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EAPP Unit 1

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46 views37 pages

EAPP Unit 1

Uploaded by

yearningthoughts
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE ACADEMIC WRITING STYLE

Writing is a form of
communication that is
shaped by the following
factors:
TOPIC:
Topic sentences help keep your writing
focused and guide the reader through
your argument. In an essay or paper,
each paragraph should focus on a single
idea. By stating the main idea in the topic
sentence, you clarify what the paragraph
is about for both yourself and your
reader
ROLE:
A writer is someone who conveys their
idea to the world through written words.
A writer's role is to keep everyone's
mind engaged when they consume the
written words and mull over them. A
writer is an artist, a crafter of words and
a creator of techniques for seeping into
the minds of humans from a page.
PURPOSE:
Focusing on your purpose as you
begin writing helps you know what
form to choose, how to focus and
organize your writing, what kinds
of evidence to cite, how formal or
informal your style should be, and
how much you should write
AUDIENCE:
Audience is one of the most integral parts
of writing regardless of an author's skill or
proficiency. Whether your students are
writing a simple in-class narrative, a piece
for a final exam, or a college application
essay, their audience determines what
kind of voice they want to convey in their
compositions.
Aspects of Professional and
Academic Language
Four Important Features of
Language Use
Formality
Formality reflects your dignified
stance in your writing as a
member of the academic
community. The language you
use requires a “legitimate” piece
of academic writing.
Formality can be achieved through
the following ways:
1. Choosing expanded modal forms
over contracted forms (cannot
instead of can’t)
2. Choosing one verb form over two-
word verbs ( damage instead of
mess up)
3. Choosing expanded terms over
their abbreviated equivalents (as
soon as possible instead of ASAP)

4. Avoiding colloquial/ trite/


idiomatic expressions (kind of
like, as a matter of fact
Rewrite the following sentences to observe
a formal tone.

1. I wanna attend the meeting


tomorrow.
2. What’s the update?
3. The study checked out the
health effects of passive smoking.
4. This experiment worked out
just fine.
5. The outcomes of the study
haven’t been documented yet.
Objectivity
Academic writing requires special
knowledge and use of more
complex language and
objectivity. The writings must be
impersonal and maintains a
certain level of social distance.
Objectivity can be achieved by:
1. Avoiding the use of personal
pronouns such as You, I, We.
Example:
You need to conduct an experiment

Improved version:
The researchers need to conduct the
experiment.
2. Avoiding rhetorical questions as it
marks “closeness” with the reader,
and constantly seeks his/her
attention.
Example:
How can these problems be solved?
Improved Version:
Certain measures must be discovered
to solve the problems.
3. Avoiding emotive language that
shows biases and lessens objectivity.
Example:
The investigators were very shocked
to see the outcome of the tests.
Improved version:
The investigators did not expect the
results.
Explicitness
Academic writing demands the use
of signposts that allow readers to
trace the relationships in the parts of
a study.
If you intend to show a
change in your line of
argument, make it clear by
using however and phrases
such as this is due to the...,
This resulted in...
If you intend to give extra
information in your sentence make
it clear by writing “ in addition” and
when giving examples using “ for
example”
Caution
Academic writing requires care
since knowledge is built from
proven theories and concepts.
Caution is needed to avoid
sweeping generalizations.
Example:
Government officials are corrupt.
Improved versions:
Some government officials may
be corrupt.
Corruption is commonly linked to
some key government officials.
In academic writing, caution needs to be
observed in the following parts of your
paper:
1. When hypothesis needs to be tested
2. Drawing conclusions or predictions
from your findings that may
generalize certain matters
3. . Reflecting other’s work to build on
your own paper.
Structure
Aside from language, sentences
need to be constructed in such a
way that they show a level of
complexity that reflects the
sophistication of an academic
writer.
Combining ideas effectively ,
nominalization, and
passivization are some ways
to achieve structure fit for
academic writing.
In combining ideas effectively,
avoid redundancy and at the
same time make sure that the
ideas are packed effectively.
In nominalization, the verbs are
made central as they denote
action. Transforming verbs into
nouns helps readers focus on the
action and not on the doer of the
action.
Example:
The company created software to
manage the transactions successfully.
Nominalization:
The creation of software to manage
transactions was a success.
In passive construction, the result
of actions are highlighted. In
academic writing, since the writer
of the paper is presumed to have
done the collection and analysis of
data, it is understood that all
results of the action are a product
of the writer’s work.
Example:
The researcher conducted experiments
to validate the hypothesis.

Passivization:
Experiments were conducted to
validate the hypothesis.
Prepare for a quiz

Thank You !!!

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