter. ISO (International Organization for Standadization) is the International Organization for standardization.

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69 views

Overview of Wireless Standards, Organizations, and Fundamentals

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is a global professional society with over 350,000 members. FCC (Federal Communications Commission) set the rules for what the user can do with a radio transmitter. ISO (International Organization for Standadization) is the International Organization for standardization.

Uploaded by

2613078
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 1

Overview of wireless standards, Organizations, and fundamentals

History of WLAN
First wireless transmission in 1870 Proprietary solutions in the 1980s (900MHz) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) started to discuss standardizing WLAN technologies in 1991 More than one billion of Wi-Fi chipsets are shipped for numerous enterprise applications, like laptops, cellular phones, cameras, televisions, printers, and many consumer devices etc

WLAN Speeds & Frequencies


802.11n MIMO SDM 300 Mbps 802.11g 2.4 GHz OFDM/CCK 54 Mbps 802.11a 5 GHz OFDM 54 Mbps 802.11b 2.4 GHz CCK 11 Mbps

Proprietary
IEEE

802.11a/b Ratified

Jan99

Jan00

Jan01

Jan02

Jan03

Jan04

Jan10

Unlicensed Frequency Bands

Wireless Data Networks


50 Mbps 10 Mbps 2 Mbps 1 Mbps

Data Rates

Spread Spectrum Infrared Wireless Wireless LANs


LANs

2.5 GHz Service Broadband PCS


56 Kbps

Circuit and Packet Data


19.6 Kbps

Cellular, CDPD, Mobitex, DataTac


Narrow Band Wireless LANs

9.6 Kbps

Narrowband PCS Coverage Area

Satellite
Wide

Local

Wireless Technologies
WAN
(Wide Area Network)

MAN
(Metropolitan Area Network)

LAN
(Local Area Network)

PAN
(Personal Area Network)

PAN Standards Speed Range Applications


Bluetooth <1 Mbps Short Peer-to-Peer Device-to-Device

LAN
802.11a, 11b, 11g HiperLAN2 254+ Mbps Medium Enterprise Networks

MAN
802.11 MMDS, LMDS 22+ Mbps MediumLong Fixed, Last Mile Access

WAN
GSM, GPRS, CDMA, 2.53G 10384 Kbps Long PDAs, Mobile Phones, Cellular Access

Icons

Icons

Standards Organizations
FCC (Federal Communications Commission) ITU-R (International Telecommunication
Union Radiocommunication Sector)

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics


Engineers)

Wi-Fi Alliance ISO (International Organization for


Standadization)

What is FCC
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) set the rules for what the user can do with a radio transmitter. Frequencies, power levels, and transmission methods are managed and regulated by these organizations. These organizations work together to help guide the growth and expansion that is being demanded by wireless users.

What is IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers is a global professional society with over 350,000 members. To networking professionals, that means creating the standards that we use communicate.

IEEE 802. Standards

IEEE 802.11 Standards Activities


802.11a: 802.11b: 802.11d: 802.11e: 802.11f: 802.11g: 802.11h: 5GHz, 54Mbps 2.4GHz, 11Mbps Multiple regulatory domains Quality of Service (QoS) Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP) 2.4GHz, 54Mbps Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) Transmit Power Control (TPC) Security Japan 5GHz Channels (4.9-5.1 GHz) Measurement
Maintenance High-Speed

and

802.11i: 802.11j: 802.11k:


802.11m: 802.11n:

Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi Alliance
Wireless Fidelity Alliance 400+ members (http://www.wi-fi.org/our_members.php) Over 4000 products certified

Wi-Fis Mission
Certify interoperability of WLAN products (802.11) Wi-Fi is the stamp of approval Promote Wi-Fi as the global standard

Standards and Organizations

Wave Definition

Key Terms
Amplitude The distance from zero to the maximum value of each alternation is called the amplitude. The amplitude of the positive alternation and the amplitude of the negative alternation are the same.

Period The time it takes for a sine wave to complete one cycle is defined as the period of the waveform. The distance traveled by the sine wave during this period is referred to as its wavelength.
Wavelength Wavelength, indicated by the Greek lambda symbol , is the distance along the waveform from one point to the same point on the next cycle. Frequency The number of repetitions or cycles per unit time is the frequency, typically expressed in cycles per second, or Hz

Phase It is the relationship between two waves with the same frequency

Amplitude-shift keying
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) varies the amplitude or height of the signal to represent the binary data

Frequency-shift keying
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) varies the frequency of the signal to represent the binary data

Understanding Keying Methods


When data is sent, a signal is transmitted from the transceiver. In order for the data to be transmitted, the signal must be maipulated so the receiving station has a way of distinguishing 0s and 1s. 3 types of keying or modulation techniques: ASK (amplitude-shift keying) FSK (frequency-shift keying) PSK (phase-shift keying)

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