String Final

String class and methods
String:
• It represents a sequence of characters enclose in a double
quotes(“ “).
• In java it is not represented using character array.they are
represented using classes string.
• A java String ia an instantiated object of a String class. It
is not a character array.
• Syntax:
• String string_name = new String(“string value”);
• E.g
• String city = new String(“Aurangabad”);
• String class method:
• A string class defines a number of methods that allows us to

accomplish a variety of string manipulation task.
• length(): it is used to calculate length of a string.i.e number of

character present in the string.
• Syntax : int variable = String_name . length();
String nm = new String(“java”);
Int size = nm.lenght();
System.out.println(“length of string=“+size);
o/p: length of string = 4

• toLowerCase(): it is used to convert all characters in a string to
lowercase. Non alphabetical characters such as digits & special
symbols are not affected.
• Syntax : s2 = s1.toLowerCase();
• e.g. String s1 = new String (“JAVA”);
• String s2 = s1.toLowerCase();
• System.out.println(s2);
• o/p : java
• toUpperCase(): it is used to convert all characters in a string to
uppercase. Non alphabetical characters such as digits & special
symbols are not affected.
• Syntax : S2 = s1.toUpperCase();
• e.g. String s1 = new String (“java”);
• String s2 = s1.toUpperCase();
• o/p JAVA
• replace() : it replaces all of one character with another
character.
• Syntax: Stringname.replace(‘source_char’,’dest_char’);
• String name = new String(“TALL”);
• String temp = name.replace(‘T’,’B’);
• System.out.println(temp);
• o/p BALL
• charAt() :
• It is used to extract a single character from a string by

specifying its index.
• Syntax :
• V= String_name.charAt(position)
• Where v is character variable.
• Position = integer value
• E.g String s = new String(“abc”);
• Char ch = s1.charAt(1);
• System.out.println(ch); // output : b
• Concat() :
• It is used to concatenate two strings. The second string is

appended at the end of first string.
• String s1 = new String(“Good”);
• String s2 = s1.concat(“Afternoon”);
• Output : Good Afternoon

• substring()
• The java string substring() method returns a part of the string.
• We pass begin index and end index number position in the java substring method.
• start index starts from 0 whereas end index starts from 1.
• There are two types of substring methods in java string.
• Syntax :
• public String substring(int startIndex)
• and
• public String substring(int startIndex, int endIndex)

public class SubstringExample2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1="Javatpoint";
String substr = s1.substring(0); // Starts with 0 and goes to end
System.out.println(substr);
String substr2 = s1.substring(5,10); // Starts from 5 and goes to 10
System.out.println(substr2);
String substr3 = s1.substring(5,15); // Returns Exception
Output:
Javatpoint
point
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: begin 5, end 15, length 10

• equals(): The java string equals() method compares the two given
strings based on the content of the string.
• If any character is not matched, it returns false. If all characters are

matched, it returns true.
• true if characters of both strings are equal otherwise false.
public class EqualsExample{

public static void main(String args[]){
String s1="javatpoint";
String s3="JAVATPOINT";
String s4="python";
System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));//true because content and case is same
System.out.println(s1.equals(s3));//false because case is not same
System.out.println(s1.equals(s4));//false because content is not same
}}
• equalsIgnoreCase()
• The String equalsIgnoreCase() method compares
the two given strings on the basis of content of the
string irrespective of case of the string.
• It is like equals() method but doesn't check case. If
any character is not matched, it returns false
otherwise it returns true.

public class EqualsIgnoreCaseExample{
public static void main(String args[]){

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String class and methods

• A string class defines a number of methods that allows us to

• length(): it is used to calculate length of a string.i.e number of

• Syntax : int variable = String_name . length();

String nm = new String(“java”);

Int size = nm.lenght();

o/p: length of string = 4

• e.g. String s1 = new String (“JAVA”);

• e.g. String s1 = new String (“java”);

• String name = new String(“TALL”);

• String temp = name.replace(‘T’,’B’);

• It is used to extract a single character from a string by

• Where v is character variable.

• Position = integer value

• E.g String s = new String(“abc”);

• It is used to concatenate two strings. The second string is

• String s1 = new String(“Good”);

• Output : Good Afternoon

• The java string substring() method returns a part of the string.

• start index starts from 0 whereas end index starts from 1.

• There are two types of substring methods in java string.

• public String substring(int startIndex)

• public String substring(int startIndex, int endIndex)

public static void main(String[] args) {

String substr = s1.substring(0); // Starts with 0 and goes to end

String substr2 = s1.substring(5,10); // Starts from 5 and goes to 10

String substr3 = s1.substring(5,15); // Returns Exception

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: begin 5, end 15, length 10

• If any character is not matched, it returns false. If all characters are

• true if characters of both strings are equal otherwise false.

public class EqualsExample{

• The String equalsIgnoreCase() method compares

the two given strings on the basis of content of the

string irrespective of case of the string.

• It is like equals() method but doesn't check case. If

any character is not matched, it returns false

otherwise it returns true.

public static void main(String args[]){

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