Unit 8 Enzymology, Educational Platform
Unit 8 Enzymology, Educational Platform
• As a result, the substrate does not simply bind to a rigid active site;
the amino acid side-chains that make up the active site are molded
into the precise positions that enable the enzyme to perform its
catalytic function.
http://alevelnotes.com/Factors-affecting-Enzyme-Activity/146?tree=
November 18, 2015
Substrate Concentration
• Increasing Substrate Concentration increases the rate of
reaction. This is because more substrate molecules will be
colliding with enzyme molecules, so more product will be
formed.
• However, after a certain concentration, any increase will have
no effect on the rate of reaction, since Substrate
Concentration will no longer be the limiting factor. The
enzymes will effectively become saturated, and will be
working at their maximum possible rate.
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Enzyme Concentration
• Increasing Enzyme Concentration will increase
the rate of reaction, as more enzymes will be
colliding with substrate molecules.
• However, this too will only have an effect up
to a certain concentration, where the Enzyme
Concentration is no longer the limiting factor.
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November 18, 2015
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Temperatur
e
• as temperature increases, initially the rate of
reaction will increase, because of increased
Kinetic Energy.
• However, the effect of bond breaking will
become greater and greater, and the rate of
reaction will begin to decrease.
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pH
• Different enzymes have different Optimum pH values. This is the pH
value at which the bonds within them are influenced by H+ and OH-
Ions in such a way that the shape of their Active Site is the most
Complementary to the shape of their Substrate. At the Optimum
pH, the rate of reaction is at an optimum.
• Any change in pH above or below the Optimum will quickly cause a
decrease in the rate of reaction, since more of the enzyme
molecules will have Active Sites whose shapes are not (or at least
are less) Complementary to the shape of their Substrate.
• Small changes in pH above or below the Optimum do not cause a
permanent change to the enzyme, since the bonds can
be reformed. However, extreme changes in pH can cause enzymes
to Denature and permanently lose their function.
• Enzymes in different locations have different Optimum pH values
since their environmental conditions may be different.
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Types of Enzyme inhibitors
http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/enzyme_inhibition/enzyme_inhibition.htm
November 18, 2015
http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/enzyme_inhibition/enzyme_inhibi
tion.htm
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Medical applications of enzymes
http://www1.lsbu.ac.uk/water/enztech/medical.html
November 18, 2015
Thank You